WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:28.640 --> 00:00:51.670 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:00:51.670 --> 00:00:51.680 align:start position:0% 00:00:51.680 --> 00:01:14.070 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:01:14.070 --> 00:01:14.080 align:start position:0% 00:01:14.080 --> 00:01:30.789 align:start position:0% Heat up 00:01:30.789 --> 00:01:30.799 align:start position:0% 00:01:30.799 --> 00:01:53.590 align:start position:0% here. 00:01:53.590 --> 00:01:53.600 align:start position:0% 00:01:53.600 --> 00:01:56.950 align:start position:0% Heat<00:01:53.680> up 00:01:56.950 --> 00:01:56.960 align:start position:0% 00:01:56.960 --> 00:02:04.630 align:start position:0% here. 00:02:04.630 --> 00:02:04.640 align:start position:0% 00:02:04.640 --> 00:02:17.350 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:02:17.350 --> 00:02:17.360 align:start position:0% 00:02:17.360 --> 00:02:35.830 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:02:35.830 --> 00:02:35.840 align:start position:0% 00:02:35.840 --> 00:02:58.869 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:02:58.869 --> 00:02:58.879 align:start position:0% 00:02:58.879 --> 00:03:36.229 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:03:36.229 --> 00:03:36.239 align:start position:0% 00:03:36.239 --> 00:03:56.070 align:start position:0% Heat.<00:03:36.319> Heat. 00:03:56.070 --> 00:03:56.080 align:start position:0% 00:03:56.080 --> 00:03:57.910 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:03:57.910 --> 00:03:57.920 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:03:57.920 --> 00:04:05.110 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:04:05.110 --> 00:04:05.120 align:start position:0% 00:04:05.120 --> 00:05:12.550 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:05:12.550 --> 00:05:12.560 align:start position:0% 00:05:12.560 --> 00:05:21.350 align:start position:0% I<00:05:12.720> got 00:05:21.350 --> 00:05:21.360 align:start position:0% 00:05:21.360 --> 00:05:29.189 align:start position:0% you. 00:05:29.189 --> 00:05:29.199 align:start position:0% 00:05:29.199 --> 00:06:02.950 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:06:02.950 --> 00:06:02.960 align:start position:0% 00:06:02.960 --> 00:06:12.070 align:start position:0% Heat.<00:06:03.039> Heat. 00:06:12.070 --> 00:06:12.080 align:start position:0% 00:06:12.080 --> 00:06:24.629 align:start position:0% Heat 00:06:24.629 --> 00:06:24.639 align:start position:0% 00:06:24.639 --> 00:06:27.350 align:start position:0% up 00:06:27.350 --> 00:06:27.360 align:start position:0% up 00:06:27.360 --> 00:07:26.950 align:start position:0% up here. 00:07:26.950 --> 00:07:26.960 align:start position:0% 00:07:26.960 --> 00:07:43.830 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:07:43.830 --> 00:07:43.840 align:start position:0% 00:07:43.840 --> 00:07:50.230 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:07:50.230 --> 00:07:50.240 align:start position:0% 00:07:50.240 --> 00:08:03.830 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:08:03.830 --> 00:08:03.840 align:start position:0% 00:08:03.840 --> 00:08:11.909 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:08:11.909 --> 00:08:11.919 align:start position:0% 00:08:11.919 --> 00:08:32.630 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:08:32.630 --> 00:08:32.640 align:start position:0% 00:08:32.640 --> 00:08:43.430 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:08:43.430 --> 00:08:43.440 align:start position:0% 00:08:43.440 --> 00:09:33.509 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:09:33.509 --> 00:09:33.519 align:start position:0% 00:09:33.519 --> 00:09:37.990 align:start position:0% Oh, 00:09:37.990 --> 00:09:38.000 align:start position:0% 00:09:38.000 --> 00:09:43.590 align:start position:0% hey. 00:09:43.590 --> 00:09:43.600 align:start position:0% 00:09:43.600 --> 00:09:59.829 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:09:59.829 --> 00:09:59.839 align:start position:0% 00:09:59.839 --> 00:10:06.550 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:10:06.550 --> 00:10:06.560 align:start position:0% 00:10:06.560 --> 00:10:25.910 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:10:25.910 --> 00:10:25.920 align:start position:0% 00:10:25.920 --> 00:10:31.110 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:10:31.110 --> 00:10:31.120 align:start position:0% 00:10:31.120 --> 00:10:49.990 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:10:49.990 --> 00:10:50.000 align:start position:0% 00:10:50.000 --> 00:10:55.430 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:10:55.430 --> 00:10:55.440 align:start position:0% 00:10:55.440 --> 00:11:13.590 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:11:13.590 --> 00:11:13.600 align:start position:0% 00:11:13.600 --> 00:11:38.710 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:11:38.710 --> 00:11:38.720 align:start position:0% 00:11:38.720 --> 00:11:47.670 align:start position:0% Come<00:11:38.800> on. 00:11:47.670 --> 00:11:47.680 align:start position:0% 00:11:47.680 --> 00:12:13.190 align:start position:0% Come<00:11:47.760> on. 00:12:13.190 --> 00:12:13.200 align:start position:0% 00:12:13.200 --> 00:12:33.829 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:12:33.829 --> 00:12:33.839 align:start position:0% 00:12:33.839 --> 00:12:46.310 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:12:46.310 --> 00:12:46.320 align:start position:0% 00:12:46.320 --> 00:13:20.629 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:13:20.629 --> 00:13:20.639 align:start position:0% 00:13:20.639 --> 00:13:23.670 align:start position:0% Today<00:13:21.120> is<00:13:21.519> a<00:13:21.839> very<00:13:22.320> special<00:13:22.720> day<00:13:23.040> for<00:13:23.279> our 00:13:23.670 --> 00:13:23.680 align:start position:0% Today is a very special day for our 00:13:23.680 --> 00:13:26.470 align:start position:0% Today is a very special day for our planet.<00:13:24.560> I'm<00:13:24.800> Alex<00:13:25.200> Mccoan<00:13:26.000> and<00:13:26.240> you're 00:13:26.470 --> 00:13:26.480 align:start position:0% planet. I'm Alex Mccoan and you're 00:13:26.480 --> 00:13:29.990 align:start position:0% planet. I'm Alex Mccoan and you're watching<00:13:26.800> Astrome<00:13:27.440> Live.<00:13:28.480> It's<00:13:28.800> 6:30<00:13:29.600> p.m. 00:13:29.990 --> 00:13:30.000 align:start position:0% watching Astrome Live. It's 6:30 p.m. 00:13:30.000 --> 00:13:33.750 align:start position:0% watching Astrome Live. It's 6:30 p.m. BST<00:13:30.639> on<00:13:30.880> the<00:13:31.040> 12th<00:13:31.360> of<00:13:31.600> August,<00:13:32.240> 2026 00:13:33.750 --> 00:13:33.760 align:start position:0% BST on the 12th of August, 2026 00:13:33.760 --> 00:13:36.230 align:start position:0% BST on the 12th of August, 2026 and<00:13:34.000> we<00:13:34.320> are<00:13:34.480> about<00:13:34.720> to<00:13:34.959> be<00:13:35.120> treated<00:13:35.519> to<00:13:35.839> one<00:13:36.079> of 00:13:36.230 --> 00:13:36.240 align:start position:0% and we are about to be treated to one of 00:13:36.240 --> 00:13:38.310 align:start position:0% and we are about to be treated to one of the<00:13:36.480> most<00:13:36.800> extraordinary<00:13:37.600> sites<00:13:38.000> it's 00:13:38.310 --> 00:13:38.320 align:start position:0% the most extraordinary sites it's 00:13:38.320 --> 00:13:40.870 align:start position:0% the most extraordinary sites it's possible<00:13:38.720> to<00:13:38.959> witness<00:13:39.360> here<00:13:39.600> on<00:13:39.760> Earth,<00:13:40.560> a 00:13:40.870 --> 00:13:40.880 align:start position:0% possible to witness here on Earth, a 00:13:40.880 --> 00:13:43.750 align:start position:0% possible to witness here on Earth, a total<00:13:41.519> solar<00:13:41.920> eclipse.<00:13:43.120> We're<00:13:43.360> bringing<00:13:43.600> you 00:13:43.750 --> 00:13:43.760 align:start position:0% total solar eclipse. We're bringing you 00:13:43.760 --> 00:13:45.350 align:start position:0% total solar eclipse. We're bringing you a<00:13:43.920> live<00:13:44.160> feed<00:13:44.399> of<00:13:44.560> the<00:13:44.720> whole<00:13:44.880> event<00:13:45.120> from 00:13:45.350 --> 00:13:45.360 align:start position:0% a live feed of the whole event from 00:13:45.360 --> 00:13:48.470 align:start position:0% a live feed of the whole event from ISA's<00:13:45.839> telescopes<00:13:46.320> in<00:13:46.560> Teru,<00:13:47.279> Spain.<00:13:48.000> As<00:13:48.240> this 00:13:48.470 --> 00:13:48.480 align:start position:0% ISA's telescopes in Teru, Spain. As this 00:13:48.480 --> 00:13:50.629 align:start position:0% ISA's telescopes in Teru, Spain. As this cosmological<00:13:49.360> phenomenon<00:13:50.000> sweeps<00:13:50.399> the 00:13:50.629 --> 00:13:50.639 align:start position:0% cosmological phenomenon sweeps the 00:13:50.639 --> 00:13:53.269 align:start position:0% cosmological phenomenon sweeps the globe,<00:13:51.440> we'll<00:13:51.760> reveal<00:13:52.079> how<00:13:52.399> eclipses<00:13:52.959> in<00:13:53.120> the 00:13:53.269 --> 00:13:53.279 align:start position:0% globe, we'll reveal how eclipses in the 00:13:53.279 --> 00:13:55.269 align:start position:0% globe, we'll reveal how eclipses in the past<00:13:53.519> have<00:13:53.760> shaped<00:13:54.079> our<00:13:54.320> understanding<00:13:54.880> of 00:13:55.269 --> 00:13:55.279 align:start position:0% past have shaped our understanding of 00:13:55.279 --> 00:13:57.110 align:start position:0% past have shaped our understanding of not<00:13:55.519> just<00:13:55.680> our<00:13:56.000> solar<00:13:56.320> system,<00:13:56.639> but<00:13:56.880> the 00:13:57.110 --> 00:13:57.120 align:start position:0% not just our solar system, but the 00:13:57.120 --> 00:13:59.990 align:start position:0% not just our solar system, but the entire<00:13:57.600> cosmos<00:13:58.560> and<00:13:58.800> explore<00:13:59.279> why<00:13:59.600> total 00:13:59.990 --> 00:14:00.000 align:start position:0% entire cosmos and explore why total 00:14:00.000 --> 00:14:03.189 align:start position:0% entire cosmos and explore why total solar<00:14:00.399> eclipses<00:14:00.880> are<00:14:01.519> even<00:14:01.920> today<00:14:02.720> still 00:14:03.189 --> 00:14:03.199 align:start position:0% solar eclipses are even today still 00:14:03.199 --> 00:14:06.470 align:start position:0% solar eclipses are even today still vital<00:14:03.680> for<00:14:04.000> researchers<00:14:04.639> studying<00:14:05.040> our<00:14:05.360> sun. 00:14:06.470 --> 00:14:06.480 align:start position:0% vital for researchers studying our sun. 00:14:06.480 --> 00:14:08.550 align:start position:0% vital for researchers studying our sun. This<00:14:06.720> eclipse<00:14:07.360> has<00:14:07.680> actually<00:14:08.160> already 00:14:08.550 --> 00:14:08.560 align:start position:0% This eclipse has actually already 00:14:08.560 --> 00:14:11.430 align:start position:0% This eclipse has actually already started.<00:14:09.360> In<00:14:09.600> parts<00:14:09.839> of<00:14:10.000> Greenland,<00:14:10.639> totality 00:14:11.430 --> 00:14:11.440 align:start position:0% started. In parts of Greenland, totality 00:14:11.440 --> 00:14:14.230 align:start position:0% started. In parts of Greenland, totality was<00:14:11.920> 10<00:14:12.240> minutes<00:14:12.480> ago.<00:14:13.199> But<00:14:13.360> here<00:14:13.600> in<00:14:13.760> Spain, 00:14:14.230 --> 00:14:14.240 align:start position:0% was 10 minutes ago. But here in Spain, 00:14:14.240 --> 00:14:16.150 align:start position:0% was 10 minutes ago. But here in Spain, where<00:14:14.399> the<00:14:14.639> last<00:14:14.880> total<00:14:15.279> solar<00:14:15.600> eclipse<00:14:15.920> was 00:14:16.150 --> 00:14:16.160 align:start position:0% where the last total solar eclipse was 00:14:16.160 --> 00:14:18.470 align:start position:0% where the last total solar eclipse was more<00:14:16.399> than<00:14:16.560> a<00:14:16.720> century<00:14:17.120> ago,<00:14:17.839> the<00:14:18.000> excitement 00:14:18.470 --> 00:14:18.480 align:start position:0% more than a century ago, the excitement 00:14:18.480 --> 00:14:21.430 align:start position:0% more than a century ago, the excitement is<00:14:18.720> building<00:14:19.120> fast.<00:14:19.920> We<00:14:20.160> are<00:14:20.320> expecting<00:14:21.040> first 00:14:21.430 --> 00:14:21.440 align:start position:0% is building fast. We are expecting first 00:14:21.440 --> 00:14:24.790 align:start position:0% is building fast. We are expecting first contact<00:14:21.920> in<00:14:22.240> around<00:14:22.800> 5<00:14:23.120> minutes<00:14:23.519> time.<00:14:24.560> At 00:14:24.790 --> 00:14:24.800 align:start position:0% contact in around 5 minutes time. At 00:14:24.800 --> 00:14:27.590 align:start position:0% contact in around 5 minutes time. At first,<00:14:25.279> a<00:14:25.680> small<00:14:26.160> dark<00:14:26.560> notch<00:14:26.959> will<00:14:27.199> appear 00:14:27.590 --> 00:14:27.600 align:start position:0% first, a small dark notch will appear 00:14:27.600 --> 00:14:29.670 align:start position:0% first, a small dark notch will appear along<00:14:27.920> the<00:14:28.160> edge<00:14:28.399> of<00:14:28.480> the<00:14:28.720> sun.<00:14:29.360> If<00:14:29.600> you 00:14:29.670 --> 00:14:29.680 align:start position:0% along the edge of the sun. If you 00:14:29.680 --> 00:14:31.189 align:start position:0% along the edge of the sun. If you weren't<00:14:30.000> looking<00:14:30.160> for<00:14:30.320> it,<00:14:30.560> you'd<00:14:30.800> miss<00:14:31.040> it 00:14:31.189 --> 00:14:31.199 align:start position:0% weren't looking for it, you'd miss it 00:14:31.199 --> 00:14:34.069 align:start position:0% weren't looking for it, you'd miss it completely.<00:14:32.160> But<00:14:32.399> gradually,<00:14:33.120> the<00:14:33.440> moon<00:14:33.760> will 00:14:34.069 --> 00:14:34.079 align:start position:0% completely. But gradually, the moon will 00:14:34.079 --> 00:14:36.629 align:start position:0% completely. But gradually, the moon will sweep<00:14:34.560> across<00:14:34.959> the<00:14:35.199> solar<00:14:35.600> disc<00:14:36.000> until<00:14:36.320> it 00:14:36.629 --> 00:14:36.639 align:start position:0% sweep across the solar disc until it 00:14:36.639 --> 00:14:39.509 align:start position:0% sweep across the solar disc until it completely<00:14:37.360> blocks<00:14:37.680> the<00:14:37.920> sun<00:14:38.160> from<00:14:38.320> our<00:14:38.639> view. 00:14:39.509 --> 00:14:39.519 align:start position:0% completely blocks the sun from our view. 00:14:39.519 --> 00:14:42.150 align:start position:0% completely blocks the sun from our view. Daylight<00:14:40.079> will<00:14:40.399> fade.<00:14:41.120> The<00:14:41.440> birds<00:14:41.760> will<00:14:41.920> stop 00:14:42.150 --> 00:14:42.160 align:start position:0% Daylight will fade. The birds will stop 00:14:42.160 --> 00:14:44.629 align:start position:0% Daylight will fade. The birds will stop singing.