WEBVTT 00:02.080 --> 00:06.470 align:start position:0% Three<00:00:02.879> Atlas,<00:00:04.000> the<00:00:04.480> most<00:00:05.040> intriguing<00:00:05.920> cosmic 00:06.470 --> 00:06.480 align:start position:0% Three Atlas, the most intriguing cosmic 00:06.480 --> 00:09.350 align:start position:0% Three Atlas, the most intriguing cosmic visitor<00:00:07.040> we've<00:00:07.440> ever<00:00:07.680> had,<00:00:08.480> is<00:00:08.720> leaving<00:00:09.120> the 00:09.350 --> 00:09.360 align:start position:0% visitor we've ever had, is leaving the 00:09.360 --> 00:12.070 align:start position:0% visitor we've ever had, is leaving the solar<00:00:09.760> system.<00:00:10.960> This<00:00:11.200> comet<00:00:11.679> has<00:00:11.840> been 00:12.070 --> 00:12.080 align:start position:0% solar system. This comet has been 00:12.080 --> 00:14.070 align:start position:0% solar system. This comet has been entertaining<00:00:12.639> us<00:00:12.880> for<00:00:13.120> a<00:00:13.360> little<00:00:13.599> under<00:00:13.840> a 00:14.070 --> 00:14.080 align:start position:0% entertaining us for a little under a 00:14.080 --> 00:16.950 align:start position:0% entertaining us for a little under a year<00:00:14.240> now.<00:00:14.880> And<00:00:15.120> in<00:00:15.360> that<00:00:15.599> time,<00:00:15.920> we've<00:00:16.240> seen<00:00:16.560> a 00:16.950 --> 00:16.960 align:start position:0% year now. And in that time, we've seen a 00:16.960 --> 00:19.830 align:start position:0% year now. And in that time, we've seen a flood<00:00:17.520> of<00:00:17.840> new<00:00:18.080> research,<00:00:19.119> hundreds<00:00:19.600> of 00:19.830 --> 00:19.840 align:start position:0% flood of new research, hundreds of 00:19.840 --> 00:22.230 align:start position:0% flood of new research, hundreds of papers<00:00:20.320> published,<00:00:21.199> speculations<00:00:21.840> over<00:00:22.080> it 00:22.230 --> 00:22.240 align:start position:0% papers published, speculations over it 00:22.240 --> 00:24.710 align:start position:0% papers published, speculations over it being<00:00:22.480> an<00:00:22.640> alien<00:00:23.039> invader<00:00:23.600> squashed,<00:00:24.480> and 00:24.710 --> 00:24.720 align:start position:0% being an alien invader squashed, and 00:24.720 --> 00:26.470 align:start position:0% being an alien invader squashed, and observed<00:00:25.119> the<00:00:25.279> building<00:00:25.600> blocks<00:00:25.920> of<00:00:26.160> a 00:26.470 --> 00:26.480 align:start position:0% observed the building blocks of a 00:26.480 --> 00:29.349 align:start position:0% observed the building blocks of a distant<00:00:26.960> planetary<00:00:27.519> system<00:00:28.160> up<00:00:28.480> close<00:00:29.119> for 00:29.349 --> 00:29.359 align:start position:0% distant planetary system up close for 00:29.359 --> 00:32.310 align:start position:0% distant planetary system up close for the<00:00:29.599> first<00:00:29.840> time.<00:00:31.039> Surely,<00:00:31.519> one<00:00:31.760> interstellar 00:32.310 --> 00:32.320 align:start position:0% the first time. Surely, one interstellar 00:32.320 --> 00:35.190 align:start position:0% the first time. Surely, one interstellar interlo<00:00:32.960> can't<00:00:33.200> give<00:00:33.360> us<00:00:33.520> more<00:00:33.760> than<00:00:34.000> that. 00:35.190 --> 00:35.200 align:start position:0% interlo can't give us more than that. 00:35.200 --> 00:38.790 align:start position:0% interlo can't give us more than that. Well,<00:00:35.840> it<00:00:36.079> turns<00:00:36.320> out<00:00:36.800> it<00:00:37.120> can.<00:00:38.000> As<00:00:38.399> Threei 00:38.790 --> 00:38.800 align:start position:0% Well, it turns out it can. As Threei 00:38.800 --> 00:42.069 align:start position:0% Well, it turns out it can. As Threei Atlas<00:00:39.280> rounded<00:00:39.680> the<00:00:39.840> sun,<00:00:40.480> it<00:00:40.879> exploded<00:00:41.840> to 00:42.069 --> 00:42.079 align:start position:0% Atlas rounded the sun, it exploded to 00:42.079 --> 00:44.709 align:start position:0% Atlas rounded the sun, it exploded to reveal<00:00:42.480> its<00:00:42.719> inner<00:00:43.120> secrets. 00:44.709 --> 00:44.719 align:start position:0% reveal its inner secrets. 00:44.719 --> 00:47.910 align:start position:0% reveal its inner secrets. 3II<00:00:45.360> is<00:00:45.760> now<00:00:46.000> on<00:00:46.160> its<00:00:46.399> way<00:00:46.559> out<00:00:47.039> past<00:00:47.360> Jupiter's 00:47.910 --> 00:47.920 align:start position:0% 3II is now on its way out past Jupiter's 00:47.920 --> 00:49.830 align:start position:0% 3II is now on its way out past Jupiter's orbit<00:00:48.399> and<00:00:48.640> slipping<00:00:48.960> beyond<00:00:49.280> the<00:00:49.440> limits<00:00:49.680> of 00:49.830 --> 00:49.840 align:start position:0% orbit and slipping beyond the limits of 00:49.840 --> 00:52.229 align:start position:0% orbit and slipping beyond the limits of our<00:00:50.000> instruments.<00:00:50.879> And<00:00:51.120> once<00:00:51.360> it's<00:00:51.600> gone, 00:52.229 --> 00:52.239 align:start position:0% our instruments. And once it's gone, 00:52.239 --> 00:56.630 align:start position:0% our instruments. And once it's gone, it's<00:00:52.559> gone<00:00:52.879> for<00:00:53.039> good.<00:00:54.079> So,<00:00:54.800> this<00:00:55.360> is<00:00:55.600> it.<00:00:56.399> It's 00:56.630 --> 00:56.640 align:start position:0% it's gone for good. So, this is it. It's 00:56.640 --> 00:59.189 align:start position:0% it's gone for good. So, this is it. It's time<00:00:56.879> to<00:00:57.039> take<00:00:57.360> stock<00:00:57.760> of<00:00:58.000> the<00:00:58.320> spectacular 00:59.189 --> 00:59.199 align:start position:0% time to take stock of the spectacular 00:59.199 --> 01:01.990 align:start position:0% time to take stock of the spectacular science<00:00:59.600> of<00:00:59.920> this<00:01:00.320> final<00:01:00.800> stretch<00:01:01.280> of<00:01:01.680> three 01:01.990 --> 01:02.000 align:start position:0% science of this final stretch of three 01:02.000 --> 01:03.670 align:start position:0% science of this final stretch of three Atlas's<00:01:02.559> journey<00:01:02.879> through<00:01:03.199> the<00:01:03.359> solar 01:03.670 --> 01:03.680 align:start position:0% Atlas's journey through the solar 01:03.680 --> 01:05.429 align:start position:0% Atlas's journey through the solar system. 01:05.429 --> 01:05.439 align:start position:0% system. 01:05.439 --> 01:07.590 align:start position:0% system. I'm<00:01:05.760> Alex<00:01:06.080> Mccoan<00:01:06.720> and<00:01:06.960> you're<00:01:07.200> watching 01:07.590 --> 01:07.600 align:start position:0% I'm Alex Mccoan and you're watching 01:07.600 --> 01:10.310 align:start position:0% I'm Alex Mccoan and you're watching Astramm.<00:01:08.479> Join<00:01:08.799> me<00:01:08.960> today<00:01:09.200> as<00:01:09.439> we<00:01:09.680> head<00:01:09.920> back 01:10.310 --> 01:10.320 align:start position:0% Astramm. Join me today as we head back 01:10.320 --> 01:13.590 align:start position:0% Astramm. Join me today as we head back to<00:01:10.640> ThreeI<00:01:11.280> Atlas<00:01:11.760> for<00:01:12.000> one<00:01:12.320> last<00:01:12.720> time<00:01:13.360> to 01:13.590 --> 01:13.600 align:start position:0% to ThreeI Atlas for one last time to 01:13.600 --> 01:15.750 align:start position:0% to ThreeI Atlas for one last time to dissect<00:01:14.080> the<00:01:14.400> groundbreaking<00:01:15.119> research<00:01:15.520> that 01:15.750 --> 01:15.760 align:start position:0% dissect the groundbreaking research that 01:15.760 --> 01:18.230 align:start position:0% dissect the groundbreaking research that has<00:01:15.920> emerged<00:01:16.400> since<00:01:16.799> it<00:01:17.040> passed<00:01:17.439> Earth<00:01:17.920> last 01:18.230 --> 01:18.240 align:start position:0% has emerged since it passed Earth last 01:18.240 --> 01:20.950 align:start position:0% has emerged since it passed Earth last December.<00:01:19.360> From<00:01:19.600> the<00:01:19.840> discovery<00:01:20.320> of<00:01:20.640> even 01:20.950 --> 01:20.960 align:start position:0% December. From the discovery of even 01:20.960 --> 01:24.630 align:start position:0% December. From the discovery of even more<00:01:21.280> jets<00:01:21.920> to<00:01:22.159> a<00:01:22.400> rare<00:01:22.799> cosmic<00:01:23.280> alignment<00:01:24.400> and 01:24.630 --> 01:24.640 align:start position:0% more jets to a rare cosmic alignment and 01:24.640 --> 01:28.070 align:start position:0% more jets to a rare cosmic alignment and explore<00:01:25.119> the<00:01:25.439> final<00:01:26.479> courseing<00:01:27.439> encounter 01:28.070 --> 01:28.080 align:start position:0% explore the final courseing encounter 01:28.080 --> 01:30.550 align:start position:0% explore the final courseing encounter that<00:01:28.320> awaited<00:01:28.799> this<00:01:29.119> weary<00:01:29.520> traveler<00:01:30.159> at<00:01:30.400> the 01:30.550 --> 01:30.560 align:start position:0% that awaited this weary traveler at the 01:30.560 --> 01:36.069 align:start position:0% that awaited this weary traveler at the edge<00:01:30.880> of<00:01:31.119> Jupiter's<00:01:31.680> influence. 01:36.069 --> 01:36.079 align:start position:0% 01:36.079 --> 01:38.630 align:start position:0% As<00:01:36.320> I'm<00:01:36.560> sure<00:01:36.799> you<00:01:37.119> already<00:01:37.600> know,<00:01:38.159> we've<00:01:38.400> been 01:38.630 --> 01:38.640 align:start position:0% As I'm sure you already know, we've been 01:38.640 --> 01:40.870 align:start position:0% As I'm sure you already know, we've been charting<00:01:39.119> three<00:01:39.439> Atlas's<00:01:40.000> course<00:01:40.400> from<00:01:40.640> the 01:40.870 --> 01:40.880 align:start position:0% charting three Atlas's course from the 01:40.880 --> 01:43.190 align:start position:0% charting three Atlas's course from the moment<00:01:41.200> it<00:01:41.520> was<00:01:41.680> first<00:01:42.000> spotted.<00:01:42.880> I've 01:43.190 --> 01:43.200 align:start position:0% moment it was first spotted. I've 01:43.200 --> 01:45.429 align:start position:0% moment it was first spotted. I've already<00:01:43.360> made<00:01:43.680> three<00:01:44.000> videos<00:01:44.240> on<00:01:44.479> it<00:01:44.640> myself, 01:45.429 --> 01:45.439 align:start position:0% already made three videos on it myself, 01:45.439 --> 01:48.149 align:start position:0% already made three videos on it myself, and<00:01:45.600> you<00:01:45.840> can<00:01:45.920> watch<00:01:46.159> the<00:01:46.399> latest<00:01:46.720> one<00:01:47.040> here. 01:48.149 --> 01:48.159 align:start position:0% and you can watch the latest one here. 01:48.159 --> 01:49.590 align:start position:0% and you can watch the latest one here. There<00:01:48.399> have<00:01:48.640> been<00:01:48.960> hundreds<00:01:49.360> of 01:49.590 --> 01:49.600 align:start position:0% There have been hundreds of 01:49.600 --> 01:52.149 align:start position:0% There have been hundreds of observations,<00:01:50.479> papers,<00:01:51.200> and<00:01:51.439> discoveries 01:52.149 --> 01:52.159 align:start position:0% observations, papers, and discoveries 01:52.159 --> 01:54.069 align:start position:0% observations, papers, and discoveries made<00:01:52.479> while<00:01:52.799> three<00:01:53.119> Atlas<00:01:53.600> passed<00:01:53.840> through 01:54.069 --> 01:54.079 align:start position:0% made while three Atlas passed through 01:54.079 --> 01:56.149 align:start position:0% made while three Atlas passed through our<00:01:54.320> neighborhood,<00:01:55.119> but<00:01:55.360> the<00:01:55.600> last<00:01:55.840> few 01:56.149 --> 01:56.159 align:start position:0% our neighborhood, but the last few 01:56.159 --> 01:58.469 align:start position:0% our neighborhood, but the last few months<00:01:56.799> have<00:01:57.200> definitely<00:01:57.759> been<00:01:58.000> the<00:01:58.240> most 01:58.469 --> 01:58.479 align:start position:0% months have definitely been the most 01:58.479 --> 02:02.469 align:start position:0% months have definitely been the most dramatic.<00:01:59.680> In<00:01:59.920> late<00:02:00.159> December<00:02:00.640> 2025,<00:02:01.759> as<00:02:02.079> the 02:02.469 --> 02:02.479 align:start position:0% dramatic. In late December 2025, as the 02:02.479 --> 02:04.950 align:start position:0% dramatic. In late December 2025, as the Atlas<00:02:02.960> drifted<00:02:03.439> towards<00:02:03.840> its<00:02:04.079> perigee,<00:02:04.799> or 02:04.950 --> 02:04.960 align:start position:0% Atlas drifted towards its perigee, or 02:04.960 --> 02:07.590 align:start position:0% Atlas drifted towards its perigee, or the<00:02:05.200> closest<00:02:05.600> point<00:02:05.840> to<00:02:06.000> Earth,<00:02:06.880> it<00:02:07.119> did<00:02:07.280> not 02:07.590 --> 02:07.600 align:start position:0% the closest point to Earth, it did not 02:07.600 --> 02:09.350 align:start position:0% the closest point to Earth, it did not forget<00:02:07.920> to<00:02:08.160> bring<00:02:08.399> some<00:02:08.640> Christmas<00:02:09.039> gifts 02:09.350 --> 02:09.360 align:start position:0% forget to bring some Christmas gifts 02:09.360 --> 02:12.150 align:start position:0% forget to bring some Christmas gifts with<00:02:09.520> it.<00:02:10.239> At<00:02:10.479> a<00:02:10.640> distance<00:02:10.959> of<00:02:11.360> 1.8 02:12.150 --> 02:12.160 align:start position:0% with it. At a distance of 1.8 02:12.160 --> 02:15.670 align:start position:0% with it. At a distance of 1.8 astronomical<00:02:12.879> units,<00:02:13.520> nearly<00:02:14.160> 270<00:02:15.280> million 02:15.670 --> 02:15.680 align:start position:0% astronomical units, nearly 270 million 02:15.680 --> 02:19.670 align:start position:0% astronomical units, nearly 270 million km<00:02:16.160> from<00:02:16.480> us,<00:02:17.040> 3i<00:02:17.520> Atlas<00:02:18.000> put<00:02:18.239> on<00:02:18.560> an<00:02:18.959> explosive 02:19.670 --> 02:19.680 align:start position:0% km from us, 3i Atlas put on an explosive 02:19.680 --> 02:22.710 align:start position:0% km from us, 3i Atlas put on an explosive show.<00:02:20.720> Observations<00:02:21.360> from<00:02:21.599> NASA's<00:02:22.080> Sphere<00:02:22.480> X 02:22.710 --> 02:22.720 align:start position:0% show. Observations from NASA's Sphere X 02:22.720 --> 02:25.510 align:start position:0% show. Observations from NASA's Sphere X mission<00:02:23.360> captured<00:02:23.760> the<00:02:23.920> comet<00:02:24.640> fullon 02:25.510 --> 02:25.520 align:start position:0% mission captured the comet fullon 02:25.520 --> 02:28.229 align:start position:0% mission captured the comet fullon erupting.<00:02:26.720> Usually<00:02:27.280> water<00:02:27.599> ice<00:02:27.920> remains 02:28.229 --> 02:28.239 align:start position:0% erupting. Usually water ice remains 02:28.239 --> 02:30.470 align:start position:0% erupting. Usually water ice remains stable<00:02:28.560> in<00:02:28.720> the<00:02:28.879> deep<00:02:29.200> cold<00:02:29.440> of<00:02:29.680> space.<00:02:30.400> But 02:30.470 --> 02:30.480 align:start position:0% stable in the deep cold of space. But 02:30.480 --> 02:32.630 align:start position:0% stable in the deep cold of space. But once<00:02:30.720> this<00:02:30.959> comet<00:02:31.360> got<00:02:31.520> closer<00:02:31.840> to<00:02:32.000> the<00:02:32.160> sun, 02:32.630 --> 02:32.640 align:start position:0% once this comet got closer to the sun, 02:32.640 --> 02:35.190 align:start position:0% once this comet got closer to the sun, its<00:02:32.959> ice<00:02:33.280> started<00:02:33.680> sublimating,<00:02:34.720> turning 02:35.190 --> 02:35.200 align:start position:0% its ice started sublimating, turning 02:35.200 --> 02:38.150 align:start position:0% its ice started sublimating, turning from<00:02:35.519> solid<00:02:36.239> straight<00:02:36.560> into<00:02:36.879> gas<00:02:37.280> in<00:02:37.680> massive 02:38.150 --> 02:38.160 align:start position:0% from solid straight into gas in massive 02:38.160 --> 02:40.390 align:start position:0% from solid straight into gas in massive quantities.<00:02:39.280> And<00:02:39.440> the<00:02:39.680> trigger<00:02:40.000> for<00:02:40.160> this 02:40.390 --> 02:40.400 align:start position:0% quantities. And the trigger for this 02:40.400 --> 02:43.589 align:start position:0% quantities. And the trigger for this explosion<00:02:41.120> had<00:02:41.440> been<00:02:41.599> building<00:02:42.000> for<00:02:42.319> months. 02:43.589 --> 02:43.599 align:start position:0% explosion had been building for months. 02:43.599 --> 02:45.589 align:start position:0% explosion had been building for months. To<00:02:43.840> understand<00:02:44.239> what<00:02:44.480> was<00:02:44.640> going<00:02:44.800> on,<00:02:45.200> we<00:02:45.440> need 02:45.589 --> 02:45.599 align:start position:0% To understand what was going on, we need 02:45.599 --> 02:48.790 align:start position:0% To understand what was going on, we need to<00:02:45.760> look<00:02:46.160> beneath<00:02:46.640> the<00:02:46.879> surface.<00:02:48.080> Comets<00:02:48.560> are 02:48.790 --> 02:48.800 align:start position:0% to look beneath the surface. Comets are 02:48.800 --> 02:52.229 align:start position:0% to look beneath the surface. Comets are roughly<00:02:49.599> 1/3<00:02:50.400> water<00:02:50.720> ice,<00:02:51.360> much<00:02:51.599> of<00:02:51.680> which<00:02:52.000> is 02:52.229 --> 02:52.239 align:start position:0% roughly 1/3 water ice, much of which is 02:52.239 --> 02:54.550 align:start position:0% roughly 1/3 water ice, much of which is buried<00:02:52.720> deep<00:02:52.959> in<00:02:53.200> their<00:02:53.440> cores,<00:02:54.080> shielded 02:54.550 --> 02:54.560 align:start position:0% buried deep in their cores, shielded 02:54.560 --> 02:57.030 align:start position:0% buried deep in their cores, shielded from<00:02:54.800> the<00:02:55.040> harsh<00:02:55.680> energetic<00:02:56.400> radiation<00:02:56.879> of 02:57.030 --> 02:57.040 align:start position:0% from the harsh energetic radiation of 02:57.040 --> 03:00.150 align:start position:0% from the harsh energetic radiation of the<00:02:57.200> sun.