Description

Go to https://curiositystream.thld.co/historyoftheearth_0222 and use code HISTORYOFTHEEARTH to save 25% off today, that’s only $14.99 a year. Thanks to Curiosity Stream for sponsoring today’s video.



Researched and Written by Leila Battison
Narrated and Edited by David Kelly
Thumbnail Art and Art by Ettore Mazza
Art by Khail Kupsky
Maps by Adriano Bezerra



If you like our videos, check out Leila’s Youtube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXIk7euOGq6jkptjTzEz5kQ



Music from Epidemic Sound and Artlist, stock footage from Videoblocks.



Image Credits:



Gruinard Island By Kevin Walsh from Oxford, England - https://www.flickr.com/photos/86624586@N00/36190793/, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2623790



Isle Royale By Tony Webster from Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States - Lake Superior Shore at Isle Royale National Park, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=84671906



Copper By James St. John - Copper and silver (Mesoproterozoic, 1.05-.1.06 Ga; Isle Royale Number 3 Mine, Houghton County, northern Michigan, USA), CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39951133



By James St. John - Copper crystals (Mesoproterozoic, 1.05-1.06 Ga; Franklin Jr. Mine, Hancock, Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA), CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39951107



Laurentian Mountains By Josyan Pierson - http://www.josyan.ca, CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=925886



Great Rift Valley By Redgeographics - Map produced from scratch using public domain source data, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=57359214



Amethyst By JJ Harrison (https://jjharrison.com.au/) - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7515666



Great Lakes By Philroc - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=54977685



Eukaryotes By Picturepest - Amöbe mit einverleibtem Rädertierchen - Fokalebene 3, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39165167



Cells Ojima K, Lin Z, de Andrade I, Costa M, Mermelstein C, CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Beyeler J, Schnyder I, Katsaros C, Chiquet M, CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons



Eukaryotic cells by Alexander Klepnev, CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons



Cyanobacteria Asai H, Iwamori S, Kawai K, Ehira S, Ishihara J, Aihara K, Shoji S, Iwasaki H, CC BY 2.5 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5 via Wikimedia Commons



Red Algae By Dagoberto E. Venera-Pontón, William E. Schmidt and Suzanne Fredericq - [1] doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00652, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=112754576



By Eric Guinther at the English-language Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=188826



By Emoody26 at English Wikipedia, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3455016



Bacteria Fontana C, Lambert A, Benaroudj N, Gasparini D, Gorgette O, Cachet N, Bomchil N, Picardeau M, CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 via Wikimedia Commons



Bicellum images By Authors of the study: Paul K. Strother, Martin D. Brasier, David Wacey, Leslie Timpe, Martin Saunders, Charles H. Wellman - https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(21)00424-3, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=105582202



Somerset island By LawrieM - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=63304454



Bangiomorpha images courtesy of Professor Nicholas J Butterfield



Image of Black Sea Wreck courtesy of Dr. Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz/Black Sea MAP



Back arc basin By Zyzzy2 at the English-language Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22037184