<00:14:43.040> The<00:14:43.279> world<00:14:43.519> around<00:14:43.920> us<00:14:44.160> will<00:14:44.399> take 00:14:44.629 --> 00:14:44.639 align:start position:0% singing. The world around us will take 00:14:44.639 --> 00:14:48.150 align:start position:0% singing. The world around us will take on<00:14:44.959> an<00:14:45.199> unfamiliar,<00:14:46.399> eerie<00:14:46.959> quality<00:14:47.680> for<00:14:47.920> a 00:14:48.150 --> 00:14:48.160 align:start position:0% on an unfamiliar, eerie quality for a 00:14:48.160 --> 00:14:51.110 align:start position:0% on an unfamiliar, eerie quality for a few<00:14:48.399> short<00:14:48.800> minutes<00:14:49.600> until<00:14:50.320> the<00:14:50.560> moon<00:14:50.880> moves 00:14:51.110 --> 00:14:51.120 align:start position:0% few short minutes until the moon moves 00:14:51.120 --> 00:14:54.230 align:start position:0% few short minutes until the moon moves on.<00:14:51.440> Of<00:14:51.680> course,<00:14:52.720> totality<00:14:53.360> will<00:14:53.600> last<00:14:53.920> less 00:14:54.230 --> 00:14:54.240 align:start position:0% on. Of course, totality will last less 00:14:54.240 --> 00:14:57.189 align:start position:0% on. Of course, totality will last less than<00:14:54.560> 2<00:14:54.880> minutes.<00:14:55.839> But<00:14:56.000> in<00:14:56.240> those<00:14:56.560> minutes,<00:14:56.959> we 00:14:57.189 --> 00:14:57.199 align:start position:0% than 2 minutes. But in those minutes, we 00:14:57.199 --> 00:14:58.790 align:start position:0% than 2 minutes. But in those minutes, we will<00:14:57.360> witness<00:14:57.760> one<00:14:58.079> of<00:14:58.160> the<00:14:58.399> most 00:14:58.790 --> 00:14:58.800 align:start position:0% will witness one of the most 00:14:58.800 --> 00:15:00.790 align:start position:0% will witness one of the most extraordinary<00:14:59.680> alignments<00:15:00.160> in<00:15:00.320> the<00:15:00.480> solar 00:15:00.790 --> 00:15:00.800 align:start position:0% extraordinary alignments in the solar 00:15:00.800 --> 00:15:03.269 align:start position:0% extraordinary alignments in the solar system.<00:15:01.440> A<00:15:01.600> phenomenon<00:15:02.079> that<00:15:02.320> has<00:15:02.560> shaped 00:15:03.269 --> 00:15:03.279 align:start position:0% system. A phenomenon that has shaped 00:15:03.279 --> 00:15:05.509 align:start position:0% system. A phenomenon that has shaped centuries<00:15:03.839> of<00:15:04.000> discovery<00:15:04.800> and<00:15:05.040> revealed 00:15:05.509 --> 00:15:05.519 align:start position:0% centuries of discovery and revealed 00:15:05.519 --> 00:15:17.829 align:start position:0% centuries of discovery and revealed secret 00:15:17.829 --> 00:15:17.839 align:start position:0% 00:15:17.839 --> 00:15:19.910 align:start position:0% to<00:15:18.000> share<00:15:18.160> with<00:15:18.320> you<00:15:18.480> about<00:15:18.800> eclipses<00:15:19.440> and<00:15:19.680> the 00:15:19.910 --> 00:15:19.920 align:start position:0% to share with you about eclipses and the 00:15:19.920 --> 00:15:22.310 align:start position:0% to share with you about eclipses and the scientific<00:15:20.480> discoveries<00:15:21.199> being<00:15:21.519> unlocked<00:15:22.079> by 00:15:22.310 --> 00:15:22.320 align:start position:0% scientific discoveries being unlocked by 00:15:22.320 --> 00:15:24.389 align:start position:0% scientific discoveries being unlocked by those<00:15:22.639> studying<00:15:23.040> them.<00:15:23.680> So,<00:15:24.000> I'll<00:15:24.240> be 00:15:24.389 --> 00:15:24.399 align:start position:0% those studying them. So, I'll be 00:15:24.399 --> 00:15:26.310 align:start position:0% those studying them. So, I'll be stopping<00:15:24.639> in<00:15:24.880> every<00:15:25.120> now<00:15:25.360> and<00:15:25.600> then<00:15:25.839> to<00:15:26.160> tell 00:15:26.310 --> 00:15:26.320 align:start position:0% stopping in every now and then to tell 00:15:26.320 --> 00:15:28.629 align:start position:0% stopping in every now and then to tell you<00:15:26.480> more.<00:15:27.199> Some<00:15:27.440> of<00:15:27.519> the<00:15:27.600> Astram<00:15:28.079> team<00:15:28.399> are 00:15:28.629 --> 00:15:28.639 align:start position:0% you more. Some of the Astram team are 00:15:28.639 --> 00:15:30.870 align:start position:0% you more. Some of the Astram team are also<00:15:28.959> online<00:15:29.519> right<00:15:29.839> now<00:15:30.160> and<00:15:30.480> ready<00:15:30.639> to 00:15:30.870 --> 00:15:30.880 align:start position:0% also online right now and ready to 00:15:30.880 --> 00:15:33.030 align:start position:0% also online right now and ready to answer<00:15:31.120> your<00:15:31.360> questions.<00:15:32.240> So,<00:15:32.480> if<00:15:32.720> you<00:15:32.880> have 00:15:33.030 --> 00:15:33.040 align:start position:0% answer your questions. So, if you have 00:15:33.040 --> 00:15:35.670 align:start position:0% answer your questions. So, if you have any,<00:15:33.519> please<00:15:34.000> do<00:15:34.320> ask<00:15:34.639> away.<00:15:35.199> We're<00:15:35.440> looking 00:15:35.670 --> 00:15:35.680 align:start position:0% any, please do ask away. We're looking 00:15:35.680 --> 00:15:38.310 align:start position:0% any, please do ask away. We're looking forward<00:15:35.920> to<00:15:36.079> chatting.<00:15:37.120> Now,<00:15:37.600> I<00:15:37.839> said<00:15:38.079> this 00:15:38.310 --> 00:15:38.320 align:start position:0% forward to chatting. Now, I said this 00:15:38.320 --> 00:15:40.550 align:start position:0% forward to chatting. Now, I said this was<00:15:38.480> an<00:15:38.800> extraordinary<00:15:39.440> alignment,<00:15:40.079> and<00:15:40.320> I 00:15:40.550 --> 00:15:40.560 align:start position:0% was an extraordinary alignment, and I 00:15:40.560 --> 00:15:42.949 align:start position:0% was an extraordinary alignment, and I mean<00:15:40.880> just<00:15:41.120> that.<00:15:41.920> While<00:15:42.320> total<00:15:42.639> solar 00:15:42.949 --> 00:15:42.959 align:start position:0% mean just that. While total solar 00:15:42.959 --> 00:15:45.030 align:start position:0% mean just that. While total solar eclipses<00:15:43.519> are<00:15:43.760> possible<00:15:44.160> on<00:15:44.480> other<00:15:44.720> planets 00:15:45.030 --> 00:15:45.040 align:start position:0% eclipses are possible on other planets 00:15:45.040 --> 00:15:47.750 align:start position:0% eclipses are possible on other planets in<00:15:45.279> our<00:15:45.440> solar<00:15:45.760> system,<00:15:46.480> Jupiter,<00:15:47.199> Saturn, 00:15:47.750 --> 00:15:47.760 align:start position:0% in our solar system, Jupiter, Saturn, 00:15:47.760 --> 00:15:49.910 align:start position:0% in our solar system, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune,<00:15:48.320> Uranus,<00:15:48.720> and<00:15:48.880> Pluto<00:15:49.360> can<00:15:49.680> all 00:15:49.910 --> 00:15:49.920 align:start position:0% Neptune, Uranus, and Pluto can all 00:15:49.920 --> 00:15:52.470 align:start position:0% Neptune, Uranus, and Pluto can all experience<00:15:50.399> this<00:15:50.639> phenomenon,<00:15:51.600> eclipses<00:15:52.240> on 00:15:52.470 --> 00:15:52.480 align:start position:0% experience this phenomenon, eclipses on 00:15:52.480 --> 00:15:55.670 align:start position:0% experience this phenomenon, eclipses on Earth<00:15:53.040> are<00:15:53.360> different.<00:15:54.480> This<00:15:54.720> is<00:15:54.880> because<00:15:55.360> of 00:15:55.670 --> 00:15:55.680 align:start position:0% Earth are different. This is because of 00:15:55.680 --> 00:15:58.790 align:start position:0% Earth are different. This is because of an<00:15:56.000> incredibly<00:15:56.880> unusual<00:15:57.519> coincidence.<00:15:58.560> The 00:15:58.790 --> 00:15:58.800 align:start position:0% an incredibly unusual coincidence. The 00:15:58.800 --> 00:16:01.670 align:start position:0% an incredibly unusual coincidence. The sun<00:15:59.120> is<00:15:59.440> around<00:16:00.079> 400<00:16:00.639> times<00:16:00.959> wider<00:16:01.360> than<00:16:01.519> the 00:16:01.670 --> 00:16:01.680 align:start position:0% sun is around 400 times wider than the 00:16:01.680 --> 00:16:05.110 align:start position:0% sun is around 400 times wider than the moon,<00:16:02.320> but<00:16:02.560> it<00:16:02.800> is<00:16:02.959> also<00:16:03.519> around<00:16:04.079> 400<00:16:04.639> times 00:16:05.110 --> 00:16:05.120 align:start position:0% moon, but it is also around 400 times 00:16:05.120 --> 00:16:08.230 align:start position:0% moon, but it is also around 400 times further<00:16:05.600> away<00:16:05.920> from<00:16:06.160> us.<00:16:06.880> So<00:16:07.360> when<00:16:07.600> the<00:16:07.839> moon 00:16:08.230 --> 00:16:08.240 align:start position:0% further away from us. So when the moon 00:16:08.240 --> 00:16:10.870 align:start position:0% further away from us. So when the moon comes<00:16:08.560> between<00:16:08.959> us<00:16:09.120> and<00:16:09.360> the<00:16:09.519> sun,<00:16:10.160> its<00:16:10.480> disc 00:16:10.870 --> 00:16:10.880 align:start position:0% comes between us and the sun, its disc 00:16:10.880 --> 00:16:14.310 align:start position:0% comes between us and the sun, its disc covers<00:16:11.360> our<00:16:11.680> star<00:16:12.160> almost<00:16:12.720> exactly.<00:16:14.000> Although 00:16:14.310 --> 00:16:14.320 align:start position:0% covers our star almost exactly. Although 00:16:14.320 --> 00:16:16.150 align:start position:0% covers our star almost exactly. Although in<00:16:14.560> this<00:16:14.720> instance,<00:16:15.120> the<00:16:15.360> moon<00:16:15.600> was<00:16:15.839> at 00:16:16.150 --> 00:16:16.160 align:start position:0% in this instance, the moon was at 00:16:16.160 --> 00:16:18.949 align:start position:0% in this instance, the moon was at perigee,<00:16:17.040> its<00:16:17.440> closest<00:16:17.920> point<00:16:18.079> to<00:16:18.240> the<00:16:18.399> earth, 00:16:18.949 --> 00:16:18.959 align:start position:0% perigee, its closest point to the earth, 00:16:18.959 --> 00:16:22.150 align:start position:0% perigee, its closest point to the earth, only<00:16:19.279> 2.2<00:16:20.000> days<00:16:20.240> ago.<00:16:21.040> So<00:16:21.360> it's<00:16:21.680> a<00:16:21.920> little 00:16:22.150 --> 00:16:22.160 align:start position:0% only 2.2 days ago. So it's a little 00:16:22.160 --> 00:16:24.550 align:start position:0% only 2.2 days ago. So it's a little bigger<00:16:22.480> to<00:16:22.639> us<00:16:22.880> than<00:16:23.120> average,<00:16:23.839> which<00:16:24.079> is<00:16:24.320> a 00:16:24.550 --> 00:16:24.560 align:start position:0% bigger to us than average, which is a 00:16:24.560 --> 00:16:26.310 align:start position:0% bigger to us than average, which is a good<00:16:24.639> thing<00:16:24.880> in<00:16:25.120> terms<00:16:25.279> of<00:16:25.519> being<00:16:25.680> able<00:16:25.920> to<00:16:26.079> get 00:16:26.310 --> 00:16:26.320 align:start position:0% good thing in terms of being able to get 00:16:26.320 --> 00:16:28.389 align:start position:0% good thing in terms of being able to get a<00:16:26.720> long<00:16:27.120> viewing<00:16:27.519> time<00:16:27.759> on<00:16:27.920> the<00:16:28.079> solar 00:16:28.389 --> 00:16:28.399 align:start position:0% a long viewing time on the solar 00:16:28.399 --> 00:16:30.710 align:start position:0% a long viewing time on the solar eclipse.<00:16:29.279> But<00:16:29.440> we<00:16:29.759> won't<00:16:30.000> always<00:16:30.240> be<00:16:30.480> this 00:16:30.710 --> 00:16:30.720 align:start position:0% eclipse. But we won't always be this 00:16:30.720 --> 00:16:33.269 align:start position:0% eclipse. But we won't always be this lucky.<00:16:31.360> The<00:16:31.600> Apollo<00:16:32.079> 11<00:16:32.480> astronauts<00:16:33.040> place 00:16:33.269 --> 00:16:33.279 align:start position:0% lucky. The Apollo 11 astronauts place 00:16:33.279 --> 00:16:35.269 align:start position:0% lucky. The Apollo 11 astronauts place reflectors<00:16:33.839> on<00:16:33.920> the<00:16:34.079> moon,<00:16:34.399> which<00:16:34.720> scientists 00:16:35.269 --> 00:16:35.279 align:start position:0% reflectors on the moon, which scientists 00:16:35.279 --> 00:16:37.910 align:start position:0% reflectors on the moon, which scientists still<00:16:35.600> use<00:16:35.839> today,<00:16:36.480> to<00:16:36.720> give<00:16:36.880> us<00:16:37.199> extremely 00:16:37.910 --> 00:16:37.920 align:start position:0% still use today, to give us extremely 00:16:37.920 --> 00:16:39.749 align:start position:0% still use today, to give us extremely accurate<00:16:38.399> measurements<00:16:38.800> of<00:16:39.040> how<00:16:39.279> far<00:16:39.519> away 00:16:39.749 --> 00:16:39.759 align:start position:0% accurate measurements of how far away 00:16:39.759 --> 00:16:42.550 align:start position:0% accurate measurements of how far away the<00:16:39.920> moon<00:16:40.160> is<00:16:40.320> from<00:16:40.560> us.<00:16:41.360> That<00:16:41.680> data<00:16:42.079> has<00:16:42.399> shown 00:16:42.550 --> 00:16:42.560 align:start position:0% the moon is from us. That data has shown 00:16:42.560 --> 00:16:46.230 align:start position:0% the moon is from us. That data has shown us<00:16:42.720> that<00:16:42.880> the<00:16:43.040> moon<00:16:43.279> is<00:16:43.519> getting<00:16:44.160> 3.78<00:16:45.519> cm 00:16:46.230 --> 00:16:46.240 align:start position:0% us that the moon is getting 3.78 cm 00:16:46.240 --> 00:16:48.870 align:start position:0% us that the moon is getting 3.78 cm further<00:16:46.720> away<00:16:47.040> from<00:16:47.199> us<00:16:47.600> every<00:16:47.920> year.<00:16:48.639> And 00:16:48.870 --> 00:16:48.880 align:start position:0% further away from us every year. And 00:16:48.880 --> 00:16:51.430 align:start position:0% further away from us every year. And that<00:16:49.040> means<00:16:49.279> that<00:16:49.920> eventually<00:16:50.800> it<00:16:51.040> will<00:16:51.199> be 00:16:51.430 --> 00:16:51.440 align:start position:0% that means that eventually it will be 00:16:51.440 --> 00:16:53.430 align:start position:0% that means that eventually it will be far<00:16:51.680> enough<00:16:52.000> away<00:16:52.240> from<00:16:52.399> us<00:16:52.560> that<00:16:52.800> a<00:16:53.040> total 00:16:53.430 --> 00:16:53.440 align:start position:0% far enough away from us that a total 00:16:53.440 --> 00:16:56.550 align:start position:0% far enough away from us that a total solar<00:16:53.839> eclipse<00:16:54.320> is<00:16:54.800> no<00:16:55.040> longer<00:16:55.440> possible.<00:16:56.320> It 00:16:56.550 --> 00:16:56.560 align:start position:0% solar eclipse is no longer possible. It 00:16:56.560 --> 00:16:58.629 align:start position:0% solar eclipse is no longer possible. It simply<00:16:56.959> won't<00:16:57.279> be<00:16:57.360> able<00:16:57.519> to<00:16:57.680> cover<00:16:57.920> the<00:16:58.160> entire 00:16:58.629 --> 00:16:58.639 align:start position:0% simply won't be able to cover the entire 00:16:58.639 --> 00:17:01.509 align:start position:0% simply won't be able to cover the entire solar<00:16:59.040> disc.<00:17:00.079> For<00:17:00.240> now<00:17:00.480> though,<00:17:00.959> let's<00:17:01.199> enjoy 00:17:01.509 --> 00:17:01.519 align:start position:0% solar disc. For now though, let's enjoy 00:17:01.519 --> 00:17:04.069 align:start position:0% solar disc. For now though, let's enjoy it<00:17:01.680> whilst<00:17:02.000> we<00:17:02.240> can<00:17:02.800> and<00:17:03.120> wait<00:17:03.440> for<00:17:03.759> first 00:17:04.069 --> 00:17:04.079 align:start position:0% it whilst we can and wait for first 00:17:04.079 --> 00:17:06.549 align:start position:0% it whilst we can and wait for first contact<00:17:04.799> when<00:17:05.039> the<00:17:05.199> moon's<00:17:05.600> edge<00:17:06.160> first 00:17:06.549 --> 00:17:06.559 align:start position:0% contact when the moon's edge first 00:17:06.559 --> 00:18:01.029 align:start position:0% contact when the moon's edge first touches<00:17:06.959> the<00:17:07.199> sun. 00:18:01.029 --> 00:18:01.039 align:start position:0% 00:18:01.039 --> 00:19:10.310 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:19:10.310 --> 00:19:10.320 align:start position:0% 00:19:10.320 --> 00:20:21.590 align:start position:0% Heat.