<00:02:58.160> Even<00:02:58.400> after<00:02:58.800> 3i<00:02:59.200> Atlas<00:02:59.680> crossed<00:03:00.000> its 03:00.150 --> 03:00.160 align:start position:0% the sun. Even after 3i Atlas crossed its 03:00.160 --> 03:03.270 align:start position:0% the sun. Even after 3i Atlas crossed its perihelion<00:03:00.879> in<00:03:01.120> October,<00:03:02.000> that<00:03:02.319> heat<00:03:02.959> hadn't 03:03.270 --> 03:03.280 align:start position:0% perihelion in October, that heat hadn't 03:03.280 --> 03:05.509 align:start position:0% perihelion in October, that heat hadn't yet<00:03:03.680> penetrated<00:03:04.400> deep<00:03:04.640> enough<00:03:04.879> to<00:03:05.040> warm<00:03:05.360> the 03:05.509 --> 03:05.519 align:start position:0% yet penetrated deep enough to warm the 03:05.519 --> 03:08.229 align:start position:0% yet penetrated deep enough to warm the interior.<00:03:06.480> Think<00:03:06.720> of<00:03:06.879> it<00:03:07.040> like<00:03:07.280> a<00:03:07.840> baked 03:08.229 --> 03:08.239 align:start position:0% interior. Think of it like a baked 03:08.239 --> 03:10.869 align:start position:0% interior. Think of it like a baked Alaska.<00:03:09.120> The<00:03:09.360> meringue<00:03:09.760> on<00:03:09.920> the<00:03:10.000> outside<00:03:10.560> was 03:10.869 --> 03:10.879 align:start position:0% Alaska. The meringue on the outside was 03:10.879 --> 03:13.750 align:start position:0% Alaska. The meringue on the outside was insulating<00:03:11.440> the<00:03:11.760> frozen<00:03:12.159> ice<00:03:12.480> cream<00:03:12.720> middle. 03:13.750 --> 03:13.760 align:start position:0% insulating the frozen ice cream middle. 03:13.760 --> 03:15.750 align:start position:0% insulating the frozen ice cream middle. It<00:03:14.000> wasn't<00:03:14.239> until<00:03:14.560> nearly<00:03:14.959> 2<00:03:15.200> months<00:03:15.519> later 03:15.750 --> 03:15.760 align:start position:0% It wasn't until nearly 2 months later 03:15.760 --> 03:18.229 align:start position:0% It wasn't until nearly 2 months later that<00:03:16.000> the<00:03:16.159> sun's<00:03:16.560> immense<00:03:17.120> energy<00:03:17.680> finally 03:18.229 --> 03:18.239 align:start position:0% that the sun's immense energy finally 03:18.239 --> 03:21.110 align:start position:0% that the sun's immense energy finally reached<00:03:18.640> the<00:03:18.800> comet's<00:03:19.280> icy<00:03:19.519> interior<00:03:20.480> and<00:03:20.800> it 03:21.110 --> 03:21.120 align:start position:0% reached the comet's icy interior and it 03:21.120 --> 03:23.910 align:start position:0% reached the comet's icy interior and it began<00:03:21.440> to<00:03:21.680> vaporize<00:03:22.480> violently<00:03:23.599> erupting 03:23.910 --> 03:23.920 align:start position:0% began to vaporize violently erupting 03:23.920 --> 03:27.190 align:start position:0% began to vaporize violently erupting from<00:03:24.239> three<00:03:24.640> atlas<00:03:25.040> in<00:03:25.440> huge<00:03:25.840> jets.<00:03:26.959> And 03:27.190 --> 03:27.200 align:start position:0% from three atlas in huge jets. And 03:27.200 --> 03:29.509 align:start position:0% from three atlas in huge jets. And within<00:03:27.519> those<00:03:27.760> jets<00:03:28.319> was<00:03:28.720> more<00:03:28.959> than<00:03:29.200> just 03:29.509 --> 03:29.519 align:start position:0% within those jets was more than just 03:29.519 --> 03:32.949 align:start position:0% within those jets was more than just water.<00:03:30.560> Methane,<00:03:31.360> methanol,<00:03:32.159> ethane, 03:32.949 --> 03:32.959 align:start position:0% water. Methane, methanol, ethane, 03:32.959 --> 03:35.430 align:start position:0% water. Methane, methanol, ethane, formaldahhide.<00:03:34.239> These<00:03:34.560> were<00:03:34.720> the<00:03:34.959> chemical 03:35.430 --> 03:35.440 align:start position:0% formaldahhide. These were the chemical 03:35.440 --> 03:37.910 align:start position:0% formaldahhide. These were the chemical fingerprints<00:03:36.239> of<00:03:36.480> the<00:03:36.720> ancient<00:03:37.120> star<00:03:37.519> system 03:37.910 --> 03:37.920 align:start position:0% fingerprints of the ancient star system 03:37.920 --> 03:41.270 align:start position:0% fingerprints of the ancient star system where<00:03:38.239> it<00:03:38.560> formed.<00:03:39.599> It<00:03:39.920> appears<00:03:40.159> that<00:03:40.879> Atlas 03:41.270 --> 03:41.280 align:start position:0% where it formed. It appears that Atlas 03:41.280 --> 03:44.229 align:start position:0% where it formed. It appears that Atlas had<00:03:41.440> packed<00:03:41.760> an<00:03:42.080> entire<00:03:42.720> hydrocarbon<00:03:43.680> lab<00:03:44.080> for 03:44.229 --> 03:44.239 align:start position:0% had packed an entire hydrocarbon lab for 03:44.239 --> 03:46.789 align:start position:0% had packed an entire hydrocarbon lab for its<00:03:44.480> interstellar<00:03:45.120> journey.<00:03:45.920> The<00:03:46.239> result<00:03:46.480> was 03:46.789 --> 03:46.799 align:start position:0% its interstellar journey. The result was 03:46.799 --> 03:49.670 align:start position:0% its interstellar journey. The result was a<00:03:47.120> dramatic<00:03:47.840> surge<00:03:48.159> in<00:03:48.400> activity<00:03:49.120> with<00:03:49.360> water 03:49.670 --> 03:49.680 align:start position:0% a dramatic surge in activity with water 03:49.680 --> 03:53.110 align:start position:0% a dramatic surge in activity with water emissions<00:03:50.239> showing<00:03:50.560> a<00:03:50.879> tremendous<00:03:51.920> 40fold 03:53.110 --> 03:53.120 align:start position:0% emissions showing a tremendous 40fold 03:53.120 --> 03:55.830 align:start position:0% emissions showing a tremendous 40fold increase.<00:03:54.159> And<00:03:54.319> this<00:03:54.640> massive<00:03:54.959> halo<00:03:55.360> of<00:03:55.519> gas 03:55.830 --> 03:55.840 align:start position:0% increase. And this massive halo of gas 03:55.840 --> 03:57.910 align:start position:0% increase. And this massive halo of gas did<00:03:56.159> more<00:03:56.480> than<00:03:56.720> just<00:03:57.040> make<00:03:57.280> the<00:03:57.439> comet 03:57.910 --> 03:57.920 align:start position:0% did more than just make the comet 03:57.920 --> 04:01.509 align:start position:0% did more than just make the comet brighter.<00:03:58.879> It<00:03:59.120> offered<00:03:59.519> a<00:03:59.840> vast<00:04:00.640> dense<00:04:01.120> target 04:01.509 --> 04:01.519 align:start position:0% brighter. It offered a vast dense target 04:01.519 --> 04:03.589 align:start position:0% brighter. It offered a vast dense target for<00:04:01.840> fastm<00:04:02.239> moving<00:04:02.560> particles<00:04:03.040> from<00:04:03.280> the<00:04:03.439> sun 04:03.589 --> 04:03.599 align:start position:0% for fastm moving particles from the sun 04:03.599 --> 04:06.070 align:start position:0% for fastm moving particles from the sun to<00:04:03.840> slam<00:04:04.080> into,<00:04:04.959> creating<00:04:05.360> the<00:04:05.680> perfect 04:06.070 --> 04:06.080 align:start position:0% to slam into, creating the perfect 04:06.080 --> 04:07.910 align:start position:0% to slam into, creating the perfect conditions<00:04:06.560> for<00:04:06.720> a<00:04:06.959> phenomenon<00:04:07.680> that 04:07.910 --> 04:07.920 align:start position:0% conditions for a phenomenon that 04:07.920 --> 04:10.149 align:start position:0% conditions for a phenomenon that scientists<00:04:08.480> had<00:04:08.799> long<00:04:09.120> been<00:04:09.439> looking<00:04:09.599> for, 04:10.149 --> 04:10.159 align:start position:0% scientists had long been looking for, 04:10.159 --> 04:13.190 align:start position:0% scientists had long been looking for, but<00:04:10.480> that<00:04:10.799> had<00:04:11.200> so<00:04:11.519> far<00:04:11.920> eluded<00:04:12.560> all<00:04:12.799> attempts 04:13.190 --> 04:13.200 align:start position:0% but that had so far eluded all attempts 04:13.200 --> 04:15.670 align:start position:0% but that had so far eluded all attempts at<00:04:13.439> detection.<00:04:14.480> You<00:04:14.720> see,<00:04:14.959> comets<00:04:15.439> that 04:15.670 --> 04:15.680 align:start position:0% at detection. You see, comets that 04:15.680 --> 04:17.909 align:start position:0% at detection. You see, comets that originate<00:04:16.160> in<00:04:16.479> our<00:04:16.799> solar<00:04:17.040> system<00:04:17.519> usually 04:17.909 --> 04:17.919 align:start position:0% originate in our solar system usually 04:17.919 --> 04:20.949 align:start position:0% originate in our solar system usually have<00:04:18.079> a<00:04:18.320> telltale<00:04:19.040> X-ray<00:04:19.519> signature.<00:04:20.560> As<00:04:20.799> the 04:20.949 --> 04:20.959 align:start position:0% have a telltale X-ray signature. As the 04:20.959 --> 04:23.110 align:start position:0% have a telltale X-ray signature. As the sublimated<00:04:21.519> gases<00:04:21.840> in<00:04:22.000> their<00:04:22.240> coma<00:04:22.720> interact 04:23.110 --> 04:23.120 align:start position:0% sublimated gases in their coma interact 04:23.120 --> 04:25.430 align:start position:0% sublimated gases in their coma interact with<00:04:23.280> the<00:04:23.440> solar<00:04:23.759> wind,<00:04:24.240> a<00:04:24.560> process<00:04:24.960> called 04:25.430 --> 04:25.440 align:start position:0% with the solar wind, a process called 04:25.440 --> 04:27.670 align:start position:0% with the solar wind, a process called charge<00:04:25.919> exchange<00:04:26.479> reaction<00:04:26.960> occurs, 04:27.670 --> 04:27.680 align:start position:0% charge exchange reaction occurs, 04:27.680 --> 04:29.830 align:start position:0% charge exchange reaction occurs, emitting<00:04:28.240> characteristic<00:04:28.960> X-rays<00:04:29.520> that<00:04:29.680> we 04:29.830 --> 04:29.840 align:start position:0% emitting characteristic X-rays that we 04:29.840 --> 04:32.390 align:start position:0% emitting characteristic X-rays that we can<00:04:30.000> detect<00:04:30.400> on<00:04:30.639> Earth.<00:04:31.520> However,<00:04:32.080> every 04:32.390 --> 04:32.400 align:start position:0% can detect on Earth. However, every 04:32.400 --> 04:34.469 align:start position:0% can detect on Earth. However, every single<00:04:32.800> attempt<00:04:33.199> to<00:04:33.360> detect<00:04:33.759> X-rays<00:04:34.240> coming 04:34.469 --> 04:34.479 align:start position:0% single attempt to detect X-rays coming 04:34.479 --> 04:37.110 align:start position:0% single attempt to detect X-rays coming from<00:04:34.639> Amuam<00:04:35.360> and<00:04:35.600> two<00:04:35.759> I<00:04:35.919> Boris,<00:04:36.720> the<00:04:36.960> two 04:37.110 --> 04:37.120 align:start position:0% from Amuam and two I Boris, the two 04:37.120 --> 04:39.189 align:start position:0% from Amuam and two I Boris, the two interstellar<00:04:37.759> objects<00:04:38.080> that<00:04:38.320> preceded<00:04:38.960> this 04:39.189 --> 04:39.199 align:start position:0% interstellar objects that preceded this 04:39.199 --> 04:42.950 align:start position:0% interstellar objects that preceded this one<00:04:39.919> ended<00:04:40.400> without<00:04:41.040> any<00:04:41.360> positive<00:04:41.840> results. 04:42.950 --> 04:42.960 align:start position:0% one ended without any positive results. 04:42.960 --> 04:45.430 align:start position:0% one ended without any positive results. Would<00:04:43.280> ThreeI<00:04:43.759> atlas<00:04:44.080> be<00:04:44.240> any<00:04:44.479> different? 04:45.430 --> 04:45.440 align:start position:0% Would ThreeI atlas be any different? 04:45.440 --> 04:47.830 align:start position:0% Would ThreeI atlas be any different? Well,<00:04:45.840> as<00:04:46.080> we<00:04:46.240> have<00:04:46.479> seen<00:04:46.800> countless<00:04:47.280> times<00:04:47.600> so 04:47.830 --> 04:47.840 align:start position:0% Well, as we have seen countless times so 04:47.840 --> 04:50.310 align:start position:0% Well, as we have seen countless times so far,<00:04:48.479> this<00:04:48.800> particular<00:04:49.280> object<00:04:49.680> is<00:04:50.000> quite 04:50.310 --> 04:50.320 align:start position:0% far, this particular object is quite 04:50.320 --> 04:52.950 align:start position:0% far, this particular object is quite fond<00:04:50.639> of<00:04:50.800> surprising<00:04:51.280> us,<00:04:51.919> and<00:04:52.240> it<00:04:52.560> did<00:04:52.720> not 04:52.950 --> 04:52.960 align:start position:0% fond of surprising us, and it did not 04:52.960 --> 04:55.670 align:start position:0% fond of surprising us, and it did not disappoint<00:04:53.520> this<00:04:53.759> time<00:04:54.000> either.<00:04:55.360> Images 04:55.670 --> 04:55.680 align:start position:0% disappoint this time either. Images 04:55.680 --> 04:58.550 align:start position:0% disappoint this time either. Images taken<00:04:56.080> by<00:04:56.320> Jax's<00:04:57.040> Chrysom<00:04:57.600> satellite<00:04:58.160> in<00:04:58.320> late 04:58.550 --> 04:58.560 align:start position:0% taken by Jax's Chrysom satellite in late 04:58.560 --> 05:01.749 align:start position:0% taken by Jax's Chrysom satellite in late November<00:04:59.040> 2025<00:05:00.160> revealed<00:05:00.560> a<00:05:00.880> faint<00:05:01.280> X-ray 05:01.749 --> 05:01.759 align:start position:0% November 2025 revealed a faint X-ray 05:01.759 --> 05:03.990 align:start position:0% November 2025 revealed a faint X-ray emission<00:05:02.240> signature<00:05:02.960> around<00:05:03.360> the<00:05:03.600> comet 05:03.990 --> 05:04.000 align:start position:0% emission signature around the comet 05:04.000 --> 05:06.790 align:start position:0% emission signature around the comet nucleus,<00:05:04.880> marking<00:05:05.280> the<00:05:05.600> first<00:05:05.840> time<00:05:06.320> we<00:05:06.560> have 05:06.790 --> 05:06.800 align:start position:0% nucleus, marking the first time we have 05:06.800 --> 05:08.950 align:start position:0% nucleus, marking the first time we have ever<00:05:07.120> detected<00:05:07.600> these<00:05:07.919> wavelengths<00:05:08.479> from<00:05:08.720> an 05:08.950 --> 05:08.960 align:start position:0% ever detected these wavelengths from an 05:08.960 --> 05:11.830 align:start position:0% ever detected these wavelengths from an interstellar<00:05:09.600> visitor.<00:05:10.639> The<00:05:10.880> data<00:05:11.199> suggests 05:11.830 --> 05:11.840 align:start position:0% interstellar visitor. The data suggests 05:11.840 --> 05:14.310 align:start position:0% interstellar visitor. The data suggests 3EI<00:05:12.320> Atlas<00:05:12.880> could<00:05:13.199> be<00:05:13.360> surrounded<00:05:13.840> by<00:05:14.080> a 05:14.310 --> 05:14.320 align:start position:0% 3EI Atlas could be surrounded by a 05:14.320 --> 05:17.510 align:start position:0% 3EI Atlas could be surrounded by a diffused<00:05:14.960> cloud<00:05:15.360> of<00:05:15.520> gas<00:05:16.240> extending<00:05:16.800> up<00:05:17.120> to 05:17.510 --> 05:17.520 align:start position:0% diffused cloud of gas extending up to 05:17.520 --> 05:20.790 align:start position:0% diffused cloud of gas extending up to 400,000<00:05:18.720> km<00:05:19.199> from<00:05:19.440> its<00:05:19.600> nucleus.<00:05:20.560> For 05:20.790 --> 05:20.800 align:start position:0% 400,000 km from its nucleus. For 05:20.800 --> 05:23.029 align:start position:0% 400,000 km from its nucleus. For context,<00:05:21.280> that<00:05:21.440> is<00:05:21.680> larger<00:05:22.080> than<00:05:22.320> the<00:05:22.560> average 05:23.029 --> 05:23.039 align:start position:0% context, that is larger than the average 05:23.039 --> 05:25.830 align:start position:0% context, that is larger than the average distance<00:05:23.759> between<00:05:24.080> the<00:05:24.320> Earth<00:05:24.639> and<00:05:24.880> the<00:05:25.120> Moon 05:25.830 --> 05:25.840 align:start position:0% distance between the Earth and the Moon 05:25.840 --> 05:28.550 align:start position:0% distance between the Earth and the Moon and<00:05:26.080> wide<00:05:26.400> enough<00:05:26.639> to<00:05:26.880> fit<00:05:27.360> every<00:05:27.840> planet<00:05:28.320> in 05:28.550 --> 05:28.560 align:start position:0% and wide enough to fit every planet in 05:28.560 --> 05:31.830 align:start position:0% and wide enough to fit every planet in our<00:05:28.880> solar<00:05:29.199> system<00:05:29.680> side<00:05:30.000> by<00:05:30.320> side.<00:05:31.360> And<00:05:31.600> this 05:31.830 --> 05:31.840 align:start position:0% our solar system side by side. And this 05:31.840 --> 05:33.670 align:start position:0% our solar system side by side. And this discovery<00:05:32.320> goes<00:05:32.639> further<00:05:33.039> than<00:05:33.280> just<00:05:33.440> a 05:33.670 --> 05:33.680 align:start position:0% discovery goes further than just a 05:33.680 --> 05:36.310 align:start position:0% discovery goes further than just a simple<00:05:34.160> first<00:05:34.479> detection.<00:05:35.520> It<00:05:35.759> shows<00:05:36.000> that 05:36.310 --> 05:36.320 align:start position:0% simple first detection. It shows that 05:36.320 --> 05:38.550 align:start position:0% simple first detection. It shows that even<00:05:36.639> interstellar<00:05:37.360> comets<00:05:37.919> interact<00:05:38.400> with 05:38.550 --> 05:38.560 align:start position:0% even interstellar comets interact with 05:38.560 --> 05:41.029 align:start position:0% even interstellar comets interact with the<00:05:38.800> solar<00:05:39.120> wind<00:05:39.440> in<00:05:39.680> much<00:05:39.919> the<00:05:40.160> same<00:05:40.400> way<00:05:40.720> as 05:41.029 --> 05:41.039 align:start position:0% the solar wind in much the same way as 05:41.039 --> 05:43.749 align:start position:0% the solar wind in much the same way as those<00:05:41.360> in<00:05:41.600> our<00:05:41.759> own<00:05:42.000> system.