<00:19:10.400> Heat. 00:20:21.590 --> 00:20:21.600 align:start position:0% 00:20:21.600 --> 00:20:25.190 align:start position:0% So<00:20:22.320> that's<00:20:22.640> it.<00:20:23.200> We<00:20:23.520> have<00:20:23.840> first<00:20:24.240> contact.<00:20:24.960> The 00:20:25.190 --> 00:20:25.200 align:start position:0% So that's it. We have first contact. The 00:20:25.200 --> 00:20:28.789 align:start position:0% So that's it. We have first contact. The eclipse<00:20:25.760> has<00:20:26.160> officially<00:20:26.880> begun.<00:20:28.159> At<00:20:28.400> around 00:20:28.789 --> 00:20:28.799 align:start position:0% eclipse has officially begun. At around 00:20:28.799 --> 00:20:31.190 align:start position:0% eclipse has officially begun. At around 4:00<00:20:29.360> on<00:20:29.520> the<00:20:29.679> solar<00:20:30.000> disc,<00:20:30.480> a<00:20:30.799> tiny 00:20:31.190 --> 00:20:31.200 align:start position:0% 4:00 on the solar disc, a tiny 00:20:31.200 --> 00:20:34.070 align:start position:0% 4:00 on the solar disc, a tiny imperfection<00:20:31.919> has<00:20:32.159> appeared.<00:20:32.880> A<00:20:33.120> small<00:20:33.760> black 00:20:34.070 --> 00:20:34.080 align:start position:0% imperfection has appeared. A small black 00:20:34.080 --> 00:20:36.149 align:start position:0% imperfection has appeared. A small black notch<00:20:34.400> on<00:20:34.559> the<00:20:34.720> sun's<00:20:35.039> otherwise<00:20:35.679> perfect 00:20:36.149 --> 00:20:36.159 align:start position:0% notch on the sun's otherwise perfect 00:20:36.159 --> 00:20:38.390 align:start position:0% notch on the sun's otherwise perfect circle.<00:20:37.280> If<00:20:37.440> you<00:20:37.600> want<00:20:37.679> to<00:20:37.840> see<00:20:38.000> this<00:20:38.159> for 00:20:38.390 --> 00:20:38.400 align:start position:0% circle. If you want to see this for 00:20:38.400 --> 00:20:40.310 align:start position:0% circle. If you want to see this for yourself,<00:20:38.880> you<00:20:39.120> will<00:20:39.280> need<00:20:39.679> specialist 00:20:40.310 --> 00:20:40.320 align:start position:0% yourself, you will need specialist 00:20:40.320 --> 00:20:42.070 align:start position:0% yourself, you will need specialist eclipse<00:20:40.799> glasses<00:20:41.200> to<00:20:41.360> look<00:20:41.520> at<00:20:41.679> the<00:20:41.840> sun 00:20:42.070 --> 00:20:42.080 align:start position:0% eclipse glasses to look at the sun 00:20:42.080 --> 00:20:44.549 align:start position:0% eclipse glasses to look at the sun safely.<00:20:42.960> But<00:20:43.120> if<00:20:43.280> you<00:20:43.440> don't<00:20:43.600> have<00:20:43.760> those,<00:20:44.320> you 00:20:44.549 --> 00:20:44.559 align:start position:0% safely. But if you don't have those, you 00:20:44.559 --> 00:20:47.990 align:start position:0% safely. But if you don't have those, you can<00:20:44.720> always<00:20:45.039> try<00:20:45.440> finding<00:20:46.159> a<00:20:46.480> tree.<00:20:47.600> As<00:20:47.840> the 00:20:47.990 --> 00:20:48.000 align:start position:0% can always try finding a tree. As the 00:20:48.000 --> 00:20:50.149 align:start position:0% can always try finding a tree. As the sun<00:20:48.240> shines<00:20:48.559> through<00:20:48.799> its<00:20:49.039> leaves,<00:20:49.520> the<00:20:49.760> tiny 00:20:50.149 --> 00:20:50.159 align:start position:0% sun shines through its leaves, the tiny 00:20:50.159 --> 00:20:53.190 align:start position:0% sun shines through its leaves, the tiny gaps<00:20:50.559> between<00:20:50.960> them<00:20:51.440> act<00:20:51.679> as<00:20:52.080> natural<00:20:52.559> pinhole 00:20:53.190 --> 00:20:53.200 align:start position:0% gaps between them act as natural pinhole 00:20:53.200 --> 00:20:55.750 align:start position:0% gaps between them act as natural pinhole projectors.<00:20:54.400> Each<00:20:54.720> opening<00:20:55.120> captures<00:20:55.520> the 00:20:55.750 --> 00:20:55.760 align:start position:0% projectors. Each opening captures the 00:20:55.760 --> 00:20:58.070 align:start position:0% projectors. Each opening captures the shape<00:20:55.919> of<00:20:56.080> the<00:20:56.240> eclipse<00:20:56.640> sun<00:20:57.039> and<00:20:57.360> casts<00:20:57.760> it 00:20:58.070 --> 00:20:58.080 align:start position:0% shape of the eclipse sun and casts it 00:20:58.080 --> 00:21:00.470 align:start position:0% shape of the eclipse sun and casts it onto<00:20:58.400> the<00:20:58.559> ground<00:20:58.799> below.<00:20:59.679> And<00:20:59.919> if<00:21:00.159> you<00:21:00.320> don't 00:21:00.470 --> 00:21:00.480 align:start position:0% onto the ground below. And if you don't 00:21:00.480 --> 00:21:02.390 align:start position:0% onto the ground below. And if you don't have<00:21:00.559> a<00:21:00.720> tree<00:21:00.960> nearby,<00:21:01.600> you<00:21:01.840> can<00:21:01.919> do<00:21:02.080> the<00:21:02.240> same 00:21:02.390 --> 00:21:02.400 align:start position:0% have a tree nearby, you can do the same 00:21:02.400 --> 00:21:04.070 align:start position:0% have a tree nearby, you can do the same thing<00:21:02.480> at<00:21:02.720> home<00:21:02.880> with<00:21:03.120> a<00:21:03.280> colander<00:21:03.679> from<00:21:03.919> your 00:21:04.070 --> 00:21:04.080 align:start position:0% thing at home with a colander from your 00:21:04.080 --> 00:21:06.390 align:start position:0% thing at home with a colander from your kitchen.<00:21:04.960> If<00:21:05.200> you<00:21:05.280> hold<00:21:05.520> it<00:21:05.679> in<00:21:05.840> the<00:21:06.000> sunlight 00:21:06.390 --> 00:21:06.400 align:start position:0% kitchen. If you hold it in the sunlight 00:21:06.400 --> 00:21:08.789 align:start position:0% kitchen. If you hold it in the sunlight and<00:21:06.720> look<00:21:06.880> at<00:21:07.039> the<00:21:07.200> shadow<00:21:07.520> it<00:21:07.840> casts,<00:21:08.640> you 00:21:08.789 --> 00:21:08.799 align:start position:0% and look at the shadow it casts, you 00:21:08.799 --> 00:21:11.990 align:start position:0% and look at the shadow it casts, you will<00:21:09.039> see<00:21:09.280> the<00:21:09.600> same<00:21:09.919> effect.<00:21:11.039> As<00:21:11.360> the<00:21:11.520> eclipse 00:21:11.990 --> 00:21:12.000 align:start position:0% will see the same effect. As the eclipse 00:21:12.000 --> 00:21:14.470 align:start position:0% will see the same effect. As the eclipse progresses,<00:21:12.960> instead<00:21:13.280> of<00:21:13.520> ordinary<00:21:14.080> circles 00:21:14.470 --> 00:21:14.480 align:start position:0% progresses, instead of ordinary circles 00:21:14.480 --> 00:21:16.870 align:start position:0% progresses, instead of ordinary circles of<00:21:14.640> light,<00:21:15.039> there<00:21:15.200> will<00:21:15.360> be<00:21:15.600> hundreds<00:21:16.080> of<00:21:16.320> tiny 00:21:16.870 --> 00:21:16.880 align:start position:0% of light, there will be hundreds of tiny 00:21:16.880 --> 00:21:18.870 align:start position:0% of light, there will be hundreds of tiny cresants<00:21:17.360> scattered<00:21:17.760> across<00:21:18.080> the<00:21:18.320> ground. 00:21:18.870 --> 00:21:18.880 align:start position:0% cresants scattered across the ground. 00:21:18.880 --> 00:21:21.750 align:start position:0% cresants scattered across the ground. Each<00:21:19.120> one<00:21:19.360> a<00:21:19.600> miniature<00:21:20.159> image<00:21:20.480> of<00:21:20.640> the<00:21:20.799> sun. 00:21:21.750 --> 00:21:21.760 align:start position:0% Each one a miniature image of the sun. 00:21:21.760 --> 00:21:24.710 align:start position:0% Each one a miniature image of the sun. And<00:21:22.159> as<00:21:22.480> the<00:21:22.640> moon<00:21:22.960> advances,<00:21:23.919> those<00:21:24.159> cresants 00:21:24.710 --> 00:21:24.720 align:start position:0% And as the moon advances, those cresants 00:21:24.720 --> 00:21:27.190 align:start position:0% And as the moon advances, those cresants will<00:21:24.960> grow<00:21:25.280> sharper,<00:21:26.000> thinner,<00:21:26.720> and<00:21:26.960> more 00:21:27.190 --> 00:21:27.200 align:start position:0% will grow sharper, thinner, and more 00:21:27.200 --> 00:21:30.230 align:start position:0% will grow sharper, thinner, and more pronounced.<00:21:28.320> From<00:21:28.720> here<00:21:28.880> on<00:21:29.120> in,<00:21:29.600> it's<00:21:29.919> just 00:21:30.230 --> 00:21:30.240 align:start position:0% pronounced. From here on in, it's just 00:21:30.240 --> 00:21:32.950 align:start position:0% pronounced. From here on in, it's just under<00:21:30.799> 50<00:21:31.120> minutes<00:21:31.360> until<00:21:31.840> totality,<00:21:32.799> so 00:21:32.950 --> 00:21:32.960 align:start position:0% under 50 minutes until totality, so 00:21:32.960 --> 00:21:34.870 align:start position:0% under 50 minutes until totality, so you'll<00:21:33.280> have<00:21:33.520> plenty<00:21:33.919> of<00:21:34.080> time<00:21:34.240> to<00:21:34.480> give<00:21:34.640> that 00:21:34.870 --> 00:21:34.880 align:start position:0% you'll have plenty of time to give that 00:21:34.880 --> 00:21:37.830 align:start position:0% you'll have plenty of time to give that a<00:21:35.039> try.<00:21:36.240> Now,<00:21:36.880> this<00:21:37.280> might<00:21:37.520> seem 00:21:37.830 --> 00:21:37.840 align:start position:0% a try. Now, this might seem 00:21:37.840 --> 00:21:40.789 align:start position:0% a try. Now, this might seem counterintuitive,<00:21:39.200> but<00:21:39.440> we<00:21:39.760> can't<00:21:40.159> ever<00:21:40.559> see 00:21:40.789 --> 00:21:40.799 align:start position:0% counterintuitive, but we can't ever see 00:21:40.799 --> 00:21:43.110 align:start position:0% counterintuitive, but we can't ever see as<00:21:41.120> close<00:21:41.280> to<00:21:41.440> the<00:21:41.600> sun's<00:21:41.919> surface<00:21:42.320> as<00:21:42.559> we<00:21:42.799> can 00:21:43.110 --> 00:21:43.120 align:start position:0% as close to the sun's surface as we can 00:21:43.120 --> 00:21:45.590 align:start position:0% as close to the sun's surface as we can during<00:21:43.520> a<00:21:43.919> natural<00:21:44.480> total<00:21:44.880> solar<00:21:45.200> eclipse 00:21:45.590 --> 00:21:45.600 align:start position:0% during a natural total solar eclipse 00:21:45.600 --> 00:21:47.830 align:start position:0% during a natural total solar eclipse like<00:21:45.840> this.<00:21:46.640> When<00:21:46.799> you<00:21:46.960> look<00:21:47.039> at<00:21:47.200> a<00:21:47.360> disc<00:21:47.679> to 00:21:47.830 --> 00:21:47.840 align:start position:0% like this. When you look at a disc to 00:21:47.840 --> 00:21:49.590 align:start position:0% like this. When you look at a disc to block<00:21:48.080> out<00:21:48.240> the<00:21:48.400> direct<00:21:48.640> light<00:21:48.880> from<00:21:49.039> the<00:21:49.200> sun, 00:21:49.590 --> 00:21:49.600 align:start position:0% block out the direct light from the sun, 00:21:49.600 --> 00:21:51.510 align:start position:0% block out the direct light from the sun, whether<00:21:49.919> that's<00:21:50.240> the<00:21:50.559> light<00:21:50.880> blocking<00:21:51.280> disc 00:21:51.510 --> 00:21:51.520 align:start position:0% whether that's the light blocking disc 00:21:51.520 --> 00:21:54.470 align:start position:0% whether that's the light blocking disc in<00:21:51.679> a<00:21:51.840> man-made<00:21:52.320> coronagraph<00:21:53.120> or<00:21:53.440> the<00:21:53.679> moon, 00:21:54.470 --> 00:21:54.480 align:start position:0% in a man-made coronagraph or the moon, 00:21:54.480 --> 00:21:56.789 align:start position:0% in a man-made coronagraph or the moon, light<00:21:54.720> waves<00:21:55.200> defract<00:21:55.760> around<00:21:56.080> the<00:21:56.320> edges<00:21:56.559> and 00:21:56.789 --> 00:21:56.799 align:start position:0% light waves defract around the edges and 00:21:56.799 --> 00:21:59.190 align:start position:0% light waves defract around the edges and obscure<00:21:57.280> the<00:21:57.440> inner<00:21:57.679> parts<00:21:57.919> of<00:21:58.000> the<00:21:58.159> corona. 00:21:59.190 --> 00:21:59.200 align:start position:0% obscure the inner parts of the corona. 00:21:59.200 --> 00:22:01.510 align:start position:0% obscure the inner parts of the corona. But<00:21:59.360> you<00:21:59.760> can<00:22:00.000> reduce<00:22:00.320> this<00:22:00.559> effect<00:22:00.960> by<00:22:01.280> moving 00:22:01.510 --> 00:22:01.520 align:start position:0% But you can reduce this effect by moving 00:22:01.520 --> 00:22:04.630 align:start position:0% But you can reduce this effect by moving the<00:22:01.760> disc<00:22:02.240> further<00:22:02.720> away<00:22:03.120> from<00:22:03.360> the<00:22:03.520> detector. 00:22:04.630 --> 00:22:04.640 align:start position:0% the disc further away from the detector. 00:22:04.640 --> 00:22:06.390 align:start position:0% the disc further away from the detector. I'm<00:22:04.960> sure<00:22:05.280> you<00:22:05.520> can<00:22:05.600> see<00:22:05.760> where<00:22:06.000> I'm<00:22:06.240> going 00:22:06.390 --> 00:22:06.400 align:start position:0% I'm sure you can see where I'm going 00:22:06.400 --> 00:22:08.310 align:start position:0% I'm sure you can see where I'm going with<00:22:06.640> this.<00:22:07.200> It<00:22:07.440> would<00:22:07.600> be<00:22:07.760> pretty<00:22:08.000> difficult 00:22:08.310 --> 00:22:08.320 align:start position:0% with this. It would be pretty difficult 00:22:08.320 --> 00:22:10.390 align:start position:0% with this. It would be pretty difficult for<00:22:08.480> us<00:22:08.640> to<00:22:08.880> create<00:22:09.039> a<00:22:09.280> disc<00:22:09.760> bigger<00:22:10.080> than<00:22:10.240> the 00:22:10.390 --> 00:22:10.400 align:start position:0% for us to create a disc bigger than the 00:22:10.400 --> 00:22:12.789 align:start position:0% for us to create a disc bigger than the moon<00:22:11.039> and<00:22:11.280> put<00:22:11.520> it<00:22:11.679> even<00:22:11.919> further<00:22:12.400> away<00:22:12.640> from 00:22:12.789 --> 00:22:12.799 align:start position:0% moon and put it even further away from 00:22:12.799 --> 00:22:15.830 align:start position:0% moon and put it even further away from the<00:22:12.960> Earth<00:22:13.280> than<00:22:13.520> our<00:22:13.840> moon<00:22:14.080> is<00:22:14.320> now.