<00:05:43.039> And<00:05:43.199> in<00:05:43.520> doing 05:43.749 --> 05:43.759 align:start position:0% those in our own system. And in doing 05:43.759 --> 05:47.110 align:start position:0% those in our own system. And in doing so,<00:05:44.320> it<00:05:44.560> gives<00:05:44.720> us<00:05:44.960> a<00:05:45.280> rare,<00:05:46.000> brand<00:05:46.320> new<00:05:46.560> way<00:05:46.880> to 05:47.110 --> 05:47.120 align:start position:0% so, it gives us a rare, brand new way to 05:47.120 --> 05:50.469 align:start position:0% so, it gives us a rare, brand new way to probe<00:05:47.600> any<00:05:48.000> future<00:05:48.400> visitors.<00:05:49.680> It's<00:05:50.000> amazing 05:47.566 --> 05:50.356 align:start position:0% a try. Now, back to learning about ThreeI<00:07:11.919> Atlas. 05:50.356 --> 05:50.366 align:start position:0% ThreeI Atlas. 05:50.366 --> 05:53.396 align:start position:0% ThreeI Atlas. If<00:07:14.479> a<00:07:14.720> giant<00:07:15.120> X-ray<00:07:15.520> aura<00:07:15.919> wasn't<00:07:16.240> enough,<00:07:16.800> 3 05:53.396 --> 05:53.406 align:start position:0% If a giant X-ray aura wasn't enough, 3 05:53.406 --> 05:56.196 align:start position:0% If a giant X-ray aura wasn't enough, 3 Atlas's<00:07:17.919> heartbeat<00:07:18.800> also<00:07:19.280> underwent<00:07:19.759> a 05:56.196 --> 05:56.206 align:start position:0% Atlas's heartbeat also underwent a 05:56.206 --> 05:59.315 align:start position:0% Atlas's heartbeat also underwent a dramatic<00:07:20.639> shift<00:07:20.960> after<00:07:21.280> perihelion.<00:07:22.639> Comets 05:59.315 --> 05:59.325 align:start position:0% dramatic shift after perihelion. Comets 05:59.325 --> 06:02.276 align:start position:0% dramatic shift after perihelion. Comets have<00:07:23.520> an<00:07:23.840> intrinsic<00:07:24.560> spin,<00:07:25.280> a<00:07:25.520> rotation<00:07:25.919> that 06:02.276 --> 06:02.286 align:start position:0% have an intrinsic spin, a rotation that 06:02.286 --> 06:04.276 align:start position:0% have an intrinsic spin, a rotation that can<00:07:26.319> be<00:07:26.479> measured<00:07:26.880> by<00:07:27.120> watching<00:07:27.520> how<00:07:27.919> their 06:04.276 --> 06:04.286 align:start position:0% can be measured by watching how their 06:04.286 --> 06:07.076 align:start position:0% can be measured by watching how their brightness<00:07:28.639> fluctuates<00:07:29.280> over<00:07:29.520> time.<00:07:30.479> Because 06:07.076 --> 06:07.086 align:start position:0% brightness fluctuates over time. Because 06:07.086 --> 06:09.636 align:start position:0% brightness fluctuates over time. Because three<00:07:31.360> atlas<00:07:31.759> has<00:07:32.160> multiple<00:07:32.639> jets<00:07:33.120> fanning 06:09.636 --> 06:09.646 align:start position:0% three atlas has multiple jets fanning 06:09.646 --> 06:12.276 align:start position:0% three atlas has multiple jets fanning out<00:07:33.759> into<00:07:34.080> space,<00:07:34.720> its<00:07:35.039> rotation<00:07:35.520> can<00:07:35.759> cause 06:12.276 --> 06:12.286 align:start position:0% out into space, its rotation can cause 06:12.286 --> 06:15.476 align:start position:0% out into space, its rotation can cause almost<00:07:36.560> a<00:07:37.039> 30%<00:07:38.000> variation<00:07:38.479> in<00:07:38.720> its<00:07:38.960> brightness 06:15.476 --> 06:15.486 align:start position:0% almost a 30% variation in its brightness 06:15.486 --> 06:17.956 align:start position:0% almost a 30% variation in its brightness as<00:07:39.599> seen<00:07:39.840> from<00:07:40.080> Earth.<00:07:40.960> This<00:07:41.199> creates<00:07:41.599> a 06:17.956 --> 06:17.966 align:start position:0% as seen from Earth. This creates a 06:17.966 --> 06:20.996 align:start position:0% as seen from Earth. This creates a rhythmic<00:07:42.560> pulsing,<00:07:43.520> a<00:07:43.759> lighthouse<00:07:44.400> effect 06:20.996 --> 06:21.006 align:start position:0% rhythmic pulsing, a lighthouse effect 06:21.006 --> 06:23.556 align:start position:0% rhythmic pulsing, a lighthouse effect that<00:07:45.199> repeats<00:07:45.680> every<00:07:46.080> few<00:07:46.319> hours,<00:07:47.039> almost 06:23.556 --> 06:23.566 align:start position:0% that repeats every few hours, almost 06:23.566 --> 06:27.315 align:start position:0% that repeats every few hours, almost like<00:07:47.680> a<00:07:48.080> long<00:07:48.800> drawn<00:07:49.199> out<00:07:49.599> heartbeat.<00:07:50.720> Before 06:27.315 --> 06:27.325 align:start position:0% like a long drawn out heartbeat. Before 06:27.325 --> 06:29.636 align:start position:0% like a long drawn out heartbeat. Before Parihelion,<00:07:52.000> 3<00:07:52.400> Atlas<00:07:52.720> had<00:07:52.800> a<00:07:52.960> rotational 06:29.636 --> 06:29.646 align:start position:0% Parihelion, 3 Atlas had a rotational 06:29.646 --> 06:32.916 align:start position:0% Parihelion, 3 Atlas had a rotational period<00:07:53.759> of<00:07:54.080> 16.2<00:07:54.960> hours.<00:07:55.840> But<00:07:56.000> after<00:07:56.400> passing 06:32.916 --> 06:32.926 align:start position:0% period of 16.2 hours. But after passing 06:32.926 --> 06:35.636 align:start position:0% period of 16.2 hours. But after passing the<00:07:57.039> sun,<00:07:57.759> something<00:07:58.160> changed.<00:07:59.280> New 06:35.636 --> 06:35.646 align:start position:0% the sun, something changed. New 06:35.646 --> 06:38.035 align:start position:0% the sun, something changed. New measurements<00:08:00.000> from<00:08:00.240> December<00:08:00.720> 2025<00:08:01.520> revealed 06:38.035 --> 06:38.045 align:start position:0% measurements from December 2025 revealed 06:38.045 --> 06:40.676 align:start position:0% measurements from December 2025 revealed that<00:08:02.080> its<00:08:02.319> rotation<00:08:02.800> had<00:08:03.120> sped<00:08:03.440> up.<00:08:04.240> Its 06:40.676 --> 06:40.686 align:start position:0% that its rotation had sped up. Its 06:40.686 --> 06:43.875 align:start position:0% that its rotation had sped up. Its period<00:08:04.879> was<00:08:05.120> now<00:08:05.360> just<00:08:05.759> 7.1<00:08:06.720> hours,<00:08:07.440> meaning 06:43.875 --> 06:43.885 align:start position:0% period was now just 7.1 hours, meaning 06:43.885 --> 06:46.916 align:start position:0% period was now just 7.1 hours, meaning 3i<00:08:08.160> Atlas<00:08:08.560> was<00:08:08.800> spinning<00:08:09.280> more<00:08:09.599> than<00:08:10.000> twice<00:08:10.479> as 06:46.916 --> 06:46.926 align:start position:0% 3i Atlas was spinning more than twice as 06:46.926 --> 06:50.035 align:start position:0% 3i Atlas was spinning more than twice as fast.<00:08:11.919> This<00:08:12.160> spin-up<00:08:12.639> was<00:08:12.879> likely<00:08:13.280> a<00:08:13.520> direct 06:50.035 --> 06:50.045 align:start position:0% fast. This spin-up was likely a direct 06:50.045 --> 06:52.356 align:start position:0% fast. This spin-up was likely a direct consequence<00:08:14.400> of<00:08:14.560> its<00:08:14.720> orbit<00:08:15.039> around<00:08:15.280> our<00:08:15.599> sun. 06:52.356 --> 06:52.366 align:start position:0% consequence of its orbit around our sun. 06:52.366 --> 06:54.755 align:start position:0% consequence of its orbit around our sun. As<00:08:16.479> Threei<00:08:16.879> Atlas<00:08:17.280> approached<00:08:17.680> our<00:08:17.919> star,<00:08:18.400> the 06:54.755 --> 06:54.765 align:start position:0% As Threei Atlas approached our star, the 06:54.765 --> 06:56.836 align:start position:0% As Threei Atlas approached our star, the intense<00:08:19.039> heat<00:08:19.520> triggered<00:08:20.080> even<00:08:20.400> more 06:56.836 --> 06:56.846 align:start position:0% intense heat triggered even more 06:56.846 --> 06:59.796 align:start position:0% intense heat triggered even more outgassing<00:08:21.440> and<00:08:21.759> activated<00:08:22.319> new<00:08:22.560> jets.<00:08:23.360> These 06:59.796 --> 06:59.806 align:start position:0% outgassing and activated new jets. These 06:59.806 --> 07:02.356 align:start position:0% outgassing and activated new jets. These jets<00:08:24.080> applied<00:08:24.560> enough<00:08:24.879> torque<00:08:25.280> or<00:08:25.599> rotational 07:02.356 --> 07:02.366 align:start position:0% jets applied enough torque or rotational 07:02.366 --> 07:05.715 align:start position:0% jets applied enough torque or rotational force<00:08:26.879> to<00:08:27.199> the<00:08:27.360> nucleus<00:08:28.000> to<00:08:28.319> wind<00:08:28.639> it<00:08:28.800> up,<00:08:29.280> much 07:05.715 --> 07:05.725 align:start position:0% force to the nucleus to wind it up, much 07:05.725 --> 07:07.636 align:start position:0% force to the nucleus to wind it up, much like<00:08:29.759> how<00:08:30.080> astronauts<00:08:30.639> use<00:08:30.879> thrusters<00:08:31.360> in 07:07.636 --> 07:07.646 align:start position:0% like how astronauts use thrusters in 07:07.646 --> 07:08.996 align:start position:0% like how astronauts use thrusters in their<00:08:31.680> space<00:08:31.919> suits<00:08:32.240> to<00:08:32.399> guide<00:08:32.640> their 07:08.996 --> 07:09.006 align:start position:0% their space suits to guide their 07:09.006 --> 07:10.196 align:start position:0% their space suits to guide their movements. 07:10.196 --> 07:10.206 align:start position:0% movements. 07:10.206 --> 07:12.595 align:start position:0% movements. Soon<00:08:34.320> after<00:08:34.640> this<00:08:34.880> boost,<00:08:35.519> as<00:08:35.760> our<00:08:36.000> traveler 07:12.595 --> 07:12.605 align:start position:0% Soon after this boost, as our traveler 07:12.605 --> 07:14.515 align:start position:0% Soon after this boost, as our traveler continued<00:08:36.880> its<00:08:37.120> journey,<00:08:37.839> it<00:08:38.080> headed 07:14.515 --> 07:14.525 align:start position:0% continued its journey, it headed 07:14.525 --> 07:16.196 align:start position:0% continued its journey, it headed straight<00:08:38.640> towards<00:08:39.039> another<00:08:39.440> giant<00:08:39.760> of<00:08:39.919> the 07:16.196 --> 07:16.206 align:start position:0% straight towards another giant of the 07:16.206 --> 07:18.756 align:start position:0% straight towards another giant of the solar<00:08:40.320> system<00:08:40.959> and<00:08:41.279> passed<00:08:41.680> us<00:08:42.080> along<00:08:42.399> the 07:18.756 --> 07:18.766 align:start position:0% solar system and passed us along the 07:18.766 --> 07:20.275 align:start position:0% solar system and passed us along the way. 07:20.275 --> 07:20.285 align:start position:0% way. 07:20.285 --> 07:22.116 align:start position:0% way. Ever<00:08:44.480> since<00:08:44.800> we<00:08:45.120> first<00:08:45.360> spotted<00:08:45.760> this 07:22.116 --> 07:22.126 align:start position:0% Ever since we first spotted this 07:22.126 --> 07:24.515 align:start position:0% Ever since we first spotted this interloper,<00:08:46.959> astronomers<00:08:47.519> worldwide<00:08:48.080> have 07:24.515 --> 07:24.525 align:start position:0% interloper, astronomers worldwide have 07:24.525 --> 07:26.836 align:start position:0% interloper, astronomers worldwide have been<00:08:48.560> trying<00:08:48.880> to<00:08:49.120> figure<00:08:49.360> out<00:08:49.760> exactly<00:08:50.320> how 07:26.836 --> 07:26.846 align:start position:0% been trying to figure out exactly how 07:26.846 --> 07:30.116 align:start position:0% been trying to figure out exactly how big<00:08:50.959> its<00:08:51.279> nucleus<00:08:51.760> is,<00:08:52.560> and<00:08:53.120> early<00:08:53.519> estimates 07:30.116 --> 07:30.126 align:start position:0% big its nucleus is, and early estimates 07:30.126 --> 07:32.916 align:start position:0% big its nucleus is, and early estimates were<00:08:54.160> a<00:08:54.399> bit<00:08:54.880> all<00:08:55.200> over<00:08:55.360> the<00:08:55.600> place.<00:08:56.399> Figures 07:32.916 --> 07:32.926 align:start position:0% were a bit all over the place. Figures 07:32.926 --> 07:34.756 align:start position:0% were a bit all over the place. Figures for<00:08:56.959> its<00:08:57.200> diameter<00:08:57.600> in<00:08:57.839> those<00:08:58.080> first<00:08:58.399> few 07:34.756 --> 07:34.766 align:start position:0% for its diameter in those first few 07:34.766 --> 07:38.356 align:start position:0% for its diameter in those first few months<00:08:58.959> ranged<00:08:59.279> from<00:08:59.519> as<00:08:59.680> small<00:08:59.920> as<00:09:00.480> 320<00:09:01.360> m<00:09:02.000> to 07:38.356 --> 07:38.366 align:start position:0% months ranged from as small as 320 m to 07:38.366 --> 07:41.796 align:start position:0% months ranged from as small as 320 m to as<00:09:02.480> large<00:09:02.720> as<00:09:03.040> 5.6<00:09:04.080> km. 07:41.796 --> 07:41.806 align:start position:0% as large as 5.6 km. 07:41.806 --> 07:44.036 align:start position:0% as large as 5.6 km. But<00:09:06.080> shortly<00:09:06.560> after<00:09:06.880> we<00:09:07.120> rang<00:09:07.360> in<00:09:07.600> the<00:09:07.760> new 07:44.036 --> 07:44.046 align:start position:0% But shortly after we rang in the new 07:44.046 --> 07:46.756 align:start position:0% But shortly after we rang in the new year,<00:09:08.560> an<00:09:08.800> exceptional<00:09:09.519> alignment<00:09:10.240> finally 07:46.756 --> 07:46.766 align:start position:0% year, an exceptional alignment finally 07:46.766 --> 07:52.116 align:start position:0% year, an exceptional alignment finally put<00:09:10.880> this<00:09:11.120> mystery<00:09:11.519> to<00:09:11.680> rest. 07:52.116 --> 07:52.126 align:start position:0% 07:52.126 --> 07:54.436 align:start position:0% At<00:09:16.399> any<00:09:16.720> point<00:09:16.880> in<00:09:17.120> Earth's<00:09:17.440> orbit,<00:09:17.839> you<00:09:18.080> can 07:54.436 --> 07:54.446 align:start position:0% At any point in Earth's orbit, you can 07:54.446 --> 07:56.596 align:start position:0% At any point in Earth's orbit, you can draw<00:09:18.640> an<00:09:18.880> imaginary<00:09:19.519> line<00:09:19.839> from<00:09:20.080> the<00:09:20.240> center 07:56.596 --> 07:56.606 align:start position:0% draw an imaginary line from the center 07:56.606 --> 07:58.836 align:start position:0% draw an imaginary line from the center of<00:09:20.640> our<00:09:20.880> planet<00:09:21.120> to<00:09:21.360> the<00:09:21.519> center<00:09:21.680> of<00:09:21.839> the<00:09:22.000> sun. 07:58.836 --> 07:58.846 align:start position:0% of our planet to the center of the sun. 07:58.846 --> 08:02.836 align:start position:0% of our planet to the center of the sun. This<00:09:22.959> is<00:09:23.279> the<00:09:23.760> Earth<00:09:24.240> sun<00:09:24.720> axis.<00:09:25.839> On<00:09:26.000> the<00:09:26.160> 22nd 08:02.836 --> 08:02.846 align:start position:0% This is the Earth sun axis. On the 22nd 08:02.846 --> 08:06.515 align:start position:0% This is the Earth sun axis. On the 22nd of<00:09:26.880> January<00:09:27.360> 2026,<00:09:28.480> 3i<00:09:28.959> Atlas<00:09:29.440> came<00:09:29.680> within<00:09:30.160> an 08:06.515 --> 08:06.525 align:start position:0% of January 2026, 3i Atlas came within an 08:06.525 --> 08:09.876 align:start position:0% of January 2026, 3i Atlas came within an incredibly<00:09:31.200> narrow<00:09:31.839> 0.69° 08:09.876 --> 08:09.886 align:start position:0% incredibly narrow 0.69° 08:09.886 --> 08:12.676 align:start position:0% incredibly narrow 0.69° of<00:09:34.000> this<00:09:34.240> line.<00:09:35.040> This<00:09:35.279> alignment<00:09:36.080> was<00:09:36.320> an 08:12.676 --> 08:12.686 align:start position:0% of this line. This alignment was an 08:12.686 --> 08:15.075 align:start position:0% of this line. This alignment was an unprecedented<00:09:37.440> opportunity. 08:15.075 --> 08:15.085 align:start position:0% unprecedented opportunity. 08:15.085 --> 08:18.036 align:start position:0% unprecedented opportunity. Now,<00:09:39.600> because<00:09:39.920> the<00:09:40.240> sun<00:09:40.560> was<00:09:40.959> directly<00:09:41.519> behind 08:18.036 --> 08:18.046 align:start position:0% Now, because the sun was directly behind 08:18.046 --> 08:21.236 align:start position:0% Now, because the sun was directly behind us,<00:09:42.640> there<00:09:42.800> were<00:09:43.040> no<00:09:43.360> shadows<00:09:43.920> cast<00:09:44.480> by<00:09:44.800> three 08:21.236 --> 08:21.246 align:start position:0% us, there were no shadows cast by three 08:21.246 --> 08:23.876 align:start position:0% us, there were no shadows cast by three eye<00:09:45.360> atlases<00:09:45.839> dust<00:09:46.240> particles.<00:09:47.440> Usually, 08:23.876 --> 08:23.886 align:start position:0% eye atlases dust particles. Usually, 08:23.886 --> 08:25.476 align:start position:0% eye atlases dust particles. Usually, these<00:09:48.080> shadows<00:09:48.480> would<00:09:48.800> reduce<00:09:49.120> its 08:25.476 --> 08:25.486 align:start position:0% these shadows would reduce its 08:25.486 --> 08:28.356 align:start position:0% these shadows would reduce its brightness,<00:09:50.240> but<00:09:50.640> in<00:09:50.959> their<00:09:51.200> absence,<00:09:52.000> the 08:28.356 --> 08:28.366 align:start position:0% brightness, but in their absence, the 08:28.366 --> 08:31.955 align:start position:0% brightness, but in their absence, the comet<00:09:52.720> was<00:09:52.959> lit<00:09:53.440> headon.<00:09:54.720> On<00:09:54.959> top<00:09:55.120> of<00:09:55.279> that, 08:31.955 --> 08:31.965 align:start position:0% comet was lit headon. On top of that, 08:31.965 --> 08:34.676 align:start position:0% comet was lit headon. On top of that, the<00:09:56.160> light<00:09:56.320> waves<00:09:56.720> reflecting<00:09:57.360> off<00:09:57.600> that<00:09:57.920> dust 08:34.676 --> 08:34.686 align:start position:0% the light waves reflecting off that dust 08:34.686 --> 08:36.836 align:start position:0% the light waves reflecting off that dust combined<00:09:59.040> in<00:09:59.279> what<00:09:59.440> is<00:09:59.600> called<00:10:00.000> constructive 08:36.836 --> 08:36.846 align:start position:0% combined in what is called constructive 08:36.846 --> 08:40.836 align:start position:0% combined in what is called constructive interference,<00:10:01.839> leading<00:10:02.240> to<00:10:02.480> a<00:10:02.800> massive<00:10:03.760> 20% 08:40.836 --> 08:40.846 align:start position:0% interference, leading to a massive 20% 08:40.846 --> 08:43.316 align:start position:0% interference, leading to a massive 20% increase<00:10:05.040> in<00:10:05.279> brightness.<00:10:06.399> This<00:10:06.640> spiking 08:43.316 --> 08:43.326 align:start position:0% increase in brightness. This spiking 08:43.326 --> 08:45.716 align:start position:0% increase in brightness. This spiking brightness<00:10:07.839> finally<00:10:08.480> allowed<00:10:08.880> scientists<00:10:09.360> to 08:45.716 --> 08:45.726 align:start position:0% brightness finally allowed scientists to 08:45.726 --> 08:47.955 align:start position:0% brightness finally allowed scientists to isolate<00:10:10.080> the<00:10:10.320> nucleus<00:10:10.880> from<00:10:11.200> the<00:10:11.440> glowing 08:47.955 --> 08:47.965 align:start position:0% isolate the nucleus from the glowing 08:47.965 --> 08:50.276 align:start position:0% isolate the nucleus from the glowing shroud<00:10:12.240> around<00:10:12.480> it.<00:10:13.360> The<00:10:13.519> Hubble<00:10:13.920> Space 08:50.276 --> 08:50.286 align:start position:0% shroud around it. The Hubble Space 08:50.286 --> 08:52.676 align:start position:0% shroud around it. The Hubble Space Telescope,<00:10:14.959> which<00:10:15.200> had<00:10:15.600> previously<00:10:16.160> observed 08:52.676 --> 08:52.686 align:start position:0% Telescope, which had previously observed 08:52.686 --> 08:55.556 align:start position:0% Telescope, which had previously observed the<00:10:16.720> comet<00:10:17.040> back<00:10:17.279> in<00:10:17.519> August<00:10:17.920> 2025,<00:10:19.120> took 08:55.556 --> 08:55.566 align:start position:0% the comet back in August 2025, took 08:55.566 --> 08:57.796 align:start position:0% the comet back in August 2025, took another<00:10:19.680> crack<00:10:19.920> at<00:10:20.160> estimating<00:10:20.640> its<00:10:20.959> size, 08:57.796 --> 08:57.806 align:start position:0% another crack at estimating its size, 08:57.806 --> 09:00.996 align:start position:0% another crack at estimating its size, and<00:10:22.000> this<00:10:22.240> time<00:10:22.720> it<00:10:23.040> was<00:10:23.200> successful.<00:10:24.320> We<00:10:24.560> now 09:00.996 --> 09:01.006 align:start position:0% and this time it was successful. We now 09:01.006 --> 09:04.036 align:start position:0% and this time it was successful. We now know<00:10:25.279> that<00:10:25.600> three<00:10:26.079> Atlas's<00:10:26.640> nucleus<00:10:27.440> has<00:10:27.680> a 09:04.036 --> 09:04.046 align:start position:0% know that three Atlas's nucleus has a 09:04.046 --> 09:08.676 align:start position:0% know that three Atlas's nucleus has a radius<00:10:28.399> of<00:10:28.880> 1.3<00:10:29.839> km,<00:10:30.800> which<00:10:31.120> is<00:10:31.440> roughly<00:10:32.240> half 09:08.676 --> 09:08.686 align:start position:0% radius of 1.3 km, which is roughly half 09:08.686 --> 09:12.276 align:start position:0% radius of 1.3 km, which is roughly half of<00:10:32.800> the<00:10:33.200> previous<00:10:33.680> upper<00:10:34.000> estimates.<00:10:35.360> And<00:10:35.839> not 09:12.276 --> 09:12.286 align:start position:0% of the previous upper estimates. And not 09:12.286 --> 09:14.996 align:start position:0% of the previous upper estimates. And not just<00:10:36.320> that,<00:10:37.040> the<00:10:37.279> opposition<00:10:38.079> also<00:10:38.480> gave<00:10:38.720> us 09:14.996 --> 09:15.006 align:start position:0% just that, the opposition also gave us 09:15.006 --> 09:17.395 align:start position:0% just that, the opposition also gave us the<00:10:39.200> perfect<00:10:39.600> opportunity<00:10:40.079> to<00:10:40.320> map<00:10:40.640> out<00:10:40.880> 3 09:17.395 --> 09:17.405 align:start position:0% the perfect opportunity to map out 3 09:17.405 --> 09:20.356 align:start position:0% the perfect opportunity to map out 3 atlas's<00:10:41.920> surface<00:10:42.320> features.<00:10:43.440> By<00:10:43.760> using 09:20.356 --> 09:20.366 align:start position:0% atlas's surface features. By using 09:20.366 --> 09:22.356 align:start position:0% atlas's surface features. By using special<00:10:44.560> filters<00:10:44.959> to<00:10:45.200> remove<00:10:45.440> the<00:10:45.680> symmetric 09:22.356 --> 09:22.366 align:start position:0% special filters to remove the symmetric 09:22.366 --> 09:25.156 align:start position:0% special filters to remove the symmetric glow<00:10:46.480> of<00:10:46.640> the<00:10:46.800> coma,<00:10:47.680> scientists<00:10:48.240> isolated 09:25.156 --> 09:25.166 align:start position:0% glow of the coma, scientists isolated 09:25.166 --> 09:28.036 align:start position:0% glow of the coma, scientists isolated four<00:10:49.519> distinct<00:10:49.920> jets<00:10:50.480> shooting<00:10:51.120> out<00:10:51.440> from<00:10:51.680> the 09:28.036 --> 09:28.046 align:start position:0% four distinct jets shooting out from the 09:28.046 --> 09:30.596 align:start position:0% four distinct jets shooting out from the core.<00:10:52.640> The<00:10:52.880> most<00:10:53.120> prominent<00:10:53.519> was<00:10:53.760> the<00:10:54.000> Sunwood 09:30.596 --> 09:30.606 align:start position:0% core. The most prominent was the Sunwood 09:30.606 --> 09:33.236 align:start position:0% core. The most prominent was the Sunwood jet<00:10:54.800> we<00:10:54.959> had<00:10:55.200> seen<00:10:55.440> before,<00:10:56.160> except<00:10:56.480> now<00:10:56.880> it 09:33.236 --> 09:33.246 align:start position:0% jet we had seen before, except now it 09:33.246 --> 09:35.635 align:start position:0% jet we had seen before, except now it was<00:10:57.279> also<00:10:57.600> pointing<00:10:58.000> directly<00:10:58.399> at<00:10:58.640> us.<00:10:59.279> This 09:35.635 --> 09:35.645 align:start position:0% was also pointing directly at us. This 09:35.645 --> 09:38.836 align:start position:0% was also pointing directly at us. This was<00:10:59.680> joined<00:11:00.079> by<00:11:00.480> three<00:11:00.880> smaller<00:11:01.440> mini<00:11:01.760> jets. 09:38.836 --> 09:38.846 align:start position:0% was joined by three smaller mini jets. 09:38.846 --> 09:40.916 align:start position:0% was joined by three smaller mini jets. Curiously,<00:11:03.440> these<00:11:03.760> were<00:11:04.000> positioned<00:11:04.399> almost 09:40.916 --> 09:40.926 align:start position:0% Curiously, these were positioned almost 09:40.926 --> 09:45.236 align:start position:0% Curiously, these were positioned almost exactly<00:11:06.160> 120°<00:11:06.959> apart,<00:11:07.920> and<00:11:08.160> that<00:11:08.399> symmetry 09:45.236 --> 09:45.246 align:start position:0% exactly 120° apart, and that symmetry 09:45.246 --> 09:48.195 align:start position:0% exactly 120° apart, and that symmetry raised<00:11:09.600> eyebrows.<00:11:10.720> To<00:11:10.959> some,<00:11:11.440> it<00:11:11.680> looked 09:48.195 --> 09:48.205 align:start position:0% raised eyebrows. To some, it looked 09:48.205 --> 09:50.916 align:start position:0% raised eyebrows. To some, it looked almost<00:11:12.480> too<00:11:12.800> precise,<00:11:13.760> fueling<00:11:14.240> even<00:11:14.560> more 09:50.916 --> 09:50.926 align:start position:0% almost too precise, fueling even more 09:50.926 --> 09:52.756 align:start position:0% almost too precise, fueling even more speculation<00:11:15.360> that<00:11:15.600> this<00:11:15.839> might<00:11:16.079> be<00:11:16.320> something 09:52.756 --> 09:52.766 align:start position:0% speculation that this might be something 09:52.766 --> 09:55.716 align:start position:0% speculation that this might be something more<00:11:16.959> than<00:11:17.200> a<00:11:17.440> natural<00:11:17.760> object.<00:11:19.040> But<00:11:19.360> in 09:55.716 --> 09:55.726 align:start position:0% more than a natural object. But in 09:55.726 --> 09:58.515 align:start position:0% more than a natural object. But in reality,<00:11:20.399> such<00:11:20.720> patterns<00:11:21.360> can<00:11:21.760> emerge<00:11:22.240> from 09:58.515 --> 09:58.525 align:start position:0% reality, such patterns can emerge from 09:58.525 --> 10:00.676 align:start position:0% reality, such patterns can emerge from the<00:11:22.640> rotation<00:11:23.200> and<00:11:23.519> internal<00:11:24.079> structure<00:11:24.399> of 10:00.676 --> 10:00.686 align:start position:0% the rotation and internal structure of 10:00.686 --> 10:04.116 align:start position:0% the rotation and internal structure of the<00:11:24.720> comet<00:11:25.120> itself.<00:11:26.160> Even<00:11:26.480> so,<00:11:27.200> the<00:11:27.440> idea<00:11:27.760> of 10:04.116 --> 10:04.126 align:start position:0% the comet itself. Even so, the idea of 10:04.126 --> 10:06.596 align:start position:0% the comet itself. Even so, the idea of alien<00:11:28.480> origins<00:11:29.200> once<00:11:29.519> again<00:11:30.000> captured 10:06.596 --> 10:06.606 align:start position:0% alien origins once again captured 10:06.606 --> 10:09.156 align:start position:0% alien origins once again captured attention.<00:11:31.519> And<00:11:31.760> coincidentally, 10:09.156 --> 10:09.166 align:start position:0% attention. And coincidentally, 10:09.166 --> 10:10.996 align:start position:0% attention. And coincidentally, instruments<00:11:33.600> designed<00:11:34.000> to<00:11:34.160> search<00:11:34.399> for<00:11:34.560> life 10:10.996 --> 10:11.006 align:start position:0% instruments designed to search for life 10:11.006 --> 10:13.635 align:start position:0% instruments designed to search for life elsewhere<00:11:35.680> were<00:11:36.079> already<00:11:36.800> observing<00:11:37.279> the 10:13.635 --> 10:13.645 align:start position:0% elsewhere were already observing the 10:13.645 --> 10:19.476 align:start position:0% elsewhere were already observing the comet. 10:19.476 --> 10:19.486 align:start position:0% 10:19.486 --> 10:22.036 align:start position:0% Three<00:11:43.839> Atlas<00:11:44.399> wasn't<00:11:44.880> just<00:11:45.200> teaching<00:11:45.600> us 10:22.036 --> 10:22.046 align:start position:0% Three Atlas wasn't just teaching us 10:22.046 --> 10:24.276 align:start position:0% Three Atlas wasn't just teaching us about<00:11:46.240> different<00:11:46.560> star<00:11:46.880> systems.<00:11:47.760> It<00:11:48.000> was 10:24.276 --> 10:24.286 align:start position:0% about different star systems. It was 10:24.286 --> 10:26.596 align:start position:0% about different star systems. It was also<00:11:48.480> letting<00:11:48.800> us<00:11:49.040> test<00:11:49.440> our<00:11:49.760> technological 10:26.596 --> 10:26.606 align:start position:0% also letting us test our technological 10:26.606 --> 10:28.756 align:start position:0% also letting us test our technological limits<00:11:51.120> through<00:11:51.680> opportunistic 10:28.756 --> 10:28.766 align:start position:0% limits through opportunistic 10:28.766 --> 10:30.596 align:start position:0% limits through opportunistic observations. 10:30.596 --> 10:30.606 align:start position:0% observations. 10:30.606 --> 10:33.156 align:start position:0% observations. These<00:11:54.880> were<00:11:55.279> unplanned,<00:11:56.160> unexpected 10:33.156 --> 10:33.166 align:start position:0% These were unplanned, unexpected 10:33.166 --> 10:35.635 align:start position:0% These were unplanned, unexpected opportunities<00:11:57.760> to<00:11:58.000> observe<00:11:58.399> the<00:11:58.640> comet<00:11:59.200> using 10:35.635 --> 10:35.645 align:start position:0% opportunities to observe the comet using 10:35.645 --> 10:38.036 align:start position:0% opportunities to observe the comet using spacecrafts<00:12:00.240> and<00:12:00.399> probes<00:12:01.040> already<00:12:01.440> scattered 10:38.036 --> 10:38.046 align:start position:0% spacecrafts and probes already scattered 10:38.046 --> 10:40.515 align:start position:0% spacecrafts and probes already scattered across<00:12:02.240> our<00:12:02.480> solar<00:12:02.800> system. 10:40.515 --> 10:40.525 align:start position:0% across our solar system. 10:40.525 --> 10:42.116 align:start position:0% across our solar system. Right<00:12:04.640> when<00:12:04.800> we<00:12:04.959> were<00:12:05.120> blocked<00:12:05.519> out<00:12:05.680> from 10:42.116 --> 10:42.126 align:start position:0% Right when we were blocked out from 10:42.126 --> 10:44.676 align:start position:0% Right when we were blocked out from Earth-based<00:12:06.639> observations,<00:12:07.680> these<00:12:08.079> robotic 10:44.676 --> 10:44.686 align:start position:0% Earth-based observations, these robotic 10:44.686 --> 10:47.075 align:start position:0% Earth-based observations, these robotic helpers<00:12:09.120> came<00:12:09.279> to<00:12:09.519> the<00:12:09.680> rescue.<00:12:10.560> As<00:12:10.800> I 10:47.075 --> 10:47.085 align:start position:0% helpers came to the rescue. As I 10:47.085 --> 10:48.836 align:start position:0% helpers came to the rescue. As I discussed<00:12:11.279> in<00:12:11.519> my<00:12:11.760> last<00:12:12.079> video<00:12:12.320> about<00:12:12.560> the 10:48.836 --> 10:48.846 align:start position:0% discussed in my last video about the 10:48.846 --> 10:52.195 align:start position:0% discussed in my last video about the comet,<00:12:13.360> missions<00:12:13.839> such<00:12:14.160> as<00:12:14.560> NASA's<00:12:15.120> SOHO, 10:52.195 --> 10:52.205 align:start position:0% comet, missions such as NASA's SOHO, 10:52.205 --> 10:54.755 align:start position:0% comet, missions such as NASA's SOHO, issa's<00:12:16.560> Mars<00:12:16.959> Express,<00:12:17.839> and<00:12:18.160> even<00:12:18.480> the 10:54.755 --> 10:54.765 align:start position:0% issa's Mars Express, and even the 10:54.765 --> 10:56.996 align:start position:0% issa's Mars Express, and even the Perseverance<00:12:19.360> rover<00:12:20.000> caught<00:12:20.480> crucial 10:56.996 --> 10:57.006 align:start position:0% Perseverance rover caught crucial 10:57.006 --> 10:59.316 align:start position:0% Perseverance rover caught crucial glimpses<00:12:21.279> of<00:12:21.440> the<00:12:21.600> comet<00:12:22.240> right<00:12:22.560> when<00:12:22.880> Earth 10:59.316 --> 10:59.326 align:start position:0% glimpses of the comet right when Earth 10:59.326 --> 11:01.876 align:start position:0% glimpses of the comet right when Earth was<00:12:23.440> blinded.<00:12:24.639> And<00:12:24.959> they<00:12:25.120> weren't<00:12:25.440> the<00:12:25.600> only 11:01.876 --> 11:01.886 align:start position:0% was blinded. And they weren't the only 11:01.886 --> 11:04.195 align:start position:0% was blinded. And they weren't the only ones.<00:12:26.480> Even<00:12:26.720> missions<00:12:27.200> still<00:12:27.519> on<00:12:27.680> their<00:12:27.920> way 11:04.195 --> 11:04.205 align:start position:0% ones. Even missions still on their way 11:04.205 --> 11:06.836 align:start position:0% ones. Even missions still on their way to<00:12:28.320> their<00:12:28.560> targets,<00:12:29.279> deep<00:12:29.600> in<00:12:29.839> their<00:12:30.160> cruising 11:06.836 --> 11:06.846 align:start position:0% to their targets, deep in their cruising 11:06.846 --> 11:09.236 align:start position:0% to their targets, deep in their cruising phase,<00:12:31.360> were<00:12:31.600> commanded<00:12:32.000> to<00:12:32.160> wake<00:12:32.399> up<00:12:32.800> and 11:09.236 --> 11:09.246 align:start position:0% phase, were commanded to wake up and 11:09.246 --> 11:12.276 align:start position:0% phase, were commanded to wake up and turn<00:12:33.440> their<00:12:33.680> sights<00:12:34.000> towards<00:12:34.399> this<00:12:34.639> visitor. 11:12.276 --> 11:12.286 align:start position:0% turn their sights towards this visitor. 11:12.286 --> 11:14.916 align:start position:0% turn their sights towards this visitor. One<00:12:36.480> such<00:12:36.800> mission<00:12:37.279> was<00:12:37.440> the<00:12:37.680> Europa<00:12:38.160> Clipper. 11:14.916 --> 11:14.926 align:start position:0% One such mission was the Europa Clipper. 11:14.926 --> 11:17.236 align:start position:0% One such mission was the Europa Clipper. On<00:12:38.959> its<00:12:39.200> way<00:12:39.440> to<00:12:39.680> uncover<00:12:40.160> the<00:12:40.399> secrets<00:12:40.800> of 11:17.236 --> 11:17.246 align:start position:0% On its way to uncover the secrets of 11:17.246 --> 11:19.796 align:start position:0% On its way to uncover the secrets of Europa's<00:12:41.760> hidden<00:12:42.160> oceans. 11:19.796 --> 11:19.806 align:start position:0% Europa's hidden oceans. 11:19.806 --> 11:22.996 align:start position:0% Europa's hidden oceans. On<00:12:43.839> the<00:12:44.000> 6th<00:12:44.240> of<00:12:44.480> November<00:12:45.120> 2025,<00:12:46.320> the<00:12:46.560> probe 11:22.996 --> 11:23.006 align:start position:0% On the 6th of November 2025, the probe 11:23.006 --> 11:25.716 align:start position:0% On the 6th of November 2025, the probe was<00:12:47.040> tasked<00:12:47.360> with<00:12:47.760> 8<00:12:48.160> hours<00:12:48.639> of<00:12:48.959> continuous 11:25.716 --> 11:25.726 align:start position:0% was tasked with 8 hours of continuous 11:25.726 --> 11:28.916 align:start position:0% was tasked with 8 hours of continuous imaging<00:12:50.000> of<00:12:50.320> three<00:12:50.720> Atlas.