<00:22:15.280> So 00:22:15.830 --> 00:22:15.840 align:start position:0% the Earth than our moon is now. So 00:22:15.840 --> 00:22:18.390 align:start position:0% the Earth than our moon is now. So natural<00:22:16.480> eclipses<00:22:17.039> like<00:22:17.280> this<00:22:17.679> with<00:22:17.840> the<00:22:18.000> moon 00:22:18.390 --> 00:22:18.400 align:start position:0% natural eclipses like this with the moon 00:22:18.400 --> 00:22:21.029 align:start position:0% natural eclipses like this with the moon helpfully<00:22:19.039> only<00:22:19.360> just<00:22:19.760> obscuring<00:22:20.240> the<00:22:20.480> sun 00:22:21.029 --> 00:22:21.039 align:start position:0% helpfully only just obscuring the sun 00:22:21.039 --> 00:22:23.430 align:start position:0% helpfully only just obscuring the sun are<00:22:21.440> our<00:22:21.840> best<00:22:22.159> chance<00:22:22.400> to<00:22:22.640> study<00:22:22.880> the<00:22:23.120> region 00:22:23.430 --> 00:22:23.440 align:start position:0% are our best chance to study the region 00:22:23.440 --> 00:22:25.270 align:start position:0% are our best chance to study the region where<00:22:23.760> the<00:22:23.919> corona<00:22:24.480> meets<00:22:24.799> the<00:22:24.960> sun's 00:22:25.270 --> 00:22:25.280 align:start position:0% where the corona meets the sun's 00:22:25.280 --> 00:22:26.950 align:start position:0% where the corona meets the sun's surface. 00:22:26.950 --> 00:22:26.960 align:start position:0% surface. 00:22:26.960 --> 00:22:29.270 align:start position:0% surface. Prober<00:22:27.440> 3<00:22:27.679> mission<00:22:27.919> is<00:22:28.159> probably<00:22:28.559> our<00:22:28.880> closest 00:22:29.270 --> 00:22:29.280 align:start position:0% Prober 3 mission is probably our closest 00:22:29.280 --> 00:22:30.870 align:start position:0% Prober 3 mission is probably our closest next<00:22:29.520> bet<00:22:29.760> when<00:22:30.000> it<00:22:30.080> comes<00:22:30.240> to<00:22:30.400> viewing<00:22:30.720> the 00:22:30.870 --> 00:22:30.880 align:start position:0% next bet when it comes to viewing the 00:22:30.880 --> 00:22:32.870 align:start position:0% next bet when it comes to viewing the corona.<00:22:31.440> We<00:22:31.760> released<00:22:32.000> a<00:22:32.240> video<00:22:32.400> on<00:22:32.640> this 00:22:32.870 --> 00:22:32.880 align:start position:0% corona. We released a video on this 00:22:32.880 --> 00:22:34.470 align:start position:0% corona. We released a video on this pioneering<00:22:33.520> mission<00:22:33.840> just<00:22:34.000> a<00:22:34.240> couple<00:22:34.320> of 00:22:34.470 --> 00:22:34.480 align:start position:0% pioneering mission just a couple of 00:22:34.480 --> 00:22:37.029 align:start position:0% pioneering mission just a couple of weeks<00:22:34.720> ago.<00:22:35.360> But<00:22:35.520> if<00:22:35.760> you<00:22:35.840> didn't<00:22:36.080> see<00:22:36.159> it<00:22:36.400> yet, 00:22:37.029 --> 00:22:37.039 align:start position:0% weeks ago. But if you didn't see it yet, 00:22:37.039 --> 00:22:39.190 align:start position:0% weeks ago. But if you didn't see it yet, this<00:22:37.280> probe<00:22:37.679> is<00:22:37.840> studying<00:22:38.240> the<00:22:38.400> corona<00:22:38.880> vir 00:22:39.190 --> 00:22:39.200 align:start position:0% this probe is studying the corona vir 00:22:39.200 --> 00:22:41.830 align:start position:0% this probe is studying the corona vir creating<00:22:39.760> artificial<00:22:40.400> eclipses,<00:22:41.360> blocking 00:22:41.830 --> 00:22:41.840 align:start position:0% creating artificial eclipses, blocking 00:22:41.840 --> 00:22:43.750 align:start position:0% creating artificial eclipses, blocking out<00:22:42.080> the<00:22:42.240> disc<00:22:42.559> of<00:22:42.640> the<00:22:42.799> sun<00:22:43.039> with<00:22:43.200> its<00:22:43.440> own 00:22:43.750 --> 00:22:43.760 align:start position:0% out the disc of the sun with its own 00:22:43.760 --> 00:22:46.149 align:start position:0% out the disc of the sun with its own occultter<00:22:44.640> on<00:22:44.880> board<00:22:45.120> a<00:22:45.440> second<00:22:45.760> craft 00:22:46.149 --> 00:22:46.159 align:start position:0% occultter on board a second craft 00:22:46.159 --> 00:22:48.789 align:start position:0% occultter on board a second craft nearby.<00:22:47.280> Probe<00:22:47.520> of<00:22:47.760> 3<00:22:48.080> will<00:22:48.320> likely<00:22:48.640> be 00:22:48.789 --> 00:22:48.799 align:start position:0% nearby. Probe of 3 will likely be 00:22:48.799 --> 00:22:50.470 align:start position:0% nearby. Probe of 3 will likely be observing<00:22:49.200> the<00:22:49.440> sun<00:22:49.600> at<00:22:49.840> the<00:22:50.000> same<00:22:50.159> time<00:22:50.320> as 00:22:50.470 --> 00:22:50.480 align:start position:0% observing the sun at the same time as 00:22:50.480 --> 00:22:52.710 align:start position:0% observing the sun at the same time as the<00:22:50.720> eclipse<00:22:51.039> here<00:22:51.200> on<00:22:51.440> Earth,<00:22:52.000> giving<00:22:52.320> us<00:22:52.480> the 00:22:52.710 --> 00:22:52.720 align:start position:0% the eclipse here on Earth, giving us the 00:22:52.720 --> 00:22:54.310 align:start position:0% the eclipse here on Earth, giving us the ability<00:22:53.039> to<00:22:53.280> cross<00:22:53.679> reference<00:22:54.000> its 00:22:54.310 --> 00:22:54.320 align:start position:0% ability to cross reference its 00:22:54.320 --> 00:22:56.470 align:start position:0% ability to cross reference its observations<00:22:54.880> with<00:22:55.120> those<00:22:55.440> from<00:22:55.840> Earth, 00:22:56.470 --> 00:22:56.480 align:start position:0% observations with those from Earth, 00:22:56.480 --> 00:22:58.470 align:start position:0% observations with those from Earth, which<00:22:56.720> in<00:22:56.960> turn<00:22:57.280> will<00:22:57.520> help<00:22:57.760> us<00:22:58.000> calibrate 00:22:58.470 --> 00:22:58.480 align:start position:0% which in turn will help us calibrate 00:22:58.480 --> 00:23:01.350 align:start position:0% which in turn will help us calibrate probi<00:22:59.280> for<00:22:59.520> mapping<00:23:00.000> coronal<00:23:00.480> mass<00:23:00.720> ejections 00:23:01.350 --> 00:23:01.360 align:start position:0% probi for mapping coronal mass ejections 00:23:01.360 --> 00:23:03.430 align:start position:0% probi for mapping coronal mass ejections in<00:23:01.679> future. 00:23:03.430 --> 00:23:03.440 align:start position:0% in future. 00:23:03.440 --> 00:23:22.710 align:start position:0% in future. Heat. 00:23:22.710 --> 00:23:22.720 align:start position:0% 00:23:22.720 --> 00:23:50.549 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:23:50.549 --> 00:23:50.559 align:start position:0% 00:23:50.559 --> 00:24:26.710 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:24:26.710 --> 00:24:26.720 align:start position:0% 00:24:26.720 --> 00:24:34.710 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:24:34.710 --> 00:24:34.720 align:start position:0% 00:24:34.720 --> 00:24:38.950 align:start position:0% Hey. Hey. Hey. 00:24:38.950 --> 00:24:38.960 align:start position:0% 00:24:38.960 --> 00:24:57.990 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:24:57.990 --> 00:24:58.000 align:start position:0% 00:24:58.000 --> 00:25:54.870 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:25:54.870 --> 00:25:54.880 align:start position:0% 00:25:54.880 --> 00:26:10.710 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:26:10.710 --> 00:26:10.720 align:start position:0% 00:26:10.720 --> 00:26:17.669 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:26:17.669 --> 00:26:17.679 align:start position:0% 00:26:17.679 --> 00:28:55.269 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:28:55.269 --> 00:28:55.279 align:start position:0% 00:28:55.279 --> 00:29:43.350 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:29:43.350 --> 00:29:43.360 align:start position:0% 00:29:43.360 --> 00:30:22.549 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:30:22.549 --> 00:30:22.559 align:start position:0% 00:30:22.559 --> 00:30:28.070 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:30:28.070 --> 00:30:28.080 align:start position:0% 00:30:28.080 --> 00:30:51.510 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:30:51.510 --> 00:30:51.520 align:start position:0% 00:30:51.520 --> 00:33:57.590 align:start position:0% Heat.<00:30:51.600> Heat. 00:33:57.590 --> 00:33:57.600 align:start position:0% 00:33:57.600 --> 00:40:19.430 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:40:19.430 --> 00:40:19.440 align:start position:0% 00:40:19.440 --> 00:40:21.430 align:start position:0% We're<00:40:19.760> now<00:40:19.920> about<00:40:20.320> a<00:40:20.560> quarter<00:40:20.960> of<00:40:21.119> the<00:40:21.280> way 00:40:21.430 --> 00:40:21.440 align:start position:0% We're now about a quarter of the way 00:40:21.440 --> 00:40:23.990 align:start position:0% We're now about a quarter of the way into<00:40:21.760> the<00:40:21.920> eclipse<00:40:22.560> and<00:40:22.720> the<00:40:22.880> moon<00:40:23.200> shadow<00:40:23.680> is 00:40:23.990 --> 00:40:24.000 align:start position:0% into the eclipse and the moon shadow is 00:40:24.000 --> 00:40:27.190 align:start position:0% into the eclipse and the moon shadow is approaching<00:40:24.480> us<00:40:24.720> fast<00:40:25.599> and<00:40:25.839> as<00:40:26.160> it<00:40:26.320> does<00:40:26.880> it 00:40:27.190 --> 00:40:27.200 align:start position:0% approaching us fast and as it does it 00:40:27.200 --> 00:40:29.510 align:start position:0% approaching us fast and as it does it actually<00:40:27.680> changes<00:40:28.160> our<00:40:28.480> atmosphere. 00:40:29.510 --> 00:40:29.520 align:start position:0% actually changes our atmosphere. 00:40:29.520 --> 00:40:31.829 align:start position:0% actually changes our atmosphere. Totality<00:40:30.160> in<00:40:30.400> Spain<00:40:30.720> will<00:40:30.960> coincide<00:40:31.520> with 00:40:31.829 --> 00:40:31.839 align:start position:0% Totality in Spain will coincide with 00:40:31.839 --> 00:40:34.310 align:start position:0% Totality in Spain will coincide with sunset<00:40:32.640> which<00:40:32.960> should<00:40:33.200> offer<00:40:33.520> a<00:40:33.839> beautiful 00:40:34.310 --> 00:40:34.320 align:start position:0% sunset which should offer a beautiful 00:40:34.320 --> 00:40:36.630 align:start position:0% sunset which should offer a beautiful show<00:40:34.880> but<00:40:35.119> it<00:40:35.359> also<00:40:35.599> means<00:40:35.760> the<00:40:36.000> moon<00:40:36.320> shadow 00:40:36.630 --> 00:40:36.640 align:start position:0% show but it also means the moon shadow 00:40:36.640 --> 00:40:39.190 align:start position:0% show but it also means the moon shadow will<00:40:36.800> cut<00:40:37.119> diagonally<00:40:37.920> through<00:40:38.240> an<00:40:38.560> enormous 00:40:39.190 --> 00:40:39.200 align:start position:0% will cut diagonally through an enormous 00:40:39.200 --> 00:40:40.870 align:start position:0% will cut diagonally through an enormous cross-section<00:40:39.760> of<00:40:39.920> our<00:40:40.240> planet's<00:40:40.640> lower 00:40:40.870 --> 00:40:40.880 align:start position:0% cross-section of our planet's lower 00:40:40.880 --> 00:40:43.750 align:start position:0% cross-section of our planet's lower atmosphere.<00:40:42.079> Now<00:40:42.400> we<00:40:42.640> have<00:40:42.720> to<00:40:42.960> remember<00:40:43.520> the 00:40:43.750 --> 00:40:43.760 align:start position:0% atmosphere. Now we have to remember the 00:40:43.760 --> 00:40:46.550 align:start position:0% atmosphere. Now we have to remember the moon<00:40:44.000> shadow<00:40:44.400> is<00:40:44.640> moving<00:40:44.960> pretty<00:40:45.359> fast<00:40:46.079> around 00:40:46.550 --> 00:40:46.560 align:start position:0% moon shadow is moving pretty fast around 00:40:46.560 --> 00:40:49.910 align:start position:0% moon shadow is moving pretty fast around 2,000<00:40:47.280> km<00:40:47.760> an<00:40:47.920> hour.<00:40:48.720> So,<00:40:49.040> as<00:40:49.200> it<00:40:49.440> blocks<00:40:49.760> out 00:40:49.910 --> 00:40:49.920 align:start position:0% 2,000 km an hour. So, as it blocks out 00:40:49.920 --> 00:40:52.470 align:start position:0% 2,000 km an hour. So, as it blocks out the<00:40:50.160> sun,<00:40:50.720> we<00:40:50.960> see<00:40:51.040> a<00:40:51.280> sudden<00:40:51.599> drop<00:40:51.839> in<00:40:52.079> UV 00:40:52.470 --> 00:40:52.480 align:start position:0% the sun, we see a sudden drop in UV 00:40:52.480 --> 00:40:54.870 align:start position:0% the sun, we see a sudden drop in UV radiation<00:40:52.960> that<00:40:53.280> causes<00:40:53.760> a<00:40:54.079> supersonic 00:40:54.870 --> 00:40:54.880 align:start position:0% radiation that causes a supersonic 00:40:54.880 --> 00:40:57.430 align:start position:0% radiation that causes a supersonic thermal<00:40:55.359> cooling<00:40:55.760> wave,<00:40:56.400> which<00:40:56.960> creates 00:40:57.430 --> 00:40:57.440 align:start position:0% thermal cooling wave, which creates 00:40:57.440 --> 00:40:59.829 align:start position:0% thermal cooling wave, which creates ripples<00:40:57.839> in<00:40:58.079> Earth's<00:40:58.400> upper<00:40:58.720> atmosphere,<00:40:59.520> an 00:40:59.829 --> 00:40:59.839 align:start position:0% ripples in Earth's upper atmosphere, an 00:40:59.839 --> 00:41:02.710 align:start position:0% ripples in Earth's upper atmosphere, an ionospheric<00:41:00.720> shock<00:41:01.040> wave.<00:41:02.000> Think<00:41:02.160> of<00:41:02.319> it<00:41:02.480> like 00:41:02.710 --> 00:41:02.720 align:start position:0% ionospheric shock wave. Think of it like 00:41:02.720 --> 00:41:05.190 align:start position:0% ionospheric shock wave. Think of it like the<00:41:02.960> wake<00:41:03.280> behind<00:41:03.680> a<00:41:03.839> speedboat.<00:41:04.800> These<00:41:05.040> were 00:41:05.190 --> 00:41:05.200 align:start position:0% the wake behind a speedboat. These were 00:41:05.200 --> 00:41:07.750 align:start position:0% the wake behind a speedboat. These were first<00:41:05.440> postulated<00:41:06.079> in<00:41:06.319> the<00:41:06.400> 1970s,<00:41:07.440> but<00:41:07.599> it 00:41:07.750 --> 00:41:07.760 align:start position:0% first postulated in the 1970s, but it 00:41:07.760 --> 00:41:11.190 align:start position:0% first postulated in the 1970s, but it wasn't<00:41:08.000> until<00:41:08.640> 2017<00:41:09.680> that<00:41:10.000> a<00:41:10.160> team<00:41:10.400> from<00:41:10.560> MIT's 00:41:11.190 --> 00:41:11.200 align:start position:0% wasn't until 2017 that a team from MIT's 00:41:11.200 --> 00:41:13.750 align:start position:0% wasn't until 2017 that a team from MIT's Haystack<00:41:11.760> Observatory<00:41:12.720> finally<00:41:13.200> managed<00:41:13.599> to 00:41:13.750 --> 00:41:13.760 align:start position:0% Haystack Observatory finally managed to 00:41:13.760 --> 00:41:16.390 align:start position:0% Haystack Observatory finally managed to get<00:41:13.920> a<00:41:14.079> highresolution<00:41:14.960> image<00:41:15.359> of<00:41:15.520> a<00:41:15.760> V-shaped 00:41:16.390 --> 00:41:16.400 align:start position:0% get a highresolution image of a V-shaped 00:41:16.400 --> 00:41:19.270 align:start position:0% get a highresolution image of a V-shaped bow<00:41:16.720> wave<00:41:17.119> trailing<00:41:17.599> behind<00:41:18.079> the<00:41:18.319> moon<00:41:18.640> shadow 00:41:19.270 --> 00:41:19.280 align:start position:0% bow wave trailing behind the moon shadow 00:41:19.280 --> 00:41:21.510 align:start position:0% bow wave trailing behind the moon shadow by<00:41:19.599> mapping<00:41:20.079> electron<00:41:20.720> concentrations<00:41:21.359> in 00:41:21.510 --> 00:41:21.520 align:start position:0% by mapping electron concentrations in 00:41:21.520 --> 00:41:24.230 align:start position:0% by mapping electron concentrations in the<00:41:21.839> ionosphere.