<00:12:51.760> The<00:12:51.920> spacecraft 11:28.916 --> 11:28.926 align:start position:0% imaging of three Atlas. The spacecraft 11:28.926 --> 11:32.356 align:start position:0% imaging of three Atlas. The spacecraft on<00:12:53.040> its<00:12:53.360> billion<00:12:53.839> km<00:12:54.399> journey<00:12:55.040> was<00:12:55.440> paused, 11:32.356 --> 11:32.366 align:start position:0% on its billion km journey was paused, 11:32.366 --> 11:35.476 align:start position:0% on its billion km journey was paused, reprogrammed,<00:12:57.200> and<00:12:57.600> redirected<00:12:58.880> all<00:12:59.120> to 11:35.476 --> 11:35.486 align:start position:0% reprogrammed, and redirected all to 11:35.486 --> 11:37.955 align:start position:0% reprogrammed, and redirected all to study<00:12:59.600> a<00:12:59.839> visitor<00:13:00.399> no<00:13:00.720> one<00:13:00.959> had<00:13:01.279> known<00:13:01.519> was 11:37.955 --> 11:37.965 align:start position:0% study a visitor no one had known was 11:37.965 --> 11:40.916 align:start position:0% study a visitor no one had known was coming.<00:13:02.800> And<00:13:03.040> the<00:13:03.200> Europa<00:13:03.600> Clipper<00:13:04.320> did<00:13:04.560> not 11:40.916 --> 11:40.926 align:start position:0% coming. And the Europa Clipper did not 11:40.926 --> 11:44.515 align:start position:0% coming. And the Europa Clipper did not disappoint.<00:13:06.000> It<00:13:06.320> beamed<00:13:06.720> back<00:13:07.120> this<00:13:07.519> UV<00:13:08.079> image 11:44.515 --> 11:44.525 align:start position:0% disappoint. It beamed back this UV image 11:44.525 --> 11:46.676 align:start position:0% disappoint. It beamed back this UV image of<00:13:08.480> the<00:13:08.720> comet<00:13:09.360> taken<00:13:09.680> when<00:13:09.839> the<00:13:10.000> spacecraft 11:46.676 --> 11:46.686 align:start position:0% of the comet taken when the spacecraft 11:46.686 --> 11:48.916 align:start position:0% of the comet taken when the spacecraft was<00:13:10.720> about<00:13:11.040> one<00:13:11.279> astronomical<00:13:12.079> unit<00:13:12.480> from 11:48.916 --> 11:48.926 align:start position:0% was about one astronomical unit from 11:48.926 --> 11:52.116 align:start position:0% was about one astronomical unit from ThreeI<00:13:13.279> Atlas.<00:13:14.480> While<00:13:14.880> this<00:13:15.200> might<00:13:15.440> not<00:13:15.760> look 11:52.116 --> 11:52.126 align:start position:0% ThreeI Atlas. While this might not look 11:52.126 --> 11:54.916 align:start position:0% ThreeI Atlas. While this might not look like<00:13:16.320> much<00:13:16.639> to<00:13:16.880> an<00:13:17.200> untrained<00:13:17.760> eye,<00:13:18.399> to<00:13:18.639> a 11:54.916 --> 11:54.926 align:start position:0% like much to an untrained eye, to a 11:54.926 --> 11:57.796 align:start position:0% like much to an untrained eye, to a scientist<00:13:19.600> it<00:13:19.920> is<00:13:20.160> a<00:13:20.480> spectrographic 11:57.796 --> 11:57.806 align:start position:0% scientist it is a spectrographic 11:57.806 --> 12:00.755 align:start position:0% scientist it is a spectrographic treasure.<00:13:22.880> This<00:13:23.120> image<00:13:23.440> was<00:13:23.680> one<00:13:23.920> of<00:13:24.000> the<00:13:24.240> very 12:00.755 --> 12:00.765 align:start position:0% treasure. This image was one of the very 12:00.765 --> 12:03.476 align:start position:0% treasure. This image was one of the very first<00:13:25.040> direct<00:13:25.680> confirmations<00:13:26.399> that<00:13:26.800> comets 12:03.476 --> 12:03.486 align:start position:0% first direct confirmations that comets 12:03.486 --> 12:06.036 align:start position:0% first direct confirmations that comets from<00:13:27.680> other<00:13:27.920> planetary<00:13:28.480> systems<00:13:29.200> contain<00:13:29.680> the 12:06.036 --> 12:06.046 align:start position:0% from other planetary systems contain the 12:06.046 --> 12:08.276 align:start position:0% from other planetary systems contain the same<00:13:30.079> volatiles<00:13:30.720> that<00:13:30.959> we<00:13:31.120> expect<00:13:31.440> to<00:13:31.680> see<00:13:31.760> in 12:08.276 --> 12:08.286 align:start position:0% same volatiles that we expect to see in 12:08.286 --> 12:11.075 align:start position:0% same volatiles that we expect to see in ours.<00:13:32.959> It<00:13:33.200> detected<00:13:33.920> faint<00:13:34.320> dust<00:13:34.560> structures 12:11.075 --> 12:11.085 align:start position:0% ours. It detected faint dust structures 12:11.085 --> 12:13.796 align:start position:0% ours. It detected faint dust structures in<00:13:35.360> three<00:13:35.680> Atlas's<00:13:36.240> tail<00:13:36.800> and<00:13:37.040> confirmed<00:13:37.519> the 12:13.796 --> 12:13.806 align:start position:0% in three Atlas's tail and confirmed the 12:13.806 --> 12:16.195 align:start position:0% in three Atlas's tail and confirmed the presence<00:13:38.000> of<00:13:38.240> hydrogen<00:13:38.800> and<00:13:39.120> oxygen,<00:13:39.839> the 12:16.195 --> 12:16.205 align:start position:0% presence of hydrogen and oxygen, the 12:16.205 --> 12:18.276 align:start position:0% presence of hydrogen and oxygen, the telltale<00:13:40.639> signatures<00:13:41.200> of<00:13:41.440> water<00:13:41.839> ice 12:18.276 --> 12:18.286 align:start position:0% telltale signatures of water ice 12:18.286 --> 12:19.876 align:start position:0% telltale signatures of water ice sublimation. 12:19.876 --> 12:19.886 align:start position:0% sublimation. 12:19.886 --> 12:22.755 align:start position:0% sublimation. And<00:13:44.079> Europa<00:13:44.560> Clever<00:13:44.959> wasn't<00:13:45.200> alone.<00:13:46.160> ESA's 12:22.755 --> 12:22.765 align:start position:0% And Europa Clever wasn't alone. ESA's 12:22.765 --> 12:25.955 align:start position:0% And Europa Clever wasn't alone. ESA's Jupiter<00:13:47.040> Icy<00:13:47.440> Moons<00:13:47.839> Explorer<00:13:48.560> or<00:13:48.959> Juice,<00:13:49.600> the 12:25.955 --> 12:25.965 align:start position:0% Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer or Juice, the 12:25.965 --> 12:28.276 align:start position:0% Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer or Juice, the mission<00:13:50.240> bound<00:13:50.560> for<00:13:50.880> Jupiter's<00:13:51.440> Moons, 12:28.276 --> 12:28.286 align:start position:0% mission bound for Jupiter's Moons, 12:28.286 --> 12:31.476 align:start position:0% mission bound for Jupiter's Moons, beamed<00:13:52.639> back<00:13:52.959> its<00:13:53.279> own<00:13:53.600> images<00:13:54.480> taken<00:13:54.880> on<00:13:55.120> the 12:31.476 --> 12:31.486 align:start position:0% beamed back its own images taken on the 12:31.486 --> 12:34.755 align:start position:0% beamed back its own images taken on the very<00:13:55.600> same<00:13:55.839> day<00:13:56.320> on<00:13:56.480> the<00:13:56.639> 6th<00:13:56.880> of<00:13:57.040> November.<00:13:58.399> As 12:34.755 --> 12:34.765 align:start position:0% very same day on the 6th of November. As 12:34.765 --> 12:37.476 align:start position:0% very same day on the 6th of November. As you<00:13:58.800> can<00:13:58.959> see<00:13:59.120> from<00:13:59.519> how<00:13:59.839> bright<00:14:00.639> Atlas<00:14:01.120> looks 12:37.476 --> 12:37.486 align:start position:0% you can see from how bright Atlas looks 12:37.486 --> 12:40.836 align:start position:0% you can see from how bright Atlas looks here,<00:14:02.000> Juice<00:14:02.480> was<00:14:02.720> a<00:14:03.040> lot<00:14:03.360> closer.<00:14:04.240> From<00:14:04.480> a 12:40.836 --> 12:40.846 align:start position:0% here, Juice was a lot closer. From a 12:40.846 --> 12:45.476 align:start position:0% here, Juice was a lot closer. From a distance<00:14:05.040> of<00:14:05.519> 66<00:14:06.240> million<00:14:06.560> km,<00:14:07.440> it<00:14:07.680> took<00:14:08.880> 120 12:45.476 --> 12:45.486 align:start position:0% distance of 66 million km, it took 120 12:45.486 --> 12:48.195 align:start position:0% distance of 66 million km, it took 120 images<00:14:09.680> of<00:14:09.920> 3<00:14:10.399> Atlas<00:14:10.959> using<00:14:11.360> five<00:14:11.680> of<00:14:11.920> its 12:48.195 --> 12:48.205 align:start position:0% images of 3 Atlas using five of its 12:48.205 --> 12:50.916 align:start position:0% images of 3 Atlas using five of its instruments.<00:14:13.360> Now,<00:14:13.680> you<00:14:13.839> might<00:14:14.079> wonder<00:14:14.399> why 12:50.916 --> 12:50.926 align:start position:0% instruments. Now, you might wonder why 12:50.926 --> 12:53.476 align:start position:0% instruments. Now, you might wonder why we're<00:14:15.199> only<00:14:15.680> just<00:14:16.079> discussing<00:14:16.560> and<00:14:16.880> analyzing 12:53.476 --> 12:53.486 align:start position:0% we're only just discussing and analyzing 12:53.486 --> 12:55.556 align:start position:0% we're only just discussing and analyzing these<00:14:17.600> images<00:14:17.920> that<00:14:18.160> were<00:14:18.399> taken<00:14:18.720> in<00:14:18.959> November 12:55.556 --> 12:55.566 align:start position:0% these images that were taken in November 12:55.566 --> 12:58.996 align:start position:0% these images that were taken in November last<00:14:19.760> year.<00:14:20.720> Well,<00:14:21.120> due<00:14:21.360> to<00:14:21.519> its<00:14:21.760> orientation, 12:58.996 --> 12:59.006 align:start position:0% last year. Well, due to its orientation, 12:59.006 --> 13:01.236 align:start position:0% last year. Well, due to its orientation, Juice<00:14:23.279> is<00:14:23.519> currently<00:14:23.839> using<00:14:24.160> its<00:14:24.560> massive 13:01.236 --> 13:01.246 align:start position:0% Juice is currently using its massive 13:01.246 --> 13:03.876 align:start position:0% Juice is currently using its massive main<00:14:25.440> antenna<00:14:26.000> as<00:14:26.240> a<00:14:26.399> heat<00:14:26.639> shield,<00:14:27.440> meaning 13:03.876 --> 13:03.886 align:start position:0% main antenna as a heat shield, meaning 13:03.886 --> 13:06.356 align:start position:0% main antenna as a heat shield, meaning it<00:14:28.000> had<00:14:28.240> to<00:14:28.399> rely<00:14:28.720> on<00:14:28.880> a<00:14:29.120> much<00:14:29.360> smaller 13:06.356 --> 13:06.366 align:start position:0% it had to rely on a much smaller 13:06.366 --> 13:08.436 align:start position:0% it had to rely on a much smaller secondary<00:14:30.800> antenna<00:14:31.279> to<00:14:31.519> send<00:14:31.680> this<00:14:31.920> data 13:08.436 --> 13:08.446 align:start position:0% secondary antenna to send this data 13:08.446 --> 13:11.236 align:start position:0% secondary antenna to send this data home,<00:14:32.959> leading<00:14:33.279> to<00:14:33.440> a<00:14:33.920> painfully<00:14:34.639> slow 13:11.236 --> 13:11.246 align:start position:0% home, leading to a painfully slow 13:11.246 --> 13:13.476 align:start position:0% home, leading to a painfully slow transmission<00:14:35.600> rate.<00:14:36.399> The<00:14:36.639> full<00:14:36.880> extent<00:14:37.199> of 13:13.476 --> 13:13.486 align:start position:0% transmission rate. The full extent of 13:13.486 --> 13:16.515 align:start position:0% transmission rate. The full extent of what<00:14:37.600> Juice<00:14:37.920> observed<00:14:38.320> in<00:14:38.480> November<00:14:38.959> 2025 13:16.515 --> 13:16.525 align:start position:0% what Juice observed in November 2025 13:16.525 --> 13:19.476 align:start position:0% what Juice observed in November 2025 only<00:14:40.800> made<00:14:40.959> it<00:14:41.120> back<00:14:41.360> to<00:14:41.519> Earth<00:14:42.160> by<00:14:42.560> February 13:19.476 --> 13:19.486 align:start position:0% only made it back to Earth by February 13:19.486 --> 13:20.996 align:start position:0% only made it back to Earth by February 2026. 13:20.996 --> 13:21.006 align:start position:0% 2026. 13:21.006 --> 13:24.356 align:start position:0% 2026. The<00:14:45.120> data,<00:14:45.680> however,<00:14:46.240> was<00:14:46.720> worth<00:14:47.040> the<00:14:47.199> wait. 13:24.356 --> 13:24.366 align:start position:0% The data, however, was worth the wait. 13:24.366 --> 13:27.556 align:start position:0% The data, however, was worth the wait. Look<00:14:48.399> at<00:14:48.560> this<00:14:48.800> video<00:14:49.440> made<00:14:49.760> from<00:14:50.399> 53<00:14:51.120> images 13:27.556 --> 13:27.566 align:start position:0% Look at this video made from 53 images 13:27.566 --> 13:30.676 align:start position:0% Look at this video made from 53 images of<00:14:51.839> three<00:14:52.240> Atlas<00:14:52.800> cruising<00:14:53.279> through<00:14:53.600> space. 13:30.676 --> 13:30.686 align:start position:0% of three Atlas cruising through space. 13:30.686 --> 13:33.315 align:start position:0% of three Atlas cruising through space. This<00:14:54.720> was<00:14:54.959> taken<00:14:55.279> by<00:14:55.600> Juice's<00:14:56.240> Nav<00:14:56.639> Cam<00:14:56.959> or 13:33.315 --> 13:33.325 align:start position:0% This was taken by Juice's Nav Cam or 13:33.325 --> 13:36.036 align:start position:0% This was taken by Juice's Nav Cam or navigation<00:14:57.920> camera.<00:14:58.720> As<00:14:58.959> the<00:14:59.120> name<00:14:59.360> suggests, 13:36.036 --> 13:36.046 align:start position:0% navigation camera. As the name suggests, 13:36.046 --> 13:38.356 align:start position:0% navigation camera. As the name suggests, this<00:15:00.240> camera<00:15:00.639> is<00:15:00.959> more<00:15:01.279> of<00:15:01.440> a<00:15:01.600> guide<00:15:01.839> for<00:15:02.079> the 13:38.356 --> 13:38.366 align:start position:0% this camera is more of a guide for the 13:38.366 --> 13:40.676 align:start position:0% this camera is more of a guide for the spacecraft,<00:15:03.040> meant<00:15:03.360> to<00:15:03.519> snap<00:15:03.920> images<00:15:04.320> of 13:40.676 --> 13:40.686 align:start position:0% spacecraft, meant to snap images of 13:40.686 --> 13:43.075 align:start position:0% spacecraft, meant to snap images of Jupiter's<00:15:05.120> moons<00:15:05.600> only<00:15:05.920> to<00:15:06.079> be<00:15:06.320> processed<00:15:06.720> on 13:43.075 --> 13:43.085 align:start position:0% Jupiter's moons only to be processed on 13:43.085 --> 13:45.796 align:start position:0% Jupiter's moons only to be processed on board<00:15:07.279> and<00:15:07.519> used<00:15:07.760> to<00:15:08.000> update<00:15:08.399> the<00:15:08.639> trajectory. 13:45.796 --> 13:45.806 align:start position:0% board and used to update the trajectory. 13:45.806 --> 13:48.036 align:start position:0% board and used to update the trajectory. It<00:15:09.839> was<00:15:10.079> never<00:15:10.399> really<00:15:10.800> meant<00:15:11.120> for<00:15:11.440> complex 13:48.036 --> 13:48.046 align:start position:0% It was never really meant for complex 13:48.046 --> 13:49.955 align:start position:0% It was never really meant for complex space<00:15:12.240> science,<00:15:12.800> let<00:15:12.959> alone<00:15:13.360> observing 13:49.955 --> 13:49.965 align:start position:0% space science, let alone observing 13:49.965 --> 13:52.916 align:start position:0% space science, let alone observing interstellar<00:15:14.480> comets.<00:15:15.360> So,<00:15:15.760> this<00:15:16.160> really<00:15:16.560> is 13:52.916 --> 13:52.926 align:start position:0% interstellar comets. So, this really is 13:52.926 --> 13:56.596 align:start position:0% interstellar comets. So, this really is a<00:15:16.959> case<00:15:17.199> of<00:15:17.600> right<00:15:17.920> place,<00:15:18.560> right<00:15:18.800> time. 13:56.596 --> 13:56.606 align:start position:0% a case of right place, right time. 13:56.606 --> 13:59.556 align:start position:0% a case of right place, right time. In<00:15:20.800> another<00:15:21.040> nav<00:15:21.440> cam<00:15:21.680> image,<00:15:22.079> we<00:15:22.720> clearly<00:15:23.199> see 13:59.556 --> 13:59.566 align:start position:0% In another nav cam image, we clearly see 13:59.566 --> 14:01.635 align:start position:0% In another nav cam image, we clearly see the<00:15:23.600> glowing<00:15:24.000> coma<00:15:24.399> of<00:15:24.560> gas<00:15:24.800> around<00:15:25.120> 3II 14:01.635 --> 14:01.645 align:start position:0% the glowing coma of gas around 3II 14:01.645 --> 14:04.436 align:start position:0% the glowing coma of gas around 3II Atlas.<00:15:26.320> The<00:15:26.560> plasma<00:15:26.959> tail,<00:15:27.600> a<00:15:27.920> long 14:04.436 --> 14:04.446 align:start position:0% Atlas. The plasma tail, a long 14:04.446 --> 14:07.075 align:start position:0% Atlas. The plasma tail, a long projection<00:15:28.800> of<00:15:29.120> charged<00:15:29.680> fast<00:15:30.079> particles, 14:07.075 --> 14:07.085 align:start position:0% projection of charged fast particles, 14:07.085 --> 14:09.315 align:start position:0% projection of charged fast particles, can<00:15:31.199> also<00:15:31.519> be<00:15:31.680> seen<00:15:32.000> stretching<00:15:32.560> out<00:15:32.800> from<00:15:32.959> the 14:09.315 --> 14:09.325 align:start position:0% can also be seen stretching out from the 14:09.325 --> 14:13.635 align:start position:0% can also be seen stretching out from the comet,<00:15:33.839> and<00:15:34.079> so<00:15:34.480> can<00:15:34.800> its<00:15:35.120> dust<00:15:35.440> tail.<00:15:36.639> And<00:15:37.199> if 14:13.635 --> 14:13.645 align:start position:0% comet, and so can its dust tail. And if 14:13.645 --> 14:15.876 align:start position:0% comet, and so can its dust tail. And if these<00:15:38.000> two<00:15:38.399> Jupiter<00:15:38.880> explorers<00:15:39.440> weren't 14:15.876 --> 14:15.886 align:start position:0% these two Jupiter explorers weren't 14:15.886 --> 14:18.836 align:start position:0% these two Jupiter explorers weren't enough,<00:15:40.560> more<00:15:40.880> missions<00:15:41.360> like<00:15:41.600> NASA's<00:15:42.240> Parker 14:18.836 --> 14:18.846 align:start position:0% enough, more missions like NASA's Parker 14:18.846 --> 14:21.476 align:start position:0% enough, more missions like NASA's Parker Solar<00:15:43.040> Probe<00:15:43.600> and<00:15:43.839> the<00:15:44.000> transiting<00:15:44.639> exoplanet 14:21.476 --> 14:21.486 align:start position:0% Solar Probe and the transiting exoplanet 14:21.486 --> 14:24.596 align:start position:0% Solar Probe and the transiting exoplanet Survey<00:15:45.760> Satellite,<00:15:46.320> or<00:15:46.720> TESS,<00:15:47.680> also<00:15:48.160> joined 14:24.596 --> 14:24.606 align:start position:0% Survey Satellite, or TESS, also joined 14:24.606 --> 14:26.596 align:start position:0% Survey Satellite, or TESS, also joined the<00:15:48.720> effort. 14:26.596 --> 14:26.606 align:start position:0% the effort. 14:26.606 --> 14:28.916 align:start position:0% the effort. The<00:15:50.720> Parker<00:15:51.120> probe,<00:15:51.680> speeding<00:15:52.240> away<00:15:52.480> from<00:15:52.639> the 14:28.916 --> 14:28.926 align:start position:0% The Parker probe, speeding away from the 14:28.926 --> 14:31.556 align:start position:0% The Parker probe, speeding away from the sun<00:15:53.040> during<00:15:53.360> its<00:15:53.600> 25th<00:15:54.240> solar<00:15:54.560> flyby, 14:31.556 --> 14:31.566 align:start position:0% sun during its 25th solar flyby, 14:31.566 --> 14:33.955 align:start position:0% sun during its 25th solar flyby, captured<00:15:55.920> 10<00:15:56.240> images<00:15:56.560> of<00:15:56.720> Syria<00:15:57.120> Atlas<00:15:57.519> every 14:33.955 --> 14:33.965 align:start position:0% captured 10 images of Syria Atlas every 14:33.965 --> 14:37.075 align:start position:0% captured 10 images of Syria Atlas every day<00:15:58.079> for<00:15:58.560> 18<00:15:59.040> consecutive<00:15:59.680> days,<00:16:00.480> giving<00:16:00.720> us 14:37.075 --> 14:37.085 align:start position:0% day for 18 consecutive days, giving us 14:37.085 --> 14:40.116 align:start position:0% day for 18 consecutive days, giving us these<00:16:01.519> incredible<00:16:02.240> videos<00:16:02.560> of<00:16:02.720> the<00:16:02.880> comet. 14:40.116 --> 14:40.126 align:start position:0% these incredible videos of the comet. 14:40.126 --> 14:42.116 align:start position:0% these incredible videos of the comet. But<00:16:04.240> if<00:16:04.399> you<00:16:04.560> felt<00:16:04.800> a<00:16:05.040> bit<00:16:05.279> dizzy<00:16:05.600> trying<00:16:05.839> to 14:42.116 --> 14:42.126 align:start position:0% But if you felt a bit dizzy trying to 14:42.126 --> 14:44.276 align:start position:0% But if you felt a bit dizzy trying to spot<00:16:06.240> the<00:16:06.480> comet<00:16:06.800> in<00:16:06.959> these<00:16:07.199> shots,<00:16:07.920> don't 14:44.276 --> 14:44.286 align:start position:0% spot the comet in these shots, don't 14:44.286 --> 14:47.635 align:start position:0% spot the comet in these shots, don't worry.<00:16:08.880> TESS<00:16:09.279> has<00:16:09.519> you<00:16:09.680> covered.<00:16:10.880> This<00:16:11.199> wasn't 14:47.635 --> 14:47.645 align:start position:0% worry. TESS has you covered. This wasn't 14:47.645 --> 14:49.635 align:start position:0% worry. TESS has you covered. This wasn't the<00:16:11.759> first<00:16:11.920> time<00:16:12.160> TESS<00:16:12.560> had<00:16:12.720> seen<00:16:13.040> ThreeI 14:49.635 --> 14:49.645 align:start position:0% the first time TESS had seen ThreeI 14:49.645 --> 14:52.836 align:start position:0% the first time TESS had seen ThreeI Atlas.<00:16:14.399> Back<00:16:14.720> in<00:16:14.880> May<00:16:15.199> 2025,<00:16:16.160> it<00:16:16.480> had 14:52.836 --> 14:52.846 align:start position:0% Atlas. Back in May 2025, it had 14:52.846 --> 14:55.716 align:start position:0% Atlas. Back in May 2025, it had unknowingly<00:16:17.600> observed<00:16:18.000> the<00:16:18.160> comet<00:16:18.720> 3<00:16:19.120> months 14:55.716 --> 14:55.726 align:start position:0% unknowingly observed the comet 3 months 14:55.726 --> 14:58.195 align:start position:0% unknowingly observed the comet 3 months before<00:16:19.839> its<00:16:20.160> official<00:16:20.480> discovery.<00:16:21.680> But<00:16:21.839> this 14:58.195 --> 14:58.205 align:start position:0% before its official discovery. But this 14:58.205 --> 15:00.036 align:start position:0% before its official discovery. But this time,<00:16:22.560> it<00:16:22.800> knew<00:16:23.040> exactly<00:16:23.360> what<00:16:23.519> it<00:16:23.759> was 15:00.036 --> 15:00.046 align:start position:0% time, it knew exactly what it was 15:00.046 --> 15:03.236 align:start position:0% time, it knew exactly what it was looking<00:16:24.079> for.<00:16:24.880> Using<00:16:25.360> 28<00:16:26.079> hours<00:16:26.320> of<00:16:26.560> test<00:16:26.800> data 15:03.236 --> 15:03.246 align:start position:0% looking for. Using 28 hours of test data 15:03.246 --> 15:06.436 align:start position:0% looking for. Using 28 hours of test data from<00:16:27.279> mid<00:16:27.519> January,<00:16:28.160> MIT's<00:16:28.880> Daniel<00:16:29.279> Mutrishna 15:06.436 --> 15:06.446 align:start position:0% from mid January, MIT's Daniel Mutrishna 15:06.446 --> 15:09.315 align:start position:0% from mid January, MIT's Daniel Mutrishna compiled<00:16:30.880> a<00:16:31.199> series<00:16:31.519> of<00:16:31.759> images<00:16:32.320> into<00:16:32.639> a<00:16:32.959> video 15:09.315 --> 15:09.325 align:start position:0% compiled a series of images into a video 15:09.325 --> 15:12.195 align:start position:0% compiled a series of images into a video that<00:16:33.440> showi<00:16:34.480> atlas<00:16:34.800> as<00:16:35.040> a<00:16:35.120> bright<00:16:35.360> dot<00:16:35.680> with<00:16:35.920> a 15:12.195 --> 15:12.205 align:start position:0% that showi atlas as a bright dot with a 15:12.205 --> 15:14.916 align:start position:0% that showi atlas as a bright dot with a tail<00:16:36.720> moving<00:16:37.199> steadily<00:16:37.759> against<00:16:38.160> a<00:16:38.399> backdrop 15:14.916 --> 15:14.926 align:start position:0% tail moving steadily against a backdrop 15:14.926 --> 15:17.395 align:start position:0% tail moving steadily against a backdrop of<00:16:39.040> distant<00:16:39.440> stars.<00:16:40.480> Together,<00:16:40.959> these 15:17.395 --> 15:17.405 align:start position:0% of distant stars. Together, these 15:17.405 --> 15:20.116 align:start position:0% of distant stars. Together, these observations<00:16:41.920> represent<00:16:42.480> something<00:16:42.880> rare.<00:16:43.759> A 15:20.116 --> 15:20.126 align:start position:0% observations represent something rare. A 15:20.126 --> 15:22.515 align:start position:0% observations represent something rare. A moment<00:16:44.320> where<00:16:44.720> the<00:16:45.040> entire<00:16:45.519> space<00:16:45.920> community 15:22.515 --> 15:22.525 align:start position:0% moment where the entire space community 15:22.525 --> 15:26.916 align:start position:0% moment where the entire space community came<00:16:46.639> together.<00:16:47.680> NASA,<00:16:48.480> issa,<00:16:49.040> JAXA,<00:16:49.759> ISRO, 15:26.916 --> 15:26.926 align:start position:0% came together. NASA, issa, JAXA, ISRO, 15:26.926 --> 15:30.116 align:start position:0% came together. NASA, issa, JAXA, ISRO, multiple<00:16:51.279> agencies,<00:16:52.399> multiple<00:16:52.880> instruments, 15:30.116 --> 15:30.126 align:start position:0% multiple agencies, multiple instruments, 15:30.126 --> 15:32.916 align:start position:0% multiple agencies, multiple instruments, all<00:16:54.320> focused<00:16:54.800> on<00:16:54.959> a<00:16:55.199> single<00:16:55.519> visitor.<00:16:56.560> Each 15:32.916 --> 15:32.926 align:start position:0% all focused on a single visitor. Each 15:32.926 --> 15:35.395 align:start position:0% all focused on a single visitor. Each mission<00:16:57.279> contributing<00:16:58.079> its<00:16:58.480> own<00:16:58.720> piece<00:16:59.040> to 15:35.395 --> 15:35.405 align:start position:0% mission contributing its own piece to 15:35.405 --> 15:37.716 align:start position:0% mission contributing its own piece to the<00:16:59.440> puzzle.<00:17:00.320> And<00:17:00.480> together,<00:17:01.040> they<00:17:01.360> have 15:37.716 --> 15:37.726 align:start position:0% the puzzle. And together, they have 15:37.726 --> 15:39.955 align:start position:0% the puzzle. And together, they have revealed<00:17:02.079> how<00:17:02.240> an<00:17:02.480> interstellar<00:17:03.120> comic<00:17:03.519> like 15:39.955 --> 15:39.965 align:start position:0% revealed how an interstellar comic like 15:39.965 --> 15:43.236 align:start position:0% revealed how an interstellar comic like ThreeI<00:17:04.240> Atlas<00:17:04.799> behaves.<00:17:06.160> But<00:17:06.319> to<00:17:06.559> understand 15:43.236 --> 15:43.246 align:start position:0% ThreeI Atlas behaves. But to understand 15:43.246 --> 15:45.955 align:start position:0% ThreeI Atlas behaves. But to understand what<00:17:07.360> it<00:17:07.600> is,<00:17:08.240> we<00:17:08.559> have<00:17:08.640> to<00:17:08.880> ask<00:17:09.120> a<00:17:09.439> different 15:45.955 --> 15:45.965 align:start position:0% what it is, we have to ask a different 15:45.965 --> 15:53.155 align:start position:0% what it is, we have to ask a different question.<00:17:11.039> Where<00:17:11.520> did<00:17:12.000> it<00:17:12.319> come<00:17:12.559> from? 15:53.155 --> 15:53.165 align:start position:0% 15:53.165 --> 15:55.396 align:start position:0% This<00:17:17.280> is<00:17:17.360> where<00:17:17.679> things<00:17:18.000> get<00:17:18.240> a<00:17:18.559> bit<00:17:18.880> more 15:55.396 --> 15:55.406 align:start position:0% This is where things get a bit more 15:55.406 --> 15:58.356 align:start position:0% This is where things get a bit more complex.<00:17:20.319> We<00:17:20.559> can't<00:17:21.039> really<00:17:21.520> reconstruct<00:17:22.000> the 15:58.356 --> 15:58.366 align:start position:0% complex. We can't really reconstruct the 15:58.366 --> 16:00.435 align:start position:0% complex. We can't really reconstruct the comet's<00:17:22.640> travel<00:17:22.959> history<00:17:23.360> more<00:17:23.600> than<00:17:23.839> a<00:17:24.079> few 16:00.435 --> 16:00.445 align:start position:0% comet's travel history more than a few 16:00.445 --> 16:02.996 align:start position:0% comet's travel history more than a few million<00:17:24.720> years<00:17:24.880> into<00:17:25.199> the<00:17:25.360> past.<00:17:26.160> So,<00:17:26.480> we<00:17:26.720> have 16:02.996 --> 16:03.006 align:start position:0% million years into the past. So, we have 16:03.006 --> 16:05.396 align:start position:0% million years into the past. So, we have to<00:17:27.039> resort<00:17:27.360> to<00:17:27.600> what<00:17:27.839> we<00:17:28.000> can<00:17:28.240> see,<00:17:29.039> the 16:05.396 --> 16:05.406 align:start position:0% to resort to what we can see, the 16:05.406 --> 16:08.276 align:start position:0% to resort to what we can see, the physical<00:17:29.919> and<00:17:30.320> chemical<00:17:30.799> features<00:17:31.520> to<00:17:31.840> make 16:08.276 --> 16:08.286 align:start position:0% physical and chemical features to make 16:08.286 --> 16:11.155 align:start position:0% physical and chemical features to make educated<00:17:32.799> guesses<00:17:33.280> about<00:17:33.600> 3<00:17:34.000> Atlas's<00:17:34.640> home 16:11.155 --> 16:11.165 align:start position:0% educated guesses about 3 Atlas's home 16:11.165 --> 16:14.996 align:start position:0% educated guesses about 3 Atlas's home and<00:17:35.360> age.<00:17:36.400> Back<00:17:36.640> in<00:17:36.880> August<00:17:37.280> 2025,<00:17:38.400> one<00:17:38.640> of<00:17:38.720> the 16:14.996 --> 16:15.006 align:start position:0% and age. Back in August 2025, one of the 16:15.006 --> 16:17.236 align:start position:0% and age. Back in August 2025, one of the first<00:17:39.200> estimates<00:17:39.600> of<00:17:39.760> ThreeI<00:17:40.160> Atlas's<00:17:40.640> age 16:17.236 --> 16:17.246 align:start position:0% first estimates of ThreeI Atlas's age 16:17.246 --> 16:19.155 align:start position:0% first estimates of ThreeI Atlas's age came<00:17:41.360> from<00:17:41.600> something<00:17:42.000> called<00:17:42.240> the<00:17:42.640> age 16:19.155 --> 16:19.165 align:start position:0% came from something called the age 16:19.165 --> 16:21.556 align:start position:0% came from something called the age velocity<00:17:43.760> dispersion<00:17:44.400> relation. 16:21.556 --> 16:21.566 align:start position:0% velocity dispersion relation. 16:21.566 --> 16:23.876 align:start position:0% velocity dispersion relation. Essentially,<00:17:46.240> the<00:17:46.559> relationship<00:17:47.120> says<00:17:47.440> that 16:23.876 --> 16:23.886 align:start position:0% Essentially, the relationship says that 16:23.886 --> 16:26.915 align:start position:0% Essentially, the relationship says that the<00:17:48.160> older<00:17:48.640> objects<00:17:49.039> in<00:17:49.280> the<00:17:49.360> Milky<00:17:49.679> Way<00:17:49.919> are, 16:26.915 --> 16:26.925 align:start position:0% the older objects in the Milky Way are, 16:26.925 --> 16:29.636 align:start position:0% the older objects in the Milky Way are, the<00:17:51.039> faster<00:17:51.440> they<00:17:51.760> travel<00:17:52.080> through<00:17:52.400> space. 16:29.636 --> 16:29.646 align:start position:0% the faster they travel through space. 16:29.646 --> 16:31.956 align:start position:0% the faster they travel through space. 3II<00:17:54.000> Atlas<00:17:54.480> was<00:17:54.720> clocked<00:17:55.120> at<00:17:55.360> more<00:17:55.520> than 16:31.956 --> 16:31.966 align:start position:0% 3II Atlas was clocked at more than 16:31.966 --> 16:35.716 align:start position:0% 3II Atlas was clocked at more than 200,000<00:17:56.880> km/h,<00:17:58.160> nearly<00:17:58.559> twice<00:17:58.960> as<00:17:59.200> fast<00:17:59.440> as 16:35.716 --> 16:35.726 align:start position:0% 200,000 km/h, nearly twice as fast as 16:35.726 --> 16:39.076 align:start position:0% 200,000 km/h, nearly twice as fast as the<00:17:59.760> Earth<00:18:00.000> is<00:18:00.240> moving<00:18:00.799> and<00:18:01.200> 2.2<00:18:02.080> times<00:18:02.480> Amuam 16:39.076 --> 16:39.086 align:start position:0% the Earth is moving and 2.2 times Amuam 16:39.086 --> 16:42.436 align:start position:0% the Earth is moving and 2.2 times Amuam Mua's<00:18:03.440> velocity.<00:18:04.559> This<00:18:04.880> meant<00:18:05.360> that<00:18:05.840> threeey 16:42.436 --> 16:42.446 align:start position:0% Mua's velocity. This meant that threeey 16:42.446 --> 16:44.836 align:start position:0% Mua's velocity. This meant that threeey atlas<00:18:06.799> was<00:18:07.200> ancient. 16:44.836 --> 16:44.846 align:start position:0% atlas was ancient. 16:44.846 --> 16:47.396 align:start position:0% atlas was ancient. A<00:18:08.960> study<00:18:09.440> led<00:18:09.760> by<00:18:10.000> Aster<00:18:10.480> Taylor<00:18:10.880> from<00:18:11.039> the 16:47.396 --> 16:47.406 align:start position:0% A study led by Aster Taylor from the 16:47.406 --> 16:49.636 align:start position:0% A study led by Aster Taylor from the University<00:18:11.679> of<00:18:11.840> Michigan<00:18:12.559> estimated<00:18:13.039> its<00:18:13.280> age 16:49.636 --> 16:49.646 align:start position:0% University of Michigan estimated its age 16:49.646 --> 16:52.596 align:start position:0% University of Michigan estimated its age to<00:18:13.760> be<00:18:14.000> between<00:18:14.640> 3<00:18:15.039> and<00:18:15.440> 11<00:18:15.840> billion<00:18:16.240> years 16:52.596 --> 16:52.606 align:start position:0% to be between 3 and 11 billion years 16:52.606 --> 16:55.716 align:start position:0% to be between 3 and 11 billion years old.<00:18:17.200> But<00:18:17.440> a<00:18:17.600> more<00:18:17.840> recent<00:18:18.240> analysis<00:18:18.960> led<00:18:19.280> by 16:55.716 --> 16:55.726 align:start position:0% old. But a more recent analysis led by 16:55.726 --> 16:58.516 align:start position:0% old. But a more recent analysis led by NASA's<00:18:20.160> Martin<00:18:20.640> Cordner<00:18:21.360> and<00:18:21.600> based<00:18:21.919> on<00:18:22.080> the 16:58.516 --> 16:58.526 align:start position:0% NASA's Martin Cordner and based on the 16:58.526 --> 17:01.236 align:start position:0% NASA's Martin Cordner and based on the comet's<00:18:23.039> carbon<00:18:23.520> isotopes<00:18:24.559> pushed<00:18:24.880> that 17:01.236 --> 17:01.246 align:start position:0% comet's carbon isotopes pushed that 17:01.246 --> 17:05.076 align:start position:0% comet's carbon isotopes pushed that estimate<00:18:25.679> even<00:18:26.000> further<00:18:26.799> between<00:18:27.280> 10<00:18:27.919> and<00:18:28.400> 12 17:05.076 --> 17:05.086 align:start position:0% estimate even further between 10 and 12 17:05.086 --> 17:09.476 align:start position:0% estimate even further between 10 and 12 billion<00:18:29.360> years<00:18:29.600> old.<00:18:30.880> That<00:18:31.440> is<00:18:31.679> just<00:18:32.400> 1.8 17:09.476 --> 17:09.486 align:start position:0% billion years old. That is just 1.8 17:09.486 --> 17:12.996 align:start position:0% billion years old. That is just 1.8 billion<00:18:33.840> years<00:18:34.400> after<00:18:34.720> the<00:18:34.960> Big<00:18:35.280> Bang.<00:18:36.320> It<00:18:36.559> is 17:12.996 --> 17:13.006 align:start position:0% billion years after the Big Bang. It is 17:13.006 --> 17:15.396 align:start position:0% billion years after the Big Bang. It is entirely<00:18:37.600> possible<00:18:38.320> that<00:18:38.559> the<00:18:38.799> star<00:18:39.039> that 17:15.396 --> 17:15.406 align:start position:0% entirely possible that the star that 17:15.406 --> 17:18.915 align:start position:0% entirely possible that the star that birthed<00:18:39.679> this<00:18:39.840> comet<00:18:40.480> is<00:18:40.880> already<00:18:41.360> dead. 17:18.915 --> 17:18.925 align:start position:0% birthed this comet is already dead. 17:18.925 --> 17:21.316 align:start position:0% birthed this comet is already dead. So,<00:18:43.120> we<00:18:43.440> have<00:18:43.760> somewhat<00:18:44.160> of<00:18:44.320> a<00:18:44.480> range<00:18:44.720> of<00:18:44.960> how 17:21.316 --> 17:21.326 align:start position:0% So, we have somewhat of a range of how 17:21.326 --> 17:24.196 align:start position:0% So, we have somewhat of a range of how old<00:18:45.440> this<00:18:45.679> comet<00:18:46.080> could<00:18:46.400> be.