<00:41:23.119> Teams<00:41:23.440> of<00:41:23.599> scientists<00:41:24.079> are 00:41:24.230 --> 00:41:24.240 align:start position:0% the ionosphere. Teams of scientists are 00:41:24.240 --> 00:41:26.470 align:start position:0% the ionosphere. Teams of scientists are out<00:41:24.400> there<00:41:24.800> right<00:41:25.200> now<00:41:25.680> trying<00:41:25.920> to<00:41:26.079> find<00:41:26.319> out 00:41:26.470 --> 00:41:26.480 align:start position:0% out there right now trying to find out 00:41:26.480 --> 00:41:28.390 align:start position:0% out there right now trying to find out more,<00:41:26.960> using<00:41:27.280> weather<00:41:27.599> balloons<00:41:28.000> and 00:41:28.390 --> 00:41:28.400 align:start position:0% more, using weather balloons and 00:41:28.400 --> 00:41:30.550 align:start position:0% more, using weather balloons and temperature<00:41:28.800> sensors<00:41:29.280> to<00:41:29.520> measure<00:41:29.839> this<00:41:30.160> rare 00:41:30.550 --> 00:41:30.560 align:start position:0% temperature sensors to measure this rare 00:41:30.560 --> 00:41:33.270 align:start position:0% temperature sensors to measure this rare phenomenon.<00:41:31.599> Even<00:41:31.920> NASA<00:41:32.480> is<00:41:32.720> in<00:41:32.880> on<00:41:33.119> the 00:41:33.270 --> 00:41:33.280 align:start position:0% phenomenon. Even NASA is in on the 00:41:33.280 --> 00:41:35.990 align:start position:0% phenomenon. Even NASA is in on the action.<00:41:34.160> In<00:41:34.400> fact,<00:41:34.640> during<00:41:34.960> the<00:41:35.200> 2024 00:41:35.990 --> 00:41:36.000 align:start position:0% action. In fact, during the 2024 00:41:36.000 --> 00:41:38.230 align:start position:0% action. In fact, during the 2024 eclipse,<00:41:36.560> they<00:41:36.880> launched<00:41:37.359> suborbital 00:41:38.230 --> 00:41:38.240 align:start position:0% eclipse, they launched suborbital 00:41:38.240 --> 00:41:40.230 align:start position:0% eclipse, they launched suborbital sounding<00:41:38.640> rockets<00:41:39.040> into<00:41:39.280> the<00:41:39.440> moon's<00:41:39.680> shadow 00:41:40.230 --> 00:41:40.240 align:start position:0% sounding rockets into the moon's shadow 00:41:40.240 --> 00:41:43.030 align:start position:0% sounding rockets into the moon's shadow in<00:41:40.400> a<00:41:40.560> mission<00:41:40.880> called<00:41:41.200> APE<00:41:41.920> or<00:41:42.319> atmospheric 00:41:43.030 --> 00:41:43.040 align:start position:0% in a mission called APE or atmospheric 00:41:43.040 --> 00:41:45.990 align:start position:0% in a mission called APE or atmospheric pertubations<00:41:43.760> around<00:41:44.240> eclipse<00:41:44.640> path,<00:41:45.520> hoping 00:41:45.990 --> 00:41:46.000 align:start position:0% pertubations around eclipse path, hoping 00:41:46.000 --> 00:41:47.910 align:start position:0% pertubations around eclipse path, hoping to<00:41:46.240> measure<00:41:46.800> realtime<00:41:47.359> drops<00:41:47.680> in 00:41:47.910 --> 00:41:47.920 align:start position:0% to measure realtime drops in 00:41:47.920 --> 00:41:50.150 align:start position:0% to measure realtime drops in temperature,<00:41:48.640> electrical<00:41:49.119> density,<00:41:49.920> and 00:41:50.150 --> 00:41:50.160 align:start position:0% temperature, electrical density, and 00:41:50.160 --> 00:41:52.710 align:start position:0% temperature, electrical density, and magnetic<00:41:50.720> turbulence.<00:41:51.920> By<00:41:52.160> measuring<00:41:52.480> these 00:41:52.710 --> 00:41:52.720 align:start position:0% magnetic turbulence. By measuring these 00:41:52.720 --> 00:41:54.710 align:start position:0% magnetic turbulence. By measuring these atmospheric<00:41:53.280> ripples<00:41:53.680> in<00:41:53.920> real<00:41:54.160> time, 00:41:54.710 --> 00:41:54.720 align:start position:0% atmospheric ripples in real time, 00:41:54.720 --> 00:41:56.069 align:start position:0% atmospheric ripples in real time, scientists<00:41:55.200> will<00:41:55.359> gain<00:41:55.599> a<00:41:55.839> better 00:41:56.069 --> 00:41:56.079 align:start position:0% scientists will gain a better 00:41:56.079 --> 00:41:57.910 align:start position:0% scientists will gain a better understanding<00:41:56.560> of<00:41:56.800> how<00:41:57.040> solar<00:41:57.520> energy 00:41:57.910 --> 00:41:57.920 align:start position:0% understanding of how solar energy 00:41:57.920 --> 00:42:00.390 align:start position:0% understanding of how solar energy regulates<00:41:58.480> our<00:41:58.800> planetary<00:41:59.280> weather<00:41:59.599> systems. 00:42:00.390 --> 00:42:00.400 align:start position:0% regulates our planetary weather systems. 00:42:00.400 --> 00:42:02.870 align:start position:0% regulates our planetary weather systems. And<00:42:00.560> that<00:42:00.800> could<00:42:01.280> amongst<00:42:01.760> other<00:42:02.000> things<00:42:02.560> help 00:42:02.870 --> 00:42:02.880 align:start position:0% And that could amongst other things help 00:42:02.880 --> 00:42:04.950 align:start position:0% And that could amongst other things help predict<00:42:03.200> the<00:42:03.440> weather<00:42:03.839> more<00:42:04.160> accurately<00:42:04.640> in 00:42:04.950 --> 00:42:04.960 align:start position:0% predict the weather more accurately in 00:42:04.960 --> 00:42:07.190 align:start position:0% predict the weather more accurately in future.<00:42:05.920> If<00:42:06.160> you<00:42:06.319> want<00:42:06.400> to<00:42:06.560> find<00:42:06.720> out<00:42:06.960> more 00:42:07.190 --> 00:42:07.200 align:start position:0% future. If you want to find out more 00:42:07.200 --> 00:42:08.950 align:start position:0% future. If you want to find out more about<00:42:07.440> these<00:42:07.760> balloon<00:42:08.079> experiments, 00:42:08.950 --> 00:42:08.960 align:start position:0% about these balloon experiments, 00:42:08.960 --> 00:42:11.270 align:start position:0% about these balloon experiments, Veritasium<00:42:09.760> team<00:42:10.079> are<00:42:10.400> with<00:42:10.640> them<00:42:10.880> at<00:42:11.119> the 00:42:11.270 --> 00:42:11.280 align:start position:0% Veritasium team are with them at the 00:42:11.280 --> 00:42:13.270 align:start position:0% Veritasium team are with them at the moment<00:42:11.599> and<00:42:11.920> should<00:42:12.160> be<00:42:12.319> releasing<00:42:12.720> a<00:42:13.040> video 00:42:13.270 --> 00:42:13.280 align:start position:0% moment and should be releasing a video 00:42:13.280 --> 00:43:23.349 align:start position:0% moment and should be releasing a video on<00:42:13.520> them<00:42:13.760> in<00:42:13.920> the<00:42:14.079> next<00:42:14.319> couple<00:42:14.480> of<00:42:14.640> days. 00:43:23.349 --> 00:43:23.359 align:start position:0% 00:43:23.359 --> 00:43:31.750 align:start position:0% Hallelujah. 00:43:31.750 --> 00:43:31.760 align:start position:0% 00:43:31.760 --> 00:43:55.589 align:start position:0% Hallelujah. 00:43:55.589 --> 00:43:55.599 align:start position:0% 00:43:55.599 --> 00:44:49.990 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:44:49.990 --> 00:44:50.000 align:start position:0% 00:44:50.000 --> 00:46:21.030 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:46:21.030 --> 00:46:21.040 align:start position:0% 00:46:21.040 --> 00:46:24.710 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:46:24.710 --> 00:46:24.720 align:start position:0% 00:46:24.720 --> 00:47:01.109 align:start position:0% Heat. 00:47:01.109 --> 00:47:01.119 align:start position:0% 00:47:01.119 --> 00:49:09.190 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:49:09.190 --> 00:49:09.200 align:start position:0% 00:49:09.200 --> 00:49:30.950 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:49:30.950 --> 00:49:30.960 align:start position:0% 00:49:30.960 --> 00:52:40.870 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 00:52:40.870 --> 00:52:40.880 align:start position:0% 00:52:40.880 --> 00:52:44.230 align:start position:0% So<00:52:41.359> that's<00:52:41.760> 50%<00:52:42.559> coverage.<00:52:43.440> The<00:52:43.599> moon<00:52:43.839> is<00:52:44.079> now 00:52:44.230 --> 00:52:44.240 align:start position:0% So that's 50% coverage. The moon is now 00:52:44.240 --> 00:52:47.190 align:start position:0% So that's 50% coverage. The moon is now obscuring<00:52:44.960> half<00:52:45.280> of<00:52:45.440> the<00:52:45.599> sun.<00:52:46.480> And<00:52:46.720> as<00:52:46.960> it 00:52:47.190 --> 00:52:47.200 align:start position:0% obscuring half of the sun. And as it 00:52:47.200 --> 00:52:49.270 align:start position:0% obscuring half of the sun. And as it moves,<00:52:47.599> a<00:52:47.760> team<00:52:48.000> from<00:52:48.160> NASA<00:52:48.559> are<00:52:48.800> moving<00:52:49.119> with 00:52:49.270 --> 00:52:49.280 align:start position:0% moves, a team from NASA are moving with 00:52:49.280 --> 00:52:51.829 align:start position:0% moves, a team from NASA are moving with it<00:52:49.760> on<00:52:50.000> a<00:52:50.240> WB57 00:52:51.829 --> 00:52:51.839 align:start position:0% it on a WB57 00:52:51.839 --> 00:52:54.870 align:start position:0% it on a WB57 highaltitude<00:52:52.720> research<00:52:53.200> aircraft.<00:52:54.319> This<00:52:54.559> jet 00:52:54.870 --> 00:52:54.880 align:start position:0% highaltitude research aircraft. This jet 00:52:54.880 --> 00:52:58.470 align:start position:0% highaltitude research aircraft. This jet is<00:52:55.119> flying<00:52:55.359> at<00:52:55.599> an<00:52:55.760> altitude<00:52:56.400> of<00:52:56.880> 15,000<00:52:57.760> m, 00:52:58.470 --> 00:52:58.480 align:start position:0% is flying at an altitude of 15,000 m, 00:52:58.480 --> 00:53:00.710 align:start position:0% is flying at an altitude of 15,000 m, lifting<00:52:58.880> it<00:52:59.119> far<00:52:59.440> above<00:52:59.760> the<00:53:00.000> clouds, 00:53:00.710 --> 00:53:00.720 align:start position:0% lifting it far above the clouds, 00:53:00.720 --> 00:53:02.470 align:start position:0% lifting it far above the clouds, following<00:53:01.119> the<00:53:01.280> shadow<00:53:01.520> of<00:53:01.680> the<00:53:01.839> moon<00:53:02.000> at<00:53:02.240> more 00:53:02.470 --> 00:53:02.480 align:start position:0% following the shadow of the moon at more 00:53:02.480 --> 00:53:05.750 align:start position:0% following the shadow of the moon at more than<00:53:02.800> 700<00:53:03.520> km<00:53:04.240> hour.<00:53:04.960> By<00:53:05.200> the<00:53:05.359> end<00:53:05.440> of<00:53:05.520> its 00:53:05.750 --> 00:53:05.760 align:start position:0% than 700 km hour. By the end of its 00:53:05.760 --> 00:53:07.589 align:start position:0% than 700 km hour. By the end of its journey,<00:53:06.240> its<00:53:06.559> cameras<00:53:06.880> will<00:53:07.119> have<00:53:07.200> captured 00:53:07.589 --> 00:53:07.599 align:start position:0% journey, its cameras will have captured 00:53:07.599 --> 00:53:09.829 align:start position:0% journey, its cameras will have captured at least<00:53:08.000> 20<00:53:08.480> images<00:53:08.800> per<00:53:09.119> second<00:53:09.440> in 00:53:09.829 --> 00:53:09.839 align:start position:0% at least 20 images per second in 00:53:09.839 --> 00:53:11.910 align:start position:0% at least 20 images per second in multiple<00:53:10.319> wavelengths<00:53:10.880> of<00:53:11.119> visible<00:53:11.599> and 00:53:11.910 --> 00:53:11.920 align:start position:0% multiple wavelengths of visible and 00:53:11.920 --> 00:53:14.470 align:start position:0% multiple wavelengths of visible and infrared<00:53:12.559> light<00:53:13.040> that<00:53:13.280> record<00:53:13.760> changes, 00:53:14.470 --> 00:53:14.480 align:start position:0% infrared light that record changes, 00:53:14.480 --> 00:53:16.630 align:start position:0% infrared light that record changes, structures,<00:53:15.119> and<00:53:15.359> outflows<00:53:15.920> in<00:53:16.079> the<00:53:16.160> corona 00:53:16.630 --> 00:53:16.640 align:start position:0% structures, and outflows in the corona 00:53:16.640 --> 00:53:19.190 align:start position:0% structures, and outflows in the corona during<00:53:16.960> the<00:53:17.200> eclipse.<00:53:18.079> By<00:53:18.400> chasing<00:53:18.720> the<00:53:18.880> moon 00:53:19.190 --> 00:53:19.200 align:start position:0% during the eclipse. By chasing the moon 00:53:19.200 --> 00:53:21.510 align:start position:0% during the eclipse. By chasing the moon shadow<00:53:19.599> in<00:53:19.839> this<00:53:20.000> way,<00:53:20.480> the<00:53:20.720> team<00:53:20.960> will<00:53:21.200> extend 00:53:21.510 --> 00:53:21.520 align:start position:0% shadow in this way, the team will extend 00:53:21.520 --> 00:53:23.270 align:start position:0% shadow in this way, the team will extend the<00:53:21.760> window<00:53:22.000> in<00:53:22.240> which<00:53:22.400> it's<00:53:22.720> possible<00:53:23.040> to 00:53:23.270 --> 00:53:23.280 align:start position:0% the window in which it's possible to 00:53:23.280 --> 00:53:26.470 align:start position:0% the window in which it's possible to observe<00:53:23.680> the<00:53:23.839> corona<00:53:24.480> to<00:53:24.720> nearly<00:53:25.200> 3<00:53:25.599> minutes, 00:53:26.470 --> 00:53:26.480 align:start position:0% observe the corona to nearly 3 minutes, 00:53:26.480 --> 00:53:28.710 align:start position:0% observe the corona to nearly 3 minutes, allowing<00:53:27.040> vital<00:53:27.599> extra<00:53:28.000> observation<00:53:28.480> time 00:53:28.710 --> 00:53:28.720 align:start position:0% allowing vital extra observation time 00:53:28.720 --> 00:53:31.670 align:start position:0% allowing vital extra observation time for<00:53:29.040> principal<00:53:29.520> investigator<00:53:30.319> Amir<00:53:30.800> Kaspi<00:53:31.440> of 00:53:31.670 --> 00:53:31.680 align:start position:0% for principal investigator Amir Kaspi of 00:53:31.680 --> 00:53:33.829 align:start position:0% for principal investigator Amir Kaspi of the<00:53:31.920> Southwest<00:53:32.559> Research<00:53:33.040> Institute<00:53:33.520> in 00:53:33.829 --> 00:53:33.839 align:start position:0% the Southwest Research Institute in 00:53:33.839 --> 00:53:36.470 align:start position:0% the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder,<00:53:34.319> Colorado,<00:53:35.119> and<00:53:35.359> his<00:53:35.599> team<00:53:36.000> to<00:53:36.240> learn 00:53:36.470 --> 00:53:36.480 align:start position:0% Boulder, Colorado, and his team to learn 00:53:36.480 --> 00:53:38.470 align:start position:0% Boulder, Colorado, and his team to learn more<00:53:36.720> about<00:53:36.960> how<00:53:37.280> solar<00:53:37.680> prominences<00:53:38.319> are 00:53:38.470 --> 00:53:38.480 align:start position:0% more about how solar prominences are 00:53:38.480 --> 00:53:40.309 align:start position:0% more about how solar prominences are formed<00:53:39.119> and<00:53:39.359> to<00:53:39.520> better<00:53:39.760> understand<00:53:40.079> the 00:53:40.309 --> 00:53:40.319 align:start position:0% formed and to better understand the 00:53:40.319 --> 00:53:42.710 align:start position:0% formed and to better understand the corona<00:53:40.880> and<00:53:41.119> how<00:53:41.280> it<00:53:41.520> gets<00:53:41.680> heated<00:53:42.079> to<00:53:42.319> nearly 00:53:42.710 --> 00:53:42.720 align:start position:0% corona and how it gets heated to nearly 00:53:42.720 --> 00:56:40.870 align:start position:0% corona and how it gets heated to nearly a<00:53:42.960> million<00:53:43.440> degrees. 