<00:18:47.440> But<00:18:47.679> where<00:18:47.919> in 17:24.196 --> 17:24.206 align:start position:0% old this comet could be. But where in 17:24.206 --> 17:26.516 align:start position:0% old this comet could be. But where in our<00:18:48.320> galaxy<00:18:48.640> did<00:18:48.799> it<00:18:48.960> come<00:18:49.120> from,<00:18:49.760> and<00:18:50.080> what 17:26.516 --> 17:26.526 align:start position:0% our galaxy did it come from, and what 17:26.526 --> 17:29.316 align:start position:0% our galaxy did it come from, and what kind<00:18:50.640> of<00:18:50.799> star<00:18:51.200> did<00:18:51.440> it<00:18:51.600> orbit? 17:29.316 --> 17:29.326 align:start position:0% kind of star did it orbit? 17:29.326 --> 17:32.356 align:start position:0% kind of star did it orbit? Back<00:18:53.440> in<00:18:53.679> August<00:18:54.160> 2025,<00:18:55.120> Matthew<00:18:55.520> Hopkins<00:18:56.080> and 17:32.356 --> 17:32.366 align:start position:0% Back in August 2025, Matthew Hopkins and 17:32.366 --> 17:34.756 align:start position:0% Back in August 2025, Matthew Hopkins and his<00:18:56.400> team<00:18:56.799> wanted<00:18:57.039> to<00:18:57.280> answer<00:18:57.679> exactly<00:18:58.240> these 17:34.756 --> 17:34.766 align:start position:0% his team wanted to answer exactly these 17:34.766 --> 17:38.116 align:start position:0% his team wanted to answer exactly these questions.<00:18:59.760> They<00:19:00.080> used<00:19:00.640> Gaia's<00:19:01.200> catalog<00:19:01.760> of 17:38.116 --> 17:38.126 align:start position:0% questions. They used Gaia's catalog of 17:38.126 --> 17:41.155 align:start position:0% questions. They used Gaia's catalog of nearly<00:19:02.400> 2<00:19:02.799> billion<00:19:03.200> stars<00:19:04.000> and<00:19:04.240> reconstructed 17:41.155 --> 17:41.165 align:start position:0% nearly 2 billion stars and reconstructed 17:41.165 --> 17:43.956 align:start position:0% nearly 2 billion stars and reconstructed trajectory<00:19:05.440> of<00:19:05.679> 3<00:19:06.160> atlas<00:19:06.720> to<00:19:06.960> project<00:19:07.440> a 17:43.956 --> 17:43.966 align:start position:0% trajectory of 3 atlas to project a 17:43.966 --> 17:47.236 align:start position:0% trajectory of 3 atlas to project a radiant<00:19:08.480> into<00:19:08.799> the<00:19:09.039> galaxy.<00:19:10.160> essentially<00:19:10.799> the 17:47.236 --> 17:47.246 align:start position:0% radiant into the galaxy. essentially the 17:47.246 --> 17:49.556 align:start position:0% radiant into the galaxy. essentially the path<00:19:11.360> that<00:19:11.600> the<00:19:11.760> comet<00:19:12.160> took<00:19:12.480> to<00:19:12.720> get<00:19:12.960> to<00:19:13.200> our 17:49.556 --> 17:49.566 align:start position:0% path that the comet took to get to our 17:49.566 --> 17:52.276 align:start position:0% path that the comet took to get to our solar<00:19:13.679> system.<00:19:14.880> Their<00:19:15.039> results<00:19:15.440> suggest<00:19:15.840> that 17:52.276 --> 17:52.286 align:start position:0% solar system. Their results suggest that 17:52.286 --> 17:54.276 align:start position:0% solar system. Their results suggest that Threra<00:19:16.640> atlas<00:19:17.039> came<00:19:17.200> from<00:19:17.440> the<00:19:17.600> region<00:19:17.840> of<00:19:18.000> the 17:54.276 --> 17:54.286 align:start position:0% Threra atlas came from the region of the 17:54.286 --> 17:57.716 align:start position:0% Threra atlas came from the region of the galaxy<00:19:18.640> called<00:19:19.039> the<00:19:19.360> thick<00:19:19.760> disc.<00:19:21.120> First 17:57.716 --> 17:57.726 align:start position:0% galaxy called the thick disc. First 17:57.726 --> 18:00.756 align:start position:0% galaxy called the thick disc. First identified<00:19:22.000> in<00:19:22.240> 1982,<00:19:23.440> the<00:19:23.760> thick<00:19:24.160> disc<00:19:24.480> of 18:00.756 --> 18:00.766 align:start position:0% identified in 1982, the thick disc of 18:00.766 --> 18:03.076 align:start position:0% identified in 1982, the thick disc of the<00:19:24.799> Milky<00:19:25.120> Way<00:19:25.440> is<00:19:25.679> an<00:19:26.080> over<00:19:26.400> density<00:19:26.799> of 18:03.076 --> 18:03.086 align:start position:0% the Milky Way is an over density of 18:03.086 --> 18:05.716 align:start position:0% the Milky Way is an over density of stars<00:19:27.280> that<00:19:27.440> is<00:19:27.600> spread<00:19:28.080> far<00:19:28.480> above<00:19:28.880> and<00:19:29.200> below 18:05.716 --> 18:05.726 align:start position:0% stars that is spread far above and below 18:05.726 --> 18:08.675 align:start position:0% stars that is spread far above and below the<00:19:29.840> galaxy's<00:19:30.480> main<00:19:30.799> plane.<00:19:31.520> A<00:19:31.760> region<00:19:32.240> much 18:08.675 --> 18:08.685 align:start position:0% the galaxy's main plane. A region much 18:08.685 --> 18:11.076 align:start position:0% the galaxy's main plane. A region much more<00:19:32.880> extended<00:19:33.440> than<00:19:33.679> the<00:19:33.840> thin<00:19:34.240> disc<00:19:34.480> or<00:19:34.720> the 18:11.076 --> 18:11.086 align:start position:0% more extended than the thin disc or the 18:11.086 --> 18:13.316 align:start position:0% more extended than the thin disc or the flatter<00:19:35.440> region<00:19:36.000> where<00:19:36.320> most<00:19:36.640> stars, 18:13.316 --> 18:13.326 align:start position:0% flatter region where most stars, 18:13.326 --> 18:15.876 align:start position:0% flatter region where most stars, including<00:19:37.600> our<00:19:37.919> sun,<00:19:38.400> reside. 18:15.876 --> 18:15.886 align:start position:0% including our sun, reside. 18:15.886 --> 18:18.035 align:start position:0% including our sun, reside. The<00:19:40.000> stars<00:19:40.240> in<00:19:40.400> the<00:19:40.559> thick<00:19:40.880> disc<00:19:41.360> are<00:19:41.600> some<00:19:41.760> of 18:18.035 --> 18:18.045 align:start position:0% The stars in the thick disc are some of 18:18.045 --> 18:20.756 align:start position:0% The stars in the thick disc are some of the<00:19:42.080> oldest<00:19:42.480> in<00:19:42.720> the<00:19:42.880> galaxy.<00:19:43.760> Almost<00:19:44.240> all<00:19:44.480> of 18:20.756 --> 18:20.766 align:start position:0% the oldest in the galaxy. Almost all of 18:20.766 --> 18:22.996 align:start position:0% the oldest in the galaxy. Almost all of them<00:19:44.960> are<00:19:45.200> more<00:19:45.360> than<00:19:45.520> 10<00:19:45.840> billion<00:19:46.160> years<00:19:46.400> old 18:22.996 --> 18:23.006 align:start position:0% them are more than 10 billion years old 18:23.006 --> 18:25.316 align:start position:0% them are more than 10 billion years old with<00:19:47.120> low<00:19:47.440> metalicities<00:19:48.320> similar<00:19:48.640> to<00:19:48.880> those 18:25.316 --> 18:25.326 align:start position:0% with low metalicities similar to those 18:25.326 --> 18:28.276 align:start position:0% with low metalicities similar to those we<00:19:49.440> see<00:19:49.600> in<00:19:49.840> older<00:19:50.320> population<00:19:50.880> stars.<00:19:51.919> And 18:28.276 --> 18:28.286 align:start position:0% we see in older population stars. And 18:28.286 --> 18:30.356 align:start position:0% we see in older population stars. And because<00:19:52.400> they<00:19:52.720> have<00:19:52.960> low<00:19:53.280> metallicities, 18:30.356 --> 18:30.366 align:start position:0% because they have low metallicities, 18:30.366 --> 18:33.155 align:start position:0% because they have low metallicities, Hopkins<00:19:54.799> expected<00:19:55.280> to<00:19:55.520> see<00:19:55.760> a<00:19:56.080> higher<00:19:56.640> water 18:33.155 --> 18:33.165 align:start position:0% Hopkins expected to see a higher water 18:33.165 --> 18:35.876 align:start position:0% Hopkins expected to see a higher water content<00:19:57.360> in<00:19:57.679> three<00:19:58.000> Atlas<00:19:58.720> and<00:19:58.960> predicted<00:19:59.440> a 18:35.876 --> 18:35.886 align:start position:0% content in three Atlas and predicted a 18:35.886 --> 18:38.356 align:start position:0% content in three Atlas and predicted a massive<00:20:00.240> outpouring<00:20:00.799> of<00:20:01.039> water<00:20:01.440> as<00:20:01.679> the<00:20:01.840> comet 18:38.356 --> 18:38.366 align:start position:0% massive outpouring of water as the comet 18:38.366 --> 18:41.076 align:start position:0% massive outpouring of water as the comet got<00:20:02.400> closer<00:20:02.720> to<00:20:02.880> the<00:20:03.039> sun,<00:20:03.760> which<00:20:04.320> we<00:20:04.559> now<00:20:04.799> know 18:41.076 --> 18:41.086 align:start position:0% got closer to the sun, which we now know 18:41.086 --> 18:44.276 align:start position:0% got closer to the sun, which we now know was<00:20:05.280> right.<00:20:06.160> 3i<00:20:06.559> Atlas<00:20:07.039> was<00:20:07.360> spewing<00:20:07.840> water 18:44.276 --> 18:44.286 align:start position:0% was right. 3i Atlas was spewing water 18:44.286 --> 18:46.996 align:start position:0% was right. 3i Atlas was spewing water like<00:20:08.400> an<00:20:08.640> open<00:20:08.960> fire<00:20:09.280> hose<00:20:09.840> at<00:20:10.000> a<00:20:10.240> rate<00:20:10.400> of<00:20:10.559> 40 18:46.996 --> 18:47.006 align:start position:0% like an open fire hose at a rate of 40 18:47.006 --> 18:50.596 align:start position:0% like an open fire hose at a rate of 40 kg<00:20:11.520> per<00:20:11.840> second<00:20:12.720> and<00:20:12.960> hidden<00:20:13.440> within.<00:20:14.160> This 18:50.596 --> 18:50.606 align:start position:0% kg per second and hidden within. This 18:50.606 --> 18:54.675 align:start position:0% kg per second and hidden within. This was<00:20:14.720> a<00:20:15.120> crucial<00:20:15.520> clue. 18:54.675 --> 18:54.685 align:start position:0% 18:54.685 --> 18:57.236 align:start position:0% A<00:20:18.799> paper<00:20:19.120> released<00:20:19.520> in<00:20:19.840> March<00:20:20.240> 2026 18:57.236 --> 18:57.246 align:start position:0% A paper released in March 2026 18:57.246 --> 18:59.795 align:start position:0% A paper released in March 2026 investigated<00:20:21.919> the<00:20:22.160> detium<00:20:22.960> enrichment<00:20:23.520> of 18:59.795 --> 18:59.805 align:start position:0% investigated the detium enrichment of 18:59.805 --> 19:02.675 align:start position:0% investigated the detium enrichment of the<00:20:23.840> water<00:20:24.160> released<00:20:24.400> by<00:20:24.559> 3II<00:20:25.039> Atlas.<00:20:25.840> Detium 19:02.675 --> 19:02.685 align:start position:0% the water released by 3II Atlas. Detium 19:02.685 --> 19:05.316 align:start position:0% the water released by 3II Atlas. Detium is<00:20:26.799> a<00:20:27.039> heavier<00:20:27.440> isotope<00:20:27.919> of<00:20:28.080> hydrogen<00:20:28.960> and 19:05.316 --> 19:05.326 align:start position:0% is a heavier isotope of hydrogen and 19:05.326 --> 19:07.636 align:start position:0% is a heavier isotope of hydrogen and studying<00:20:29.600> the<00:20:29.840> detium<00:20:30.320> to<00:20:30.559> hydrogen<00:20:31.039> ratio<00:20:31.360> of 19:07.636 --> 19:07.646 align:start position:0% studying the detium to hydrogen ratio of 19:07.646 --> 19:10.196 align:start position:0% studying the detium to hydrogen ratio of an<00:20:31.760> object<00:20:32.159> acts<00:20:32.480> as<00:20:32.640> a<00:20:32.880> fingerprint<00:20:33.520> of<00:20:33.760> where 19:10.196 --> 19:10.206 align:start position:0% an object acts as a fingerprint of where 19:10.206 --> 19:13.716 align:start position:0% an object acts as a fingerprint of where an<00:20:34.400> object<00:20:34.720> was<00:20:34.960> born.<00:20:35.919> 3i<00:20:36.400> Atlas's<00:20:36.880> detium<00:20:37.440> to 19:13.716 --> 19:13.726 align:start position:0% an object was born. 3i Atlas's detium to 19:13.726 --> 19:16.356 align:start position:0% an object was born. 3i Atlas's detium to hydrogen<00:20:38.080> ratio<00:20:38.559> was<00:20:38.799> more<00:20:39.039> than<00:20:39.360> 40<00:20:39.760> times 19:16.356 --> 19:16.366 align:start position:0% hydrogen ratio was more than 40 times 19:16.366 --> 19:18.356 align:start position:0% hydrogen ratio was more than 40 times higher<00:20:40.799> than<00:20:41.039> what<00:20:41.200> we<00:20:41.440> find<00:20:41.600> in<00:20:41.840> Earth's 19:18.356 --> 19:18.366 align:start position:0% higher than what we find in Earth's 19:18.366 --> 19:21.155 align:start position:0% higher than what we find in Earth's oceans<00:20:42.960> and<00:20:43.280> more<00:20:43.440> than<00:20:43.760> 30<00:20:44.080> times<00:20:44.480> what<00:20:44.720> we'd 19:21.155 --> 19:21.165 align:start position:0% oceans and more than 30 times what we'd 19:21.165 --> 19:24.035 align:start position:0% oceans and more than 30 times what we'd expect<00:20:45.280> to<00:20:45.440> see<00:20:45.600> in<00:20:46.000> solar<00:20:46.320> system<00:20:46.640> comets. 19:24.035 --> 19:24.045 align:start position:0% expect to see in solar system comets. 19:24.045 --> 19:27.236 align:start position:0% expect to see in solar system comets. This<00:20:48.159> is<00:20:48.559> highly<00:20:49.039> unusual.<00:20:50.080> Such<00:20:50.480> high<00:20:50.799> levels 19:27.236 --> 19:27.246 align:start position:0% This is highly unusual. Such high levels 19:27.246 --> 19:30.275 align:start position:0% This is highly unusual. Such high levels of<00:20:51.280> detium<00:20:51.919> are<00:20:52.159> typically<00:20:52.640> seen<00:20:53.039> in<00:20:53.440> only<00:20:53.760> the 19:30.275 --> 19:30.285 align:start position:0% of detium are typically seen in only the 19:30.285 --> 19:32.675 align:start position:0% of detium are typically seen in only the coldest<00:20:54.720> regions<00:20:55.120> of<00:20:55.280> the<00:20:55.440> Milky<00:20:55.840> Way, 19:32.675 --> 19:32.685 align:start position:0% coldest regions of the Milky Way, 19:32.685 --> 19:34.756 align:start position:0% coldest regions of the Milky Way, suggesting<00:20:57.039> that<00:20:57.280> Threeey<00:20:57.679> Atlas<00:20:58.159> was<00:20:58.320> likely 19:34.756 --> 19:34.766 align:start position:0% suggesting that Threeey Atlas was likely 19:34.766 --> 19:37.716 align:start position:0% suggesting that Threeey Atlas was likely formed<00:20:59.039> in<00:20:59.360> the<00:20:59.520> frozen<00:21:00.159> outer<00:21:00.559> fringes<00:21:01.200> of 19:37.716 --> 19:37.726 align:start position:0% formed in the frozen outer fringes of 19:37.726 --> 19:40.356 align:start position:0% formed in the frozen outer fringes of whatever<00:21:02.159> star<00:21:02.480> it<00:21:02.720> was<00:21:02.799> orbiting,<00:21:03.840> which 19:40.356 --> 19:40.366 align:start position:0% whatever star it was orbiting, which 19:40.366 --> 19:42.196 align:start position:0% whatever star it was orbiting, which would<00:21:04.559> also<00:21:04.880> make<00:21:04.960> it<00:21:05.200> more<00:21:05.360> prone<00:21:05.679> to<00:21:05.840> being 19:42.196 --> 19:42.206 align:start position:0% would also make it more prone to being 19:42.206 --> 19:45.316 align:start position:0% would also make it more prone to being kicked<00:21:06.480> out<00:21:06.640> of<00:21:06.880> said<00:21:07.200> stars<00:21:07.600> system.<00:21:08.880> But 19:45.316 --> 19:45.326 align:start position:0% kicked out of said stars system. But 19:45.326 --> 19:47.956 align:start position:0% kicked out of said stars system. But what<00:21:09.440> did<00:21:09.679> three<00:21:10.080> Atlas<00:21:10.559> actually<00:21:11.039> do<00:21:11.600> for 19:47.956 --> 19:47.966 align:start position:0% what did three Atlas actually do for 19:47.966 --> 19:49.876 align:start position:0% what did three Atlas actually do for those<00:21:12.080> billions<00:21:12.480> of<00:21:12.640> years<00:21:12.880> since<00:21:13.120> it<00:21:13.440> left 19:49.876 --> 19:49.886 align:start position:0% those billions of years since it left 19:49.886 --> 19:52.915 align:start position:0% those billions of years since it left its<00:21:14.080> home<00:21:14.480> star<00:21:14.799> system?<00:21:16.080> If<00:21:16.320> we<00:21:16.480> could 19:52.915 --> 19:52.925 align:start position:0% its home star system? If we could 19:52.925 --> 19:55.316 align:start position:0% its home star system? If we could hypothetically<00:21:17.760> trace<00:21:18.000> its<00:21:18.240> trajectory<00:21:18.799> back 19:55.316 --> 19:55.326 align:start position:0% hypothetically trace its trajectory back 19:55.326 --> 19:58.196 align:start position:0% hypothetically trace its trajectory back billions<00:21:19.679> of<00:21:19.840> years,<00:21:20.799> what<00:21:21.120> could<00:21:21.440> we<00:21:21.679> expect 19:58.196 --> 19:58.206 align:start position:0% billions of years, what could we expect 19:58.206 --> 20:02.275 align:start position:0% billions of years, what could we expect to<00:21:22.320> see?