00:56:40.870 --> 00:56:40.880 align:start position:0% 00:56:40.880 --> 00:57:01.910 align:start position:0% Hey<00:56:41.040> everybody. 00:57:01.910 --> 00:57:01.920 align:start position:0% 00:57:01.920 --> 00:58:11.349 align:start position:0% Heat.<00:57:02.000> Heat. 00:58:11.349 --> 00:58:11.359 align:start position:0% 00:58:11.359 --> 01:03:33.510 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 01:03:33.510 --> 01:03:33.520 align:start position:0% 01:03:33.520 --> 01:03:35.589 align:start position:0% It<01:03:33.760> is<01:03:34.079> beginning<01:03:34.400> to<01:03:34.559> get<01:03:34.720> dark<01:03:35.039> now<01:03:35.200> as<01:03:35.440> we 01:03:35.589 --> 01:03:35.599 align:start position:0% It is beginning to get dark now as we 01:03:35.599 --> 01:03:38.870 align:start position:0% It is beginning to get dark now as we are<01:03:35.680> at<01:03:35.920> around<01:03:36.400> 75%.<01:03:37.119> %<01:03:37.440> totality.<01:03:38.480> And<01:03:38.640> this 01:03:38.870 --> 01:03:38.880 align:start position:0% are at around 75%. % totality. And this 01:03:38.880 --> 01:03:41.190 align:start position:0% are at around 75%. % totality. And this darkness<01:03:39.359> isn't<01:03:39.839> just<01:03:40.240> something<01:03:40.640> weird<01:03:40.960> to 01:03:41.190 --> 01:03:41.200 align:start position:0% darkness isn't just something weird to 01:03:41.200 --> 01:03:43.589 align:start position:0% darkness isn't just something weird to see<01:03:41.520> happen<01:03:41.839> during<01:03:42.079> the<01:03:42.240> day.<01:03:42.880> It<01:03:43.119> has<01:03:43.359> a 01:03:43.589 --> 01:03:43.599 align:start position:0% see happen during the day. It has a 01:03:43.599 --> 01:03:45.349 align:start position:0% see happen during the day. It has a direct<01:03:44.000> impact<01:03:44.319> on<01:03:44.559> something<01:03:44.799> that<01:03:45.119> has 01:03:45.349 --> 01:03:45.359 align:start position:0% direct impact on something that has 01:03:45.359 --> 01:03:47.990 align:start position:0% direct impact on something that has become<01:03:45.839> very<01:03:46.240> important<01:03:46.640> to<01:03:46.880> us,<01:03:47.520> solar 01:03:47.990 --> 01:03:48.000 align:start position:0% become very important to us, solar 01:03:48.000 --> 01:03:51.510 align:start position:0% become very important to us, solar power.<01:03:49.039> In<01:03:49.280> 2015,<01:03:50.160> an<01:03:50.400> eclipse<01:03:50.799> in<01:03:51.119> Germany 01:03:51.510 --> 01:03:51.520 align:start position:0% power. In 2015, an eclipse in Germany 01:03:51.520 --> 01:03:53.990 align:start position:0% power. In 2015, an eclipse in Germany caused<01:03:51.920> a<01:03:52.319> massive<01:03:52.799> drop<01:03:53.119> in<01:03:53.359> solar<01:03:53.680> power 01:03:53.990 --> 01:03:54.000 align:start position:0% caused a massive drop in solar power 01:03:54.000 --> 01:03:56.069 align:start position:0% caused a massive drop in solar power generation,<01:03:54.880> forcing<01:03:55.280> the<01:03:55.520> electricity 01:03:56.069 --> 01:03:56.079 align:start position:0% generation, forcing the electricity 01:03:56.079 --> 01:03:57.589 align:start position:0% generation, forcing the electricity grids<01:03:56.480> operators<01:03:56.880> to<01:03:57.119> switch<01:03:57.359> to 01:03:57.589 --> 01:03:57.599 align:start position:0% grids operators to switch to 01:03:57.599 --> 01:03:59.829 align:start position:0% grids operators to switch to hydroelectric<01:03:58.400> and<01:03:58.640> gas<01:03:58.880> reserves<01:03:59.359> as<01:03:59.599> the 01:03:59.829 --> 01:03:59.839 align:start position:0% hydroelectric and gas reserves as the 01:03:59.839 --> 01:04:01.990 align:start position:0% hydroelectric and gas reserves as the eclipse<01:04:00.240> passed.<01:04:01.039> And<01:04:01.280> the<01:04:01.440> baseline<01:04:01.839> of 01:04:01.990 --> 01:04:02.000 align:start position:0% eclipse passed. And the baseline of 01:04:02.000 --> 01:04:04.470 align:start position:0% eclipse passed. And the baseline of installed<01:04:02.480> solar<01:04:02.880> capacity<01:04:03.200> in<01:04:03.440> Spain<01:04:03.760> is<01:04:04.079> far 01:04:04.470 --> 01:04:04.480 align:start position:0% installed solar capacity in Spain is far 01:04:04.480 --> 01:04:07.190 align:start position:0% installed solar capacity in Spain is far higher<01:04:04.960> than<01:04:05.200> that<01:04:05.440> of<01:04:05.599> Germany<01:04:05.920> in<01:04:06.160> 2015. 01:04:07.190 --> 01:04:07.200 align:start position:0% higher than that of Germany in 2015. 01:04:07.200 --> 01:04:08.950 align:start position:0% higher than that of Germany in 2015. Today's<01:04:07.520> eclipse<01:04:08.000> won't<01:04:08.319> just<01:04:08.480> be<01:04:08.720> about 01:04:08.950 --> 01:04:08.960 align:start position:0% Today's eclipse won't just be about 01:04:08.960 --> 01:04:11.029 align:start position:0% Today's eclipse won't just be about astrophysics.<01:04:10.079> Scientists<01:04:10.559> will<01:04:10.799> be 01:04:11.029 --> 01:04:11.039 align:start position:0% astrophysics. Scientists will be 01:04:11.039 --> 01:04:13.270 align:start position:0% astrophysics. Scientists will be carefully<01:04:11.520> gathering<01:04:12.079> crucial<01:04:12.559> data<01:04:12.880> on<01:04:13.039> the 01:04:13.270 --> 01:04:13.280 align:start position:0% carefully gathering crucial data on the 01:04:13.280 --> 01:04:15.430 align:start position:0% carefully gathering crucial data on the electricity<01:04:13.920> network<01:04:14.319> here<01:04:14.559> in<01:04:14.720> Spain, 01:04:15.430 --> 01:04:15.440 align:start position:0% electricity network here in Spain, 01:04:15.440 --> 01:04:17.510 align:start position:0% electricity network here in Spain, hoping<01:04:15.760> to<01:04:15.920> gain<01:04:16.160> insight<01:04:16.559> into<01:04:16.880> how<01:04:17.200> national 01:04:17.510 --> 01:04:17.520 align:start position:0% hoping to gain insight into how national 01:04:17.520 --> 01:04:19.670 align:start position:0% hoping to gain insight into how national grids<01:04:17.920> can<01:04:18.079> dynamically<01:04:18.720> respond<01:04:19.039> to<01:04:19.280> fast 01:04:19.670 --> 01:04:19.680 align:start position:0% grids can dynamically respond to fast 01:04:19.680 --> 01:04:22.230 align:start position:0% grids can dynamically respond to fast changes<01:04:20.000> in<01:04:20.319> electricity<01:04:20.880> supply<01:04:21.359> in<01:04:21.599> future 01:04:22.230 --> 01:04:22.240 align:start position:0% changes in electricity supply in future 01:04:22.240 --> 01:10:04.550 align:start position:0% changes in electricity supply in future and<01:04:22.480> protect<01:04:22.880> vital<01:04:23.359> power<01:04:23.680> supplies. 01:10:04.550 --> 01:10:04.560 align:start position:0% 01:10:04.560 --> 01:10:06.870 align:start position:0% 90%<01:10:05.199> of<01:10:05.280> the<01:10:05.440> sun<01:10:05.679> is<01:10:05.920> now<01:10:06.159> hidden<01:10:06.480> by<01:10:06.719> the 01:10:06.870 --> 01:10:06.880 align:start position:0% 90% of the sun is now hidden by the 01:10:06.880 --> 01:10:09.270 align:start position:0% 90% of the sun is now hidden by the moon's<01:10:07.280> disc,<01:10:07.840> and<01:10:08.080> things<01:10:08.400> are<01:10:08.719> starting<01:10:09.040> to 01:10:09.270 --> 01:10:09.280 align:start position:0% moon's disc, and things are starting to 01:10:09.280 --> 01:10:12.229 align:start position:0% moon's disc, and things are starting to look<01:10:09.600> pretty<01:10:09.920> dark<01:10:10.239> here<01:10:10.400> in<01:10:10.640> Spain.<01:10:11.520> I<01:10:11.920> can't 01:10:12.229 --> 01:10:12.239 align:start position:0% look pretty dark here in Spain. I can't 01:10:12.239 --> 01:10:15.350 align:start position:0% look pretty dark here in Spain. I can't wait<01:10:12.400> to<01:10:12.640> see<01:10:12.800> the<01:10:12.960> corona.<01:10:14.000> We<01:10:14.320> have<01:10:14.719> so<01:10:15.040> much 01:10:15.350 --> 01:10:15.360 align:start position:0% wait to see the corona. We have so much 01:10:15.360 --> 01:10:17.430 align:start position:0% wait to see the corona. We have so much technology<01:10:15.920> studying<01:10:16.320> this<01:10:16.560> eclipse<01:10:16.880> today. 01:10:17.430 --> 01:10:17.440 align:start position:0% technology studying this eclipse today. 01:10:17.440 --> 01:10:18.950 align:start position:0% technology studying this eclipse today. It's<01:10:17.679> hard<01:10:17.840> to<01:10:18.000> imagine<01:10:18.320> a<01:10:18.560> time<01:10:18.640> when 01:10:18.950 --> 01:10:18.960 align:start position:0% It's hard to imagine a time when 01:10:18.960 --> 01:10:21.030 align:start position:0% It's hard to imagine a time when scientists<01:10:19.440> didn't<01:10:19.760> have<01:10:20.000> an<01:10:20.239> army<01:10:20.480> of<01:10:20.640> probes 01:10:21.030 --> 01:10:21.040 align:start position:0% scientists didn't have an army of probes 01:10:21.040 --> 01:10:23.110 align:start position:0% scientists didn't have an army of probes and<01:10:21.199> telescopes<01:10:21.679> to<01:10:21.840> point<01:10:22.000> at<01:10:22.159> the<01:10:22.320> sun.<01:10:22.880> But 01:10:23.110 --> 01:10:23.120 align:start position:0% and telescopes to point at the sun. But 01:10:23.120 --> 01:10:25.590 align:start position:0% and telescopes to point at the sun. But eclipses<01:10:23.679> past<01:10:24.239> have<01:10:24.480> still<01:10:24.719> given<01:10:24.960> us<01:10:25.199> vital 01:10:25.590 --> 01:10:25.600 align:start position:0% eclipses past have still given us vital 01:10:25.600 --> 01:10:27.830 align:start position:0% eclipses past have still given us vital information<01:10:26.000> about<01:10:26.320> the<01:10:26.480> cosmos.<01:10:27.360> None<01:10:27.600> more 01:10:27.830 --> 01:10:27.840 align:start position:0% information about the cosmos. None more 01:10:27.840 --> 01:10:30.790 align:start position:0% information about the cosmos. None more so<01:10:28.000> than<01:10:28.239> the<01:10:28.400> eclipse<01:10:28.880> of<01:10:29.280> 1919. 01:10:30.790 --> 01:10:30.800 align:start position:0% so than the eclipse of 1919. 01:10:30.800 --> 01:10:32.950 align:start position:0% so than the eclipse of 1919. That<01:10:31.040> year,<01:10:31.360> British<01:10:31.760> astronomers<01:10:32.560> Arthur 01:10:32.950 --> 01:10:32.960 align:start position:0% That year, British astronomers Arthur 01:10:32.960 --> 01:10:35.590 align:start position:0% That year, British astronomers Arthur Edington<01:10:33.520> and<01:10:33.840> Frank<01:10:34.159> Dyson<01:10:34.960> organized 01:10:35.590 --> 01:10:35.600 align:start position:0% Edington and Frank Dyson organized 01:10:35.600 --> 01:10:37.830 align:start position:0% Edington and Frank Dyson organized expeditions<01:10:36.239> to<01:10:36.480> the<01:10:36.719> West<01:10:36.960> African<01:10:37.520> island 01:10:37.830 --> 01:10:37.840 align:start position:0% expeditions to the West African island 01:10:37.840 --> 01:10:41.110 align:start position:0% expeditions to the West African island of<01:10:38.080> Principe<01:10:39.040> and<01:10:39.280> the<01:10:39.440> town<01:10:39.760> of<01:10:40.159> Sorrell<01:10:40.880> in 01:10:41.110 --> 01:10:41.120 align:start position:0% of Principe and the town of Sorrell in 01:10:41.120 --> 01:10:43.590 align:start position:0% of Principe and the town of Sorrell in Brazil.<01:10:42.080> They<01:10:42.400> studied<01:10:42.719> the<01:10:42.960> light<01:10:43.360> coming 01:10:43.590 --> 01:10:43.600 align:start position:0% Brazil. They studied the light coming 01:10:43.600 --> 01:10:45.510 align:start position:0% Brazil. They studied the light coming from<01:10:43.920> stars<01:10:44.320> close<01:10:44.560> to<01:10:44.719> the<01:10:44.880> sun<01:10:45.199> during 01:10:45.510 --> 01:10:45.520 align:start position:0% from stars close to the sun during 01:10:45.520 --> 01:10:47.830 align:start position:0% from stars close to the sun during totality<01:10:46.480> and<01:10:46.719> proved<01:10:46.960> that<01:10:47.120> their<01:10:47.360> starlight 01:10:47.830 --> 01:10:47.840 align:start position:0% totality and proved that their starlight 01:10:47.840 --> 01:10:50.870 align:start position:0% totality and proved that their starlight was<01:10:48.080> deflected<01:10:48.560> by<01:10:48.719> the<01:10:48.960> sun<01:10:49.520> a<01:10:49.840> tiny<01:10:50.239> amount 01:10:50.870 --> 01:10:50.880 align:start position:0% was deflected by the sun a tiny amount 01:10:50.880 --> 01:10:53.750 align:start position:0% was deflected by the sun a tiny amount but<01:10:51.280> enough<01:10:51.520> to<01:10:51.760> be<01:10:51.920> measured.<01:10:52.960> This<01:10:53.360> matched 01:10:53.750 --> 01:10:53.760 align:start position:0% but enough to be measured. This matched 01:10:53.760 --> 01:10:56.070 align:start position:0% but enough to be measured. This matched a<01:10:54.080> major<01:10:54.480> prediction<01:10:54.960> made<01:10:55.120> by<01:10:55.360> Einstein<01:10:55.840> in 01:10:56.070 --> 01:10:56.080 align:start position:0% a major prediction made by Einstein in 01:10:56.080 --> 01:10:58.630 align:start position:0% a major prediction made by Einstein in his<01:10:56.320> general<01:10:56.640> theory<01:10:57.040> of<01:10:57.199> relativity<01:10:58.159> and<01:10:58.400> the 01:10:58.630 --> 01:10:58.640 align:start position:0% his general theory of relativity and the 01:10:58.640 --> 01:11:00.390 align:start position:0% his general theory of relativity and the resulting<01:10:59.040> newspaper<01:10:59.679> coverage<01:11:00.159> made 01:11:00.390 --> 01:11:00.400 align:start position:0% resulting newspaper coverage made 01:11:00.400 --> 01:11:03.510 align:start position:0% resulting newspaper coverage made Einstein<01:11:01.120> a<01:11:01.440> worldwide<01:11:02.080> celebrity.<01:11:03.120> I'm<01:11:03.360> not 01:11:03.510 --> 01:11:03.520 align:start position:0% Einstein a worldwide celebrity. I'm not 01:11:03.520 --> 01:11:05.110 align:start position:0% Einstein a worldwide celebrity. I'm not sure<01:11:03.679> any<01:11:03.920> of<01:11:04.000> the<01:11:04.080> science<01:11:04.480> being<01:11:04.640> done<01:11:04.800> today 01:11:05.110 --> 01:11:05.120 align:start position:0% sure any of the science being done today 01:11:05.120 --> 01:11:07.030 align:start position:0% sure any of the science being done today will<01:11:05.360> have<01:11:05.600> quite<01:11:05.920> the<01:11:06.159> same<01:11:06.320> effect<01:11:06.640> for<01:11:06.800> his 01:11:07.030 --> 01:11:07.040 align:start position:0% will have quite the same effect for his 01:11:07.040 --> 01:11:09.110 align:start position:0% will have quite the same effect for his authors,<01:11:07.760> but<01:11:08.000> there<01:11:08.159> is<01:11:08.320> still<01:11:08.480> plenty<01:11:08.880> to 01:11:09.110 --> 01:11:09.120 align:start position:0% authors, but there is still plenty to 01:11:09.120 --> 01:11:10.630 align:start position:0% authors, but there is still plenty to learn<01:11:09.360> about<01:11:09.679> our<01:11:09.920> star<01:11:10.239> from<01:11:10.400> this 01:11:10.630 --> 01:11:10.640 align:start position:0% learn about our star from this 01:11:10.640 --> 01:12:59.510 align:start position:0% learn about our star from this breathtaking<01:11:11.360> natural<01:11:11.840> show. 01:12:59.510 --> 01:12:59.520 align:start position:0% 01:12:59.520 --> 01:13:01.990 align:start position:0% as<01:12:59.920> totality<01:13:00.640> approaches.<01:13:01.360> The<01:13:01.600> remaining 01:13:01.990 --> 01:13:02.000 align:start position:0% as totality approaches. The remaining 01:13:02.000 --> 01:13:04.390 align:start position:0% as totality approaches. The remaining cresant<01:13:02.320> of<01:13:02.560> light<01:13:02.800> is<01:13:03.040> becoming<01:13:03.440> thinner<01:13:04.159> and 01:13:04.390 --> 01:13:04.400 align:start position:0% cresant of light is becoming thinner and 01:13:04.400 --> 01:13:07.189 align:start position:0% cresant of light is becoming thinner and thinner.<01:13:05.440> But<01:13:05.679> watch,<01:13:06.480> it<01:13:06.719> will<01:13:06.880> not 01:13:07.189 --> 01:13:07.199 align:start position:0% thinner. But watch, it will not 01:13:07.199 --> 01:13:10.390 align:start position:0% thinner. But watch, it will not disappear<01:13:07.840> in<01:13:08.159> one<01:13:08.480> smooth<01:13:08.960> line.<01:13:09.920> The<01:13:10.159> edge 01:13:10.390 --> 01:13:10.400 align:start position:0% disappear in one smooth line. The edge 01:13:10.400 --> 01:13:12.390 align:start position:0% disappear in one smooth line. The edge of<01:13:10.480> the<01:13:10.560> moon<01:13:10.880> cutting<01:13:11.199> across<01:13:11.440> the<01:13:11.600> sun<01:13:11.920> isn't 01:13:12.390 --> 01:13:12.400 align:start position:0% of the moon cutting across the sun isn't 01:13:12.400 --> 01:13:14.950 align:start position:0% of the moon cutting across the sun isn't a<01:13:12.640> perfectly<01:13:13.120> smooth<01:13:13.440> arc.<01:13:14.159> The<01:13:14.320> moon<01:13:14.640> has 01:13:14.950 --> 01:13:14.960 align:start position:0% a perfectly smooth arc. The moon has 01:13:14.960 --> 01:13:17.430 align:start position:0% a perfectly smooth arc. The moon has mountains,<01:13:15.840> crater<01:13:16.239> rims,<01:13:16.640> and<01:13:16.880> valleys<01:13:17.280> on 01:13:17.430 --> 01:13:17.440 align:start position:0% mountains, crater rims, and valleys on 01:13:17.440 --> 01:13:19.990 align:start position:0% mountains, crater rims, and valleys on its<01:13:17.679> surface.<01:13:18.560> And<01:13:18.719> thanks<01:13:18.960> to<01:13:19.280> topographic 01:13:19.990 --> 01:13:20.000 align:start position:0% its surface. And thanks to topographic 01:13:20.000 --> 01:13:21.910 align:start position:0% its surface. And thanks to topographic data<01:13:20.320> from<01:13:20.560> NASA's<01:13:20.960> Lunar<01:13:21.360> Reconnaissance 01:13:21.910 --> 01:13:21.920 align:start position:0% data from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance 01:13:21.920 --> 01:13:24.390 align:start position:0% data from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter,<01:13:22.719> scientists<01:13:23.280> can<01:13:23.440> now<01:13:23.760> map<01:13:24.000> these 01:13:24.390 --> 01:13:24.400 align:start position:0% Orbiter, scientists can now map these 01:13:24.400 --> 01:13:27.990 align:start position:0% Orbiter, scientists can now map these exact<01:13:24.719> peaks<01:13:25.360> in<01:13:25.760> 3D.<01:13:26.880> Using<01:13:27.199> those<01:13:27.520> maps,<01:13:27.840> we 01:13:27.990 --> 01:13:28.000 align:start position:0% exact peaks in 3D. Using those maps, we 01:13:28.000 --> 01:13:29.910 align:start position:0% exact peaks in 3D. Using those maps, we can<01:13:28.159> predict<01:13:28.480> down<01:13:28.640> to<01:13:28.800> the<01:13:29.040> millisecond 01:13:29.910 --> 01:13:29.920 align:start position:0% can predict down to the millisecond 01:13:29.920 --> 01:13:31.830 align:start position:0% can predict down to the millisecond precisely<01:13:30.560> where<01:13:30.880> sunlight<01:13:31.360> will<01:13:31.520> shine 01:13:31.830 --> 01:13:31.840 align:start position:0% precisely where sunlight will shine 01:13:31.840 --> 01:13:33.430 align:start position:0% precisely where sunlight will shine through<01:13:32.000> the<01:13:32.159> lunar<01:13:32.480> valleys<01:13:32.960> during<01:13:33.199> the 01:13:33.430 --> 01:13:33.440 align:start position:0% through the lunar valleys during the 01:13:33.440 --> 01:13:36.229 align:start position:0% through the lunar valleys during the moment<01:13:33.840> surrounding<01:13:34.400> totality.<01:13:35.600> From<01:13:35.840> Earth, 01:13:36.229 --> 01:13:36.239 align:start position:0% moment surrounding totality. From Earth, 01:13:36.239 --> 01:13:38.070 align:start position:0% moment surrounding totality. From Earth, these<01:13:36.480> appear<01:13:36.719> as<01:13:37.040> points<01:13:37.280> of<01:13:37.440> light<01:13:37.760> along 01:13:38.070 --> 01:13:38.080 align:start position:0% these appear as points of light along 01:13:38.080 --> 01:13:40.310 align:start position:0% these appear as points of light along the<01:13:38.239> moon's<01:13:38.560> surface.<01:13:39.280> This<01:13:39.520> phenomenon<01:13:40.080> is 01:13:40.310 --> 01:13:40.320 align:start position:0% the moon's surface. This phenomenon is 01:13:40.320 --> 01:13:43.350 align:start position:0% the moon's surface. This phenomenon is known<01:13:40.640> as<01:13:41.040> Bailey's<01:13:41.679> beads.<01:13:42.719> They<01:13:42.960> take<01:13:43.120> their 01:13:43.350 --> 01:13:43.360 align:start position:0% known as Bailey's beads. They take their 01:13:43.360 --> 01:13:45.270 align:start position:0% known as Bailey's beads. They take their name<01:13:43.520> from<01:13:43.920> English<01:13:44.239> astronomer<01:13:44.800> Francis 01:13:45.270 --> 01:13:45.280 align:start position:0% name from English astronomer Francis 01:13:45.280 --> 01:13:47.750 align:start position:0% name from English astronomer Francis Bailey<01:13:46.000> who<01:13:46.239> observed<01:13:46.640> an<01:13:46.880> annular<01:13:47.360> eclipse 01:13:47.750 --> 01:13:47.760 align:start position:0% Bailey who observed an annular eclipse 01:13:47.760 --> 01:13:50.709 align:start position:0% Bailey who observed an annular eclipse from<01:13:47.920> Scotland<01:13:48.400> in<01:13:48.719> 1836<01:13:49.920> and<01:13:50.159> recorded<01:13:50.560> the 01:13:50.709 --> 01:13:50.719 align:start position:0% from Scotland in 1836 and recorded the 01:13:50.719 --> 01:13:53.669 align:start position:0% from Scotland in 1836 and recorded the spectacle<01:13:51.280> in<01:13:51.600> vivid<01:13:52.000> detail.<01:13:52.880> Although<01:13:53.360> they 01:13:53.669 --> 01:13:53.679 align:start position:0% spectacle in vivid detail. Although they 01:13:53.679 --> 01:13:55.910 align:start position:0% spectacle in vivid detail. Although they were<01:13:53.920> actually<01:13:54.239> first<01:13:54.560> recorded<01:13:55.040> by<01:13:55.360> Edmund 01:13:55.910 --> 01:13:55.920 align:start position:0% were actually first recorded by Edmund 01:13:55.920 --> 01:14:00.790 align:start position:0% were actually first recorded by Edmund Halley<01:13:56.560> of<01:13:56.960> comet<01:13:57.360> fame<01:13:57.840> as<01:13:58.080> early<01:13:58.400> as<01:13:58.800> 1715. 01:14:00.790 --> 01:14:00.800 align:start position:0% Halley of comet fame as early as 1715. 01:14:00.800 --> 01:14:04.630 align:start position:0% Halley of comet fame as early as 1715. And<01:14:01.520> we<01:14:01.840> get<01:14:02.080> one<01:14:02.719> final<01:14:03.679> brilliant<01:14:04.159> flash<01:14:04.480> of 01:14:04.630 --> 01:14:04.640 align:start position:0% And we get one final brilliant flash of 01:14:04.640 --> 01:14:22.550 align:start position:0% And we get one final brilliant flash of light<01:14:05.040> before<01:14:05.520> totality,<01:14:06.719> the<01:14:06.960> diamond<01:14:07.440> ring. 01:14:22.550 --> 01:14:22.560 align:start position:0% 01:14:22.560 --> 01:14:25.430 align:start position:0% And<01:14:22.800> that<01:14:23.199> is<01:14:23.520> totality.<01:14:24.640> You<01:14:24.880> can<01:14:24.960> see<01:14:25.199> around 01:14:25.430 --> 01:14:25.440 align:start position:0% And that is totality. You can see around 01:14:25.440 --> 01:14:27.830 align:start position:0% And that is totality. You can see around the<01:14:25.679> outside<01:14:26.000> of<01:14:26.159> the<01:14:26.320> moon's<01:14:26.640> disc.<01:14:26.960> Here<01:14:27.600> we 01:14:27.830 --> 01:14:27.840 align:start position:0% the outside of the moon's disc. Here we 01:14:27.840 --> 01:14:29.350 align:start position:0% the outside of the moon's disc. Here we have<01:14:28.000> a<01:14:28.239> stunning<01:14:28.640> view<01:14:28.800> of<01:14:28.880> the<01:14:29.040> sun's 01:14:29.350 --> 01:14:29.360 align:start position:0% have a stunning view of the sun's 01:14:29.360 --> 01:14:31.350 align:start position:0% have a stunning view of the sun's corona.<01:14:30.159> You<01:14:30.320> are<01:14:30.480> now<01:14:30.719> looking<01:14:30.960> at 01:14:31.350 --> 01:14:31.360 align:start position:0% corona. You are now looking at 01:14:31.360 --> 01:14:33.830 align:start position:0% corona. You are now looking at superheated<01:14:32.239> plasma<01:14:32.719> that's<01:14:33.040> trapped<01:14:33.440> along 01:14:33.830 --> 01:14:33.840 align:start position:0% superheated plasma that's trapped along 01:14:33.840 --> 01:14:35.830 align:start position:0% superheated plasma that's trapped along the<01:14:34.080> sun's<01:14:34.400> magnetic<01:14:34.880> field<01:14:35.120> lines 01:14:35.830 --> 01:14:35.840 align:start position:0% the sun's magnetic field lines 01:14:35.840 --> 01:14:37.990 align:start position:0% the sun's magnetic field lines stretching<01:14:36.480> millions<01:14:36.880> of<01:14:37.120> kilometers<01:14:37.600> into 01:14:37.990 --> 01:14:38.000 align:start position:0% stretching millions of kilometers into 01:14:38.000 --> 01:14:40.470 align:start position:0% stretching millions of kilometers into space.<01:14:38.880> Right<01:14:39.120> down<01:14:39.360> near<01:14:39.600> the<01:14:39.760> sun's<01:14:40.000> surface 01:14:40.470 --> 01:14:40.480 align:start position:0% space. Right down near the sun's surface 01:14:40.480 --> 01:14:42.950 align:start position:0% space. Right down near the sun's surface where<01:14:40.719> the<01:14:40.960> edge<01:14:41.199> of<01:14:41.280> the<01:14:41.440> moon<01:14:41.679> is,<01:14:42.320> you<01:14:42.560> might 01:14:42.950 --> 01:14:42.960 align:start position:0% where the edge of the moon is, you might 01:14:42.960 --> 01:14:45.590 align:start position:0% where the edge of the moon is, you might even<01:14:43.360> see<01:14:43.760> reddish<01:14:44.159> loops.<01:14:44.880> These<01:14:45.120> are<01:14:45.280> solar 01:14:45.590 --> 01:14:45.600 align:start position:0% even see reddish loops. These are solar 01:14:45.600 --> 01:14:48.070 align:start position:0% even see reddish loops. These are solar prominences,<01:14:46.560> dense<01:14:46.960> clouds<01:14:47.360> of<01:14:47.679> cooler 01:14:48.070 --> 01:14:48.080 align:start position:0% prominences, dense clouds of cooler 01:14:48.080 --> 01:14:50.550 align:start position:0% prominences, dense clouds of cooler hydrogen<01:14:48.560> gas<01:14:48.880> that<01:14:49.120> are<01:14:49.280> held<01:14:49.520> up<01:14:49.760> by<01:14:50.000> intense 01:14:50.550 --> 01:14:50.560 align:start position:0% hydrogen gas that are held up by intense 01:14:50.560 --> 01:14:53.189 align:start position:0% hydrogen gas that are held up by intense magnetic<01:14:51.040> fields.<01:14:51.840> They<01:14:52.080> are<01:14:52.320> always<01:14:52.640> there, 01:14:53.189 --> 01:14:53.199 align:start position:0% magnetic fields. They are always there, 01:14:53.199 --> 01:14:54.950 align:start position:0% magnetic fields. They are always there, but<01:14:53.440> we<01:14:53.679> can't<01:14:53.840> usually<01:14:54.159> see<01:14:54.320> them<01:14:54.560> over<01:14:54.800> the 01:14:54.950 --> 01:14:54.960 align:start position:0% but we can't usually see them over the 01:14:54.960 --> 01:14:57.590 align:start position:0% but we can't usually see them over the intense<01:14:55.440> glare<01:14:55.840> of<01:14:56.000> the<01:14:56.159> sun<01:14:56.400> itself.<01:14:57.120> What<01:14:57.360> a 01:14:57.590 --> 01:14:57.600 align:start position:0% intense glare of the sun itself. What a 01:14:57.600 --> 01:15:09.590 align:start position:0% intense glare of the sun itself. What a treat<01:14:57.840> it<01:14:58.159> is<01:14:58.400> to<01:14:58.640> see<01:14:58.880> them<01:14:59.120> now. 01:15:09.590 --> 01:15:09.600 align:start position:0% 01:15:09.600 --> 01:15:12.870 align:start position:0% Now<01:15:09.920> we're<01:15:10.239> at<01:15:10.880> maximum<01:15:11.600> eclipse.<01:15:12.560> This<01:15:12.719> is 01:15:12.870 --> 01:15:12.880 align:start position:0% Now we're at maximum eclipse. This is 01:15:12.880 --> 01:15:15.189 align:start position:0% Now we're at maximum eclipse. This is the<01:15:13.199> best<01:15:13.600> possible<01:15:14.080> opportunity<01:15:14.719> scientists 01:15:15.189 --> 01:15:15.199 align:start position:0% the best possible opportunity scientists 01:15:15.199 --> 01:15:17.189 align:start position:0% the best possible opportunity scientists have<01:15:15.440> to<01:15:15.679> observe<01:15:16.000> the<01:15:16.239> corona<01:15:16.719> in<01:15:16.960> its 01:15:17.189 --> 01:15:17.199 align:start position:0% have to observe the corona in its 01:15:17.199 --> 01:15:19.590 align:start position:0% have to observe the corona in its entirety,<01:15:18.239> analyze<01:15:18.719> its<01:15:18.960> small-cale 01:15:19.590 --> 01:15:19.600 align:start position:0% entirety, analyze its small-cale 01:15:19.600 --> 01:15:21.669 align:start position:0% entirety, analyze its small-cale structure,<01:15:20.400> and<01:15:20.640> study<01:15:21.040> the<01:15:21.280> light 01:15:21.669 --> 01:15:21.679 align:start position:0% structure, and study the light 01:15:21.679 --> 01:15:23.990 align:start position:0% structure, and study the light distribution<01:15:22.239> within.<01:15:23.040> This<01:15:23.280> corona<01:15:23.760> is 01:15:23.990 --> 01:15:24.000 align:start position:0% distribution within. This corona is 01:15:24.000 --> 01:15:25.590 align:start position:0% distribution within. This corona is still<01:15:24.159> something<01:15:24.560> of<01:15:24.800> an<01:15:24.880> enigma<01:15:25.440> to 01:15:25.590 --> 01:15:25.600 align:start position:0% still something of an enigma to 01:15:25.600 --> 01:15:27.910 align:start position:0% still something of an enigma to scientists.<01:15:26.400> The<01:15:26.560> sun's<01:15:26.880> surface<01:15:27.199> is<01:15:27.440> around 01:15:27.910 --> 01:15:27.920 align:start position:0% scientists. The sun's surface is around 01:15:27.920 --> 01:15:29.430 align:start position:0% scientists. The sun's surface is around 5,500° 01:15:29.430 --> 01:15:29.440 align:start position:0% 5,500° 01:15:29.440 --> 01:15:32.229 align:start position:0% 5,500° C,<01:15:30.000> but<01:15:30.239> the<01:15:30.400> corona<01:15:31.040> can<01:15:31.280> reach<01:15:31.520> up<01:15:31.679> to<01:15:31.840> 10 01:15:32.229 --> 01:15:32.239 align:start position:0% C, but the corona can reach up to 10 01:15:32.239 --> 01:15:35.430 align:start position:0% C, but the corona can reach up to 10 million°.<01:15:33.520> How<01:15:33.679> it<01:15:33.920> can<01:15:34.080> be<01:15:34.320> so<01:15:34.640> much<01:15:34.800> warmer 01:15:35.430 --> 01:15:35.440 align:start position:0% million°. How it can be so much warmer 01:15:35.440 --> 01:15:37.189 align:start position:0% million°. How it can be so much warmer remains<01:15:35.840> one<01:15:36.080> of<01:15:36.159> the<01:15:36.320> most<01:15:36.560> elusive 01:15:37.189 --> 01:15:37.199 align:start position:0% remains one of the most elusive 01:15:37.199 --> 01:15:39.590 align:start position:0% remains one of the most elusive questions<01:15:37.600> in<01:15:37.920> solar<01:15:38.320> physics.<01:15:39.199> But<01:15:39.360> each 01:15:39.590 --> 01:15:39.600 align:start position:0% questions in solar physics. But each 01:15:39.600 --> 01:15:41.750 align:start position:0% questions in solar physics. But each eclipse<01:15:40.000> we<01:15:40.239> study<01:15:40.719> brings<01:15:41.040> us<01:15:41.280> one<01:15:41.520> step 01:15:41.750 --> 01:15:41.760 align:start position:0% eclipse we study brings us one step 01:15:41.760 --> 01:15:57.590 align:start position:0% eclipse we study brings us one step closer<01:15:42.159> to<01:15:42.320> the<01:15:42.480> answer. 01:15:57.590 --> 01:15:57.600 align:start position:0% 01:15:57.600 --> 01:16:00.630 align:start position:0% So,<01:15:58.080> now<01:15:58.320> we<01:15:58.640> have<01:15:59.120> third<01:15:59.520> contact.<01:16:00.480> The 01:16:00.630 --> 01:16:00.640 align:start position:0% So, now we have third contact. The 01:16:00.640 --> 01:16:02.790 align:start position:0% So, now we have third contact. The corona<01:16:01.120> is<01:16:01.360> fading<01:16:01.760> and<01:16:02.000> the<01:16:02.239> crescent<01:16:02.560> of<01:16:02.640> the 01:16:02.790 --> 01:16:02.800 align:start position:0% corona is fading and the crescent of the 01:16:02.800 --> 01:16:05.830 align:start position:0% corona is fading and the crescent of the sun<01:16:03.120> is<01:16:03.360> becoming<01:16:03.840> visible<01:16:04.400> once<01:16:04.719> again.<01:16:05.520> That 01:16:05.830 --> 01:16:05.840 align:start position:0% sun is becoming visible once again. That 01:16:05.840 --> 01:16:08.630 align:start position:0% sun is becoming visible once again. That was<01:16:06.320> stunning.<01:16:06.960> I'm<01:16:07.280> sure<01:16:07.440> you<01:16:07.600> all<01:16:07.840> agree. 01:16:08.630 --> 01:16:08.640 align:start position:0% was stunning. I'm sure you all agree. 01:16:08.640 --> 01:16:10.229 align:start position:0% was stunning. I'm sure you all agree. But<01:16:08.800> this<01:16:08.960> is<01:16:09.120> more<01:16:09.360> than<01:16:09.520> just<01:16:09.679> a<01:16:09.840> spectacle 01:16:10.229 --> 01:16:10.239 align:start position:0% But this is more than just a spectacle 01:16:10.239 --> 01:16:12.149 align:start position:0% But this is more than just a spectacle for<01:16:10.480> you<01:16:10.640> and<01:16:10.800> me.<01:16:11.199> This<01:16:11.360> has<01:16:11.600> been<01:16:11.920> an 01:16:12.149 --> 01:16:12.159 align:start position:0% for you and me. This has been an 01:16:12.159 --> 01:16:14.310 align:start position:0% for you and me. This has been an important<01:16:12.800> and<01:16:13.120> rare<01:16:13.520> chance<01:16:13.679> for<01:16:13.920> scientists 01:16:14.310 --> 01:16:14.320 align:start position:0% important and rare chance for scientists 01:16:14.320 --> 01:16:17.189 align:start position:0% important and rare chance for scientists to<01:16:14.560> study<01:16:14.960> our<01:16:15.280> sun,<01:16:15.920> its<01:16:16.159> corona,<01:16:16.960> our 01:16:17.189 --> 01:16:17.199 align:start position:0% to study our sun, its corona, our 01:16:17.199 --> 01:16:20.310 align:start position:0% to study our sun, its corona, our atmosphere,<01:16:18.080> and<01:16:18.320> even<01:16:18.640> our<01:16:18.960> power<01:16:19.280> grids.<01:16:19.920> I 01:16:20.310 --> 01:16:20.320 align:start position:0% atmosphere, and even our power grids. I 01:16:20.320 --> 01:16:22.229 align:start position:0% atmosphere, and even our power grids. I can't<01:16:20.640> wait<01:16:20.880> for<01:16:21.040> the<01:16:21.199> next<01:16:21.360> eclipse,<01:16:21.840> and<01:16:22.080> I 01:16:22.229 --> 01:16:22.239 align:start position:0% can't wait for the next eclipse, and I 01:16:22.239 --> 01:16:23.990 align:start position:0% can't wait for the next eclipse, and I won't<01:16:22.480> have<01:16:22.560> to<01:16:22.719> wait<01:16:22.960> long.<01:16:23.520> There<01:16:23.760> will<01:16:23.920> be 01:16:23.990 --> 01:16:24.000 align:start position:0% won't have to wait long. There will be 01:16:24.000 --> 01:16:26.310 align:start position:0% won't have to wait long. There will be one<01:16:24.320> on<01:16:24.560> the<01:16:24.719> 2nd<01:16:24.960> of<01:16:25.199> August<01:16:25.679> next<01:16:26.000> year 01:16:26.310 --> 01:16:26.320 align:start position:0% one on the 2nd of August next year 01:16:26.320 --> 01:16:28.709 align:start position:0% one on the 2nd of August next year covering<01:16:26.880> Spain,<01:16:27.520> Gibralta,<01:16:28.320> Northern 01:16:28.709 --> 01:16:28.719 align:start position:0% covering Spain, Gibralta, Northern 01:16:28.719 --> 01:16:31.030 align:start position:0% covering Spain, Gibralta, Northern Africa,<01:16:29.120> and<01:16:29.360> the<01:16:29.520> Middle<01:16:29.840> East.<01:16:30.560> And<01:16:30.800> next 01:16:31.030 --> 01:16:31.040 align:start position:0% Africa, and the Middle East. And next 01:16:31.040 --> 01:16:33.910 align:start position:0% Africa, and the Middle East. And next year,<01:16:31.600> totality<01:16:32.239> will<01:16:32.480> be<01:16:32.640> as<01:16:32.800> much<01:16:33.040> as<01:16:33.440> 6 01:16:33.910 --> 01:16:33.920 align:start position:0% year, totality will be as much as 6 01:16:33.920 --> 01:16:36.950 align:start position:0% year, totality will be as much as 6 minutes<01:16:34.400> and<01:16:34.640> 22<01:16:35.199> seconds,<01:16:36.080> four<01:16:36.400> times<01:16:36.719> as 01:16:36.950 --> 01:16:36.960 align:start position:0% minutes and 22 seconds, four times as 01:16:36.960 --> 01:16:38.950 align:start position:0% minutes and 22 seconds, four times as long<01:16:37.120> as<01:16:37.360> we<01:16:37.520> just<01:16:37.679> witnessed<01:16:38.080> here.<01:16:38.640> That'll 01:16:38.950 --> 01:16:38.960 align:start position:0% long as we just witnessed here. That'll 01:16:38.960 --> 01:16:41.270 align:start position:0% long as we just witnessed here. That'll be<01:16:39.120> thanks<01:16:39.360> to<01:16:39.600> another<01:16:40.080> lucky<01:16:40.480> alignment<01:16:40.960> of 01:16:41.270 --> 01:16:41.280 align:start position:0% be thanks to another lucky alignment of 01:16:41.280 --> 01:16:43.510 align:start position:0% be thanks to another lucky alignment of not<01:16:41.520> only<01:16:41.679> the<01:16:41.920> moon<01:16:42.239> being<01:16:42.480> close<01:16:42.719> to<01:16:42.880> Earth, 01:16:43.510 --> 01:16:43.520 align:start position:0% not only the moon being close to Earth, 01:16:43.520 --> 01:16:46.470 align:start position:0% not only the moon being close to Earth, but<01:16:43.840> Earth<01:16:44.320> being<01:16:44.640> far<01:16:44.960> from<01:16:45.199> the<01:16:45.360> sun.<01:16:46.239> We'll 01:16:46.470 --> 01:16:46.480 align:start position:0% but Earth being far from the sun. We'll 01:16:46.480 --> 01:17:18.550 align:start position:0% but Earth being far from the sun. We'll save<01:16:46.719> more<01:16:46.880> on<01:16:47.120> that<01:16:47.440> for<01:16:47.760> next<01:16:48.000> year. 01:17:18.550 --> 01:17:18.560 align:start position:0% 01:17:18.560 --> 01:17:21.350 align:start position:0% So<01:17:18.880> with<01:17:19.280> totality<01:17:20.000> over.<01:17:20.560> I'll<01:17:20.800> leave<01:17:20.960> you<01:17:21.120> to 01:17:21.350 --> 01:17:21.360 align:start position:0% So with totality over. I'll leave you to 01:17:21.360 --> 01:17:23.270 align:start position:0% So with totality over. I'll leave you to enjoy<01:17:21.679> the<01:17:21.920> rest<01:17:22.080> of<01:17:22.159> the<01:17:22.400> spectacle<01:17:22.880> as<01:17:23.120> the 01:17:23.270 --> 01:17:23.280 align:start position:0% enjoy the rest of the spectacle as the 01:17:23.280 --> 01:17:25.990 align:start position:0% enjoy the rest of the spectacle as the sun<01:17:23.600> returns<01:17:24.080> to<01:17:24.400> warm<01:17:24.719> the<01:17:24.960> Earth.<01:17:25.760> This 01:17:25.990 --> 01:17:26.000 align:start position:0% sun returns to warm the Earth. This 01:17:26.000 --> 01:17:28.709 align:start position:0% sun returns to warm the Earth. This should<01:17:26.239> be<01:17:26.560> absolutely<01:17:27.199> breathtaking<01:17:28.239> as 01:17:28.709 --> 01:17:28.719 align:start position:0% should be absolutely breathtaking as 01:17:28.719 --> 01:17:31.830 align:start position:0% should be absolutely breathtaking as unusually<01:17:29.440> for<01:17:29.679> an<01:17:29.840> eclipse,<01:17:30.560> it's<01:17:30.880> sunset. 01:17:31.830 --> 01:17:31.840 align:start position:0% unusually for an eclipse, it's sunset. 01:17:31.840 --> 01:17:33.750 align:start position:0% unusually for an eclipse, it's sunset. As<01:17:32.080> the<01:17:32.239> sun<01:17:32.480> gets<01:17:32.800> ever<01:17:33.120> closer<01:17:33.360> to<01:17:33.520> the 01:17:33.750 --> 01:17:33.760 align:start position:0% As the sun gets ever closer to the 01:17:33.760 --> 01:17:35.910 align:start position:0% As the sun gets ever closer to the horizon,<01:17:34.480> its<01:17:34.719> partial<01:17:35.120> disc<01:17:35.440> will<01:17:35.679> become 01:17:35.910 --> 01:17:35.920 align:start position:0% horizon, its partial disc will become 01:17:35.920 --> 01:17:38.390 align:start position:0% horizon, its partial disc will become redder<01:17:36.480> and<01:17:36.719> more<01:17:37.040> distorted<01:17:37.679> the<01:17:37.920> closer<01:17:38.239> we 01:17:38.390 --> 01:17:38.400 align:start position:0% redder and more distorted the closer we 01:17:38.400 --> 01:17:40.950 align:start position:0% redder and more distorted the closer we get<01:17:38.560> to<01:17:38.800> sunset.<01:17:39.679> The<01:17:39.920> sun<01:17:40.159> will<01:17:40.400> set<01:17:40.719> before 01:17:40.950 --> 01:17:40.960 align:start position:0% get to sunset. The sun will set before 01:17:40.960 --> 01:17:43.590 align:start position:0% get to sunset. The sun will set before the<01:17:41.199> moon<01:17:41.440> has<01:17:41.679> fully<01:17:42.080> passed<01:17:42.400> it,<01:17:43.040> so<01:17:43.280> we'll 01:17:43.590 --> 01:17:43.600 align:start position:0% the moon has fully passed it, so we'll 01:17:43.600 --> 01:17:45.830 align:start position:0% the moon has fully passed it, so we'll see<01:17:43.840> a<01:17:44.239> partial<01:17:44.719> sun<01:17:45.120> setting<01:17:45.440> in<01:17:45.679> the 01:17:45.830 --> 01:17:45.840 align:start position:0% see a partial sun setting in the 01:17:45.840 --> 01:19:08.149 align:start position:0% see a partial sun setting in the distance.<01:17:46.640> Enjoy<01:17:46.960> the<01:17:47.199> show. 01:19:08.149 --> 01:19:08.159 align:start position:0% 01:19:08.159 --> 01:19:45.030 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 01:19:45.030 --> 01:19:45.040 align:start position:0% 01:19:45.040 --> 01:19:51.030 align:start position:0% Heat. 01:19:51.030 --> 01:19:51.040 align:start position:0% 01:19:51.040 --> 01:19:56.630 align:start position:0% Heat. 01:19:56.630 --> 01:19:56.640 align:start position:0% 01:19:56.640 --> 01:21:03.270 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 01:21:03.270 --> 01:21:03.280 align:start position:0% 01:21:03.280 --> 01:21:07.910 align:start position:0% la. 01:21:07.910 --> 01:21:07.920 align:start position:0% 01:21:07.920 --> 01:21:12.390 align:start position:0% Nah. 01:21:12.390 --> 01:21:12.400 align:start position:0% 01:21:12.400 --> 01:21:33.669 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 01:21:33.669 --> 01:21:33.679 align:start position:0% 01:21:33.679 --> 01:21:43.669 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 01:21:43.669 --> 01:21:43.679 align:start position:0% 01:21:43.679 --> 01:23:26.709 align:start position:0% Heat. Heat. 01:23:26.709 --> 01:23:26.719 align:start position:0% 01:23:26.719 --> 01:23:38.870 align:start position:0% Heat. 01:23:38.870 --> 01:23:38.880 align:start position:0% 01:23:38.880 --> 01:25:03.510 align:start position:0% Heat. 01:25:03.510 --> 01:25:03.520 align:start position:0% 01:25:03.520 --> 01:36:36.950 align:start position:0% What<01:25:03.600> do<01:25:03.679> you<01:25:03.760> mean? 01:36:36.950 --> 01:36:36.960 align:start position:0% 01:36:36.960 --> 01:36:48.790 align:start position:0% Hey. 01:36:48.790 --> 01:36:48.800 align:start position:0% 01:36:48.800 --> 01:38:39.430 align:start position:0% Hallelujah. 01:38:39.430 --> 01:38:39.440 align:start position:0% 01:38:39.440 --> 01:38:56.149 align:start position:0% Heat. 01:38:56.149 --> 01:38:56.159 align:start position:0% 01:38:56.159 --> 01:41:24.950 align:start position:0% Heat. 01:41:24.950 --> 01:41:24.960 align:start position:0% 01:41:24.960 --> 01:41:35.350 align:start position:0% Hey. 01:41:35.350 --> 01:41:35.360 align:start position:0% 01:41:35.360 --> 01:41:39.430 align:start position:0% Hey. 01:41:39.430 --> 01:41:39.440 align:start position:0% 01:41:39.440 --> 01:42:55.590 align:start position:0% Hallelujah. 01:42:55.590 --> 01:42:55.600 align:start position:0% 01:42:55.600 --> 01:43:18.550 align:start position:0% Heat.<01:42:55.679> Heat. 01:43:18.550 --> 01:43:18.560 align:start position:0% 01:43:18.560 --> 01:43:21.590 align:start position:0% as<01:43:18.880> the<01:43:19.040> sun<01:43:19.440> has<01:43:19.760> now<01:43:20.080> nearly<01:43:20.560> fully<01:43:20.960> set. 01:43:21.590 --> 01:43:21.600 align:start position:0% as the sun has now nearly fully set. 01:43:21.600 --> 01:43:23.669 align:start position:0% as the sun has now nearly fully set. That's<01:43:21.840> all<01:43:22.000> from<01:43:22.239> me.<01:43:22.719> What<01:43:22.960> a<01:43:23.199> privileged 01:43:23.669 --> 01:43:23.679 align:start position:0% That's all from me. What a privileged 01:43:23.679 --> 01:43:25.510 align:start position:0% That's all from me. What a privileged experience<01:43:24.159> it<01:43:24.400> has<01:43:24.560> been<01:43:24.800> to<01:43:25.040> see<01:43:25.280> this 01:43:25.510 --> 01:43:25.520 align:start position:0% experience it has been to see this 01:43:25.520 --> 01:43:27.990 align:start position:0% experience it has been to see this unique<01:43:26.159> cosmological<01:43:26.960> spectacle<01:43:27.520> and<01:43:27.760> to 01:43:27.990 --> 01:43:28.000 align:start position:0% unique cosmological spectacle and to 01:43:28.000 --> 01:43:30.070 align:start position:0% unique cosmological spectacle and to share<01:43:28.159> it<01:43:28.320> with<01:43:28.560> all<01:43:28.800> of<01:43:28.960> you.<01:43:29.679> Thanks<01:43:29.920> for 01:43:30.070 --> 01:43:30.080 align:start position:0% share it with all of you. Thanks for 01:43:30.080 --> 01:43:34.920 align:start position:0% share it with all of you. Thanks for watching,<01:43:30.400> Astramm.<01:43:31.280> Until<01:43:31.679> next<01:43:31.920> time.