<00:21:23.520> Surely<00:21:24.080> in<00:21:24.480> that<00:21:24.799> time,<00:21:25.600> given<00:21:25.919> the 20:02.275 --> 20:02.285 align:start position:0% to see? Surely in that time, given the 20:02.285 --> 20:04.836 align:start position:0% to see? Surely in that time, given the trillions<00:21:26.640> of<00:21:26.799> stars<00:21:27.039> in<00:21:27.200> our<00:21:27.440> galaxy,<00:21:28.320> three 20:04.836 --> 20:04.846 align:start position:0% trillions of stars in our galaxy, three 20:04.846 --> 20:07.716 align:start position:0% trillions of stars in our galaxy, three Atlas<00:21:29.120> would<00:21:29.280> have<00:21:29.520> flown<00:21:29.840> by<00:21:30.240> another<00:21:30.720> star. 20:07.716 --> 20:07.726 align:start position:0% Atlas would have flown by another star. 20:07.726 --> 20:10.035 align:start position:0% Atlas would have flown by another star. After<00:21:31.840> all,<00:21:32.240> our<00:21:32.559> sun<00:21:32.880> can't<00:21:33.200> be<00:21:33.360> the<00:21:33.600> very 20:10.035 --> 20:10.045 align:start position:0% After all, our sun can't be the very 20:10.045 --> 20:12.275 align:start position:0% After all, our sun can't be the very first<00:21:34.159> star<00:21:34.480> three<00:21:34.880> Atlas<00:21:35.200> has<00:21:35.360> ventured<00:21:35.840> so 20:12.275 --> 20:12.285 align:start position:0% first star three Atlas has ventured so 20:12.285 --> 20:14.116 align:start position:0% first star three Atlas has ventured so close<00:21:36.400> to. 20:14.116 --> 20:14.126 align:start position:0% close to. 20:14.126 --> 20:16.996 align:start position:0% close to. In<00:21:38.240> September<00:21:38.799> 2025,<00:21:40.000> scientists<00:21:40.480> tried<00:21:40.720> to 20:16.996 --> 20:17.006 align:start position:0% In September 2025, scientists tried to 20:17.006 --> 20:18.756 align:start position:0% In September 2025, scientists tried to find<00:21:41.120> a<00:21:41.360> definitive<00:21:41.919> answer<00:21:42.240> to<00:21:42.400> this 20:18.756 --> 20:18.766 align:start position:0% find a definitive answer to this 20:18.766 --> 20:21.476 align:start position:0% find a definitive answer to this question,<00:21:43.360> looking<00:21:43.679> for,<00:21:44.159> in<00:21:44.480> their<00:21:44.720> words, 20:21.476 --> 20:21.486 align:start position:0% question, looking for, in their words, 20:21.486 --> 20:24.756 align:start position:0% question, looking for, in their words, the<00:21:45.600> witnesses<00:21:46.159> to<00:21:46.400> ThreeI<00:21:46.799> Atlas's<00:21:47.360> voyage. 20:24.756 --> 20:24.766 align:start position:0% the witnesses to ThreeI Atlas's voyage. 20:24.766 --> 20:27.476 align:start position:0% the witnesses to ThreeI Atlas's voyage. They<00:21:49.120> integrated<00:21:49.679> its<00:21:50.000> orbit<00:21:50.400> back<00:21:50.640> in<00:21:50.960> time 20:27.476 --> 20:27.486 align:start position:0% They integrated its orbit back in time 20:27.486 --> 20:30.675 align:start position:0% They integrated its orbit back in time for<00:21:51.760> 10<00:21:52.240> million<00:21:52.640> years<00:21:53.440> and<00:21:53.760> using<00:21:54.080> Gaia's 20:30.675 --> 20:30.685 align:start position:0% for 10 million years and using Gaia's 20:30.685 --> 20:33.396 align:start position:0% for 10 million years and using Gaia's catalog<00:21:55.440> tried<00:21:55.760> to<00:21:55.919> find<00:21:56.159> out<00:21:56.400> if<00:21:56.640> it<00:21:56.880> had 20:33.396 --> 20:33.406 align:start position:0% catalog tried to find out if it had 20:33.406 --> 20:36.116 align:start position:0% catalog tried to find out if it had indeed<00:21:57.840> encountered<00:21:58.559> any<00:21:58.880> odd<00:21:59.280> stars<00:21:59.600> on<00:21:59.760> its 20:36.116 --> 20:36.126 align:start position:0% indeed encountered any odd stars on its 20:36.126 --> 20:40.116 align:start position:0% indeed encountered any odd stars on its journey.<00:22:00.880> And<00:22:01.039> the<00:22:01.280> answer<00:22:01.440> is<00:22:02.240> yes,<00:22:03.360> but<00:22:03.760> not 20:40.116 --> 20:40.126 align:start position:0% journey. And the answer is yes, but not 20:40.126 --> 20:43.076 align:start position:0% journey. And the answer is yes, but not in<00:22:04.159> the<00:22:04.320> way<00:22:04.480> you<00:22:04.640> might<00:22:04.960> expect.<00:22:06.400> They 20:43.076 --> 20:43.086 align:start position:0% in the way you might expect. They 20:43.086 --> 20:47.236 align:start position:0% in the way you might expect. They identified<00:22:07.840> 62<00:22:08.880> significant<00:22:09.679> encounters<00:22:10.799> all 20:47.236 --> 20:47.246 align:start position:0% identified 62 significant encounters all 20:47.246 --> 20:49.236 align:start position:0% identified 62 significant encounters all where<00:22:11.440> threeey<00:22:11.919> atlas<00:22:12.240> had<00:22:12.480> passed<00:22:12.720> within 20:49.236 --> 20:49.246 align:start position:0% where threeey atlas had passed within 20:49.246 --> 20:53.396 align:start position:0% where threeey atlas had passed within two<00:22:13.440> parexs<00:22:14.080> or<00:22:14.640> 6.5<00:22:15.440> light<00:22:15.679> years<00:22:15.919> of<00:22:16.080> a<00:22:16.240> star. 20:53.396 --> 20:53.406 align:start position:0% two parexs or 6.5 light years of a star. 20:53.406 --> 20:55.876 align:start position:0% two parexs or 6.5 light years of a star. Remarkably,<00:22:18.559> none<00:22:18.799> of<00:22:18.960> these<00:22:19.200> interactions 20:55.876 --> 20:55.886 align:start position:0% Remarkably, none of these interactions 20:55.886 --> 20:57.476 align:start position:0% Remarkably, none of these interactions were<00:22:20.000> strong<00:22:20.240> enough<00:22:20.480> to<00:22:20.720> meaningfully 20:57.476 --> 20:57.486 align:start position:0% were strong enough to meaningfully 20:57.486 --> 20:59.876 align:start position:0% were strong enough to meaningfully change<00:22:21.600> its<00:22:21.840> path.<00:22:22.720> The<00:22:22.960> strongest<00:22:23.360> of<00:22:23.520> these 20:59.876 --> 20:59.886 align:start position:0% change its path. The strongest of these 20:59.886 --> 21:03.316 align:start position:0% change its path. The strongest of these was<00:22:24.000> a<00:22:24.240> K-type<00:22:24.799> star<00:22:25.520> 70%<00:22:26.320> the<00:22:26.559> mass<00:22:26.720> of<00:22:26.880> our 21:03.316 --> 21:03.326 align:start position:0% was a K-type star 70% the mass of our 21:03.326 --> 21:06.116 align:start position:0% was a K-type star 70% the mass of our sun<00:22:27.840> and<00:22:28.159> even<00:22:28.480> that<00:22:28.880> produced<00:22:29.280> a<00:22:29.520> change<00:22:29.760> of 21:06.116 --> 21:06.126 align:start position:0% sun and even that produced a change of 21:06.126 --> 21:10.996 align:start position:0% sun and even that produced a change of just<00:22:30.559> 50<00:22:30.960> cm/s<00:22:32.240> in<00:22:32.400> the<00:22:32.559> comet's<00:22:32.960> velocity.<00:22:34.240> So 21:10.996 --> 21:11.006 align:start position:0% just 50 cm/s in the comet's velocity. So 21:11.006 --> 21:14.915 align:start position:0% just 50 cm/s in the comet's velocity. So 3i<00:22:35.360> Atlas<00:22:35.919> is<00:22:36.240> largely<00:22:36.799> untouched.<00:22:38.000> Our<00:22:38.320> sun 21:14.915 --> 21:14.925 align:start position:0% 3i Atlas is largely untouched. Our sun 21:14.925 --> 21:17.076 align:start position:0% 3i Atlas is largely untouched. Our sun might<00:22:39.120> be<00:22:39.679> the<00:22:40.000> first<00:22:40.320> star<00:22:40.559> it<00:22:40.799> has 21:17.076 --> 21:17.086 align:start position:0% might be the first star it has 21:17.086 --> 21:19.636 align:start position:0% might be the first star it has encountered<00:22:41.520> this<00:22:41.840> closely.<00:22:42.720> The<00:22:42.960> first<00:22:43.200> star 21:19.636 --> 21:19.646 align:start position:0% encountered this closely. The first star 21:19.646 --> 21:23.076 align:start position:0% encountered this closely. The first star to<00:22:43.919> truly<00:22:44.559> alter<00:22:44.880> its<00:22:45.120> orbit.<00:22:46.159> And<00:22:46.400> our<00:22:46.640> sun 21:23.076 --> 21:23.086 align:start position:0% to truly alter its orbit. And our sun 21:23.086 --> 21:25.316 align:start position:0% to truly alter its orbit. And our sun wasn't<00:22:47.280> the<00:22:47.600> only<00:22:48.000> local<00:22:48.400> object<00:22:48.720> to<00:22:48.960> give<00:22:49.120> it 21:25.316 --> 21:25.326 align:start position:0% wasn't the only local object to give it 21:25.326 --> 21:28.915 align:start position:0% wasn't the only local object to give it a<00:22:49.440> tug.<00:22:50.320> On<00:22:50.480> the<00:22:50.640> 16th<00:22:51.039> of<00:22:51.200> March<00:22:51.600> 2026,<00:22:52.480> Threer 21:28.915 --> 21:28.925 align:start position:0% a tug. On the 16th of March 2026, Threer 21:28.925 --> 21:31.876 align:start position:0% a tug. On the 16th of March 2026, Threer Atlas<00:22:53.280> passed<00:22:53.600> within<00:22:53.919> roughly<00:22:54.480> 0.35 21:31.876 --> 21:31.886 align:start position:0% Atlas passed within roughly 0.35 21:31.886 --> 21:36.996 align:start position:0% Atlas passed within roughly 0.35 astronomical<00:22:56.480> units<00:22:57.200> or<00:22:57.679> 53.6<00:22:59.120> million<00:22:59.520> km<00:23:00.320> of 21:36.996 --> 21:37.006 align:start position:0% astronomical units or 53.6 million km of 21:37.006 --> 21:39.316 align:start position:0% astronomical units or 53.6 million km of Jupiter.<00:23:02.000> That<00:23:02.240> might<00:23:02.480> sound<00:23:02.720> like<00:23:02.960> a 21:39.316 --> 21:39.326 align:start position:0% Jupiter. That might sound like a 21:39.326 --> 21:41.795 align:start position:0% Jupiter. That might sound like a comfortable<00:23:03.679> margin<00:23:04.080> on<00:23:04.400> human<00:23:04.799> scales,<00:23:05.520> but 21:41.795 --> 21:41.805 align:start position:0% comfortable margin on human scales, but 21:41.805 --> 21:44.116 align:start position:0% comfortable margin on human scales, but in<00:23:05.919> celestial<00:23:06.480> terms,<00:23:07.200> this<00:23:07.440> was<00:23:07.520> a<00:23:07.679> near 21:44.116 --> 21:44.126 align:start position:0% in celestial terms, this was a near 21:44.126 --> 21:46.516 align:start position:0% in celestial terms, this was a near miss.<00:23:08.960> The<00:23:09.200> distance<00:23:09.600> placed<00:23:10.000> throughout 21:46.516 --> 21:46.526 align:start position:0% miss. The distance placed throughout 21:46.526 --> 21:48.915 align:start position:0% miss. The distance placed throughout Atlas<00:23:10.960> incredibly<00:23:11.760> close<00:23:12.000> to<00:23:12.240> Jupiter's 21:48.915 --> 21:48.925 align:start position:0% Atlas incredibly close to Jupiter's 21:48.925 --> 21:51.155 align:start position:0% Atlas incredibly close to Jupiter's hillphere,<00:23:13.679> the<00:23:13.919> region<00:23:14.159> of<00:23:14.320> space<00:23:14.559> where<00:23:14.799> the 21:51.155 --> 21:51.165 align:start position:0% hillphere, the region of space where the 21:51.165 --> 21:53.316 align:start position:0% hillphere, the region of space where the planet's<00:23:15.440> gravitational<00:23:16.080> pole<00:23:16.400> is<00:23:16.720> stronger 21:53.316 --> 21:53.326 align:start position:0% planet's gravitational pole is stronger 21:53.326 --> 21:56.756 align:start position:0% planet's gravitational pole is stronger than<00:23:17.360> the<00:23:17.520> sun's.<00:23:18.880> As<00:23:19.120> the<00:23:19.360> comet<00:23:19.760> swept<00:23:20.080> by, 21:56.756 --> 21:56.766 align:start position:0% than the sun's. As the comet swept by, 21:56.766 --> 21:59.155 align:start position:0% than the sun's. As the comet swept by, Jupiter's<00:23:21.200> immense<00:23:21.600> gravity<00:23:22.159> gently<00:23:22.640> tugged 21:59.155 --> 21:59.165 align:start position:0% Jupiter's immense gravity gently tugged 21:59.165 --> 22:01.636 align:start position:0% Jupiter's immense gravity gently tugged at<00:23:23.200> its<00:23:23.440> trajectory.<00:23:24.400> Not<00:23:24.640> enough<00:23:24.880> to<00:23:25.120> capture 22:01.636 --> 22:01.646 align:start position:0% at its trajectory. Not enough to capture 22:01.646 --> 22:04.596 align:start position:0% at its trajectory. Not enough to capture it<00:23:25.679> or<00:23:26.000> tear<00:23:26.240> it<00:23:26.480> apart,<00:23:27.280> but<00:23:27.600> just<00:23:27.919> enough<00:23:28.240> to 22:04.596 --> 22:04.606 align:start position:0% it or tear it apart, but just enough to 22:04.606 --> 22:07.396 align:start position:0% it or tear it apart, but just enough to alter<00:23:28.880> its<00:23:29.200> course.<00:23:30.400> Early<00:23:30.799> orbital 22:07.396 --> 22:07.406 align:start position:0% alter its course. Early orbital 22:07.406 --> 22:09.795 align:start position:0% alter its course. Early orbital reconstruction<00:23:32.080> suggested<00:23:32.640> a<00:23:32.880> deflection<00:23:33.440> on 22:09.795 --> 22:09.805 align:start position:0% reconstruction suggested a deflection on 22:09.805 --> 22:12.436 align:start position:0% reconstruction suggested a deflection on the<00:23:33.919> order<00:23:34.159> of<00:23:34.320> a<00:23:34.559> few<00:23:34.720> meters/s. 22:12.436 --> 22:12.446 align:start position:0% the order of a few meters/s. 22:12.446 --> 22:14.915 align:start position:0% the order of a few meters/s. That<00:23:36.640> might<00:23:36.880> seem<00:23:37.120> insignificant,<00:23:38.320> but<00:23:38.480> out 22:14.915 --> 22:14.925 align:start position:0% That might seem insignificant, but out 22:14.925 --> 22:17.236 align:start position:0% That might seem insignificant, but out here<00:23:39.120> in<00:23:39.360> the<00:23:39.600> slow<00:23:40.000> ballet<00:23:40.480> of<00:23:40.640> the<00:23:40.720> Milky 22:17.236 --> 22:17.246 align:start position:0% here in the slow ballet of the Milky 22:17.246 --> 22:19.556 align:start position:0% here in the slow ballet of the Milky Way,<00:23:41.840> even<00:23:42.080> the<00:23:42.320> slightest<00:23:42.799> nudge<00:23:43.200> can 22:19.556 --> 22:19.566 align:start position:0% Way, even the slightest nudge can 22:19.566 --> 22:22.196 align:start position:0% Way, even the slightest nudge can reshape<00:23:43.919> a<00:23:44.159> journey<00:23:44.480> that<00:23:44.720> spans<00:23:45.280> billions<00:23:45.840> of 22:22.196 --> 22:22.206 align:start position:0% reshape a journey that spans billions of 22:22.206 --> 22:26.035 align:start position:0% reshape a journey that spans billions of years.<00:23:47.520> This<00:23:47.760> was<00:23:48.080> in<00:23:48.480> all<00:23:48.720> likelihood<00:23:49.520> the 22:26.035 --> 22:26.045 align:start position:0% years. This was in all likelihood the 22:26.045 --> 22:27.956 align:start position:0% years. This was in all likelihood the single<00:23:50.320> most<00:23:50.720> significant<00:23:51.280> planetary 22:27.956 --> 22:27.966 align:start position:0% single most significant planetary 22:27.966 --> 22:30.596 align:start position:0% single most significant planetary interaction<00:23:52.720> three<00:23:53.200> Atlas<00:23:53.679> has<00:23:54.000> ever 22:30.596 --> 22:30.606 align:start position:0% interaction three Atlas has ever 22:30.606 --> 22:32.756 align:start position:0% interaction three Atlas has ever experienced<00:23:55.280> since<00:23:55.520> it<00:23:55.760> was<00:23:55.919> first<00:23:56.159> ejected 22:32.756 --> 22:32.766 align:start position:0% experienced since it was first ejected 22:32.766 --> 22:35.076 align:start position:0% experienced since it was first ejected from<00:23:56.799> its<00:23:57.039> home<00:23:57.280> system. 22:35.076 --> 22:35.086 align:start position:0% from its home system. 22:35.086 --> 22:37.556 align:start position:0% from its home system. Researchers<00:23:59.679> are<00:24:00.240> still<00:24:00.799> combing<00:24:01.280> through 22:37.556 --> 22:37.566 align:start position:0% Researchers are still combing through 22:37.566 --> 22:39.716 align:start position:0% Researchers are still combing through the<00:24:01.679> data.<00:24:02.320> In<00:24:02.559> the<00:24:02.720> coming<00:24:02.960> months,<00:24:03.200> we<00:24:03.440> can 22:39.716 --> 22:39.726 align:start position:0% the data. In the coming months, we can 22:39.726 --> 22:42.275 align:start position:0% the data. In the coming months, we can expect<00:24:04.080> a<00:24:04.480> wave<00:24:04.960> of<00:24:05.280> detailed<00:24:05.679> studies 22:42.275 --> 22:42.285 align:start position:0% expect a wave of detailed studies 22:42.285 --> 22:44.756 align:start position:0% expect a wave of detailed studies reconstructing<00:24:07.039> this<00:24:07.360> encounter<00:24:07.840> in<00:24:08.159> full 22:44.756 --> 22:44.766 align:start position:0% reconstructing this encounter in full 22:44.766 --> 22:46.996 align:start position:0% reconstructing this encounter in full and<00:24:08.880> telling<00:24:09.200> us<00:24:09.600> exactly<00:24:10.159> what<00:24:10.480> happened<00:24:10.720> to 22:46.996 --> 22:47.006 align:start position:0% and telling us exactly what happened to 22:47.006 --> 22:49.076 align:start position:0% and telling us exactly what happened to this<00:24:11.120> interstellar<00:24:11.679> comet<00:24:12.080> at<00:24:12.240> the<00:24:12.400> very<00:24:12.720> edge 22:49.076 --> 22:49.086 align:start position:0% this interstellar comet at the very edge 22:49.086 --> 22:51.476 align:start position:0% this interstellar comet at the very edge of<00:24:13.120> Jupiter's<00:24:13.600> domain.<00:24:14.559> At<00:24:14.799> the<00:24:14.960> time<00:24:15.120> of 22:51.476 --> 22:51.486 align:start position:0% of Jupiter's domain. At the time of 22:51.486 --> 22:55.236 align:start position:0% of Jupiter's domain. At the time of writing,<00:24:16.159> this<00:24:16.320> object<00:24:16.720> has<00:24:16.960> had<00:24:17.279> nearly<00:24:18.080> 500 22:55.236 --> 22:55.246 align:start position:0% writing, this object has had nearly 500 22:55.246 --> 22:57.795 align:start position:0% writing, this object has had nearly 500 papers<00:24:19.520> and<00:24:19.760> studies<00:24:20.159> dedicated<00:24:20.640> to<00:24:20.880> it. 22:57.795 --> 22:57.805 align:start position:0% papers and studies dedicated to it. 22:57.805 --> 23:01.155 align:start position:0% papers and studies dedicated to it. Thousands<00:24:22.400> of<00:24:22.640> articles,<00:24:23.840> millions<00:24:24.320> of<00:24:24.559> eyes 23:01.155 --> 23:01.165 align:start position:0% Thousands of articles, millions of eyes 23:01.165 --> 23:03.236 align:start position:0% Thousands of articles, millions of eyes hooked<00:24:25.360> onto<00:24:25.679> news<00:24:26.000> channels<00:24:26.559> waiting<00:24:26.880> to 23:03.236 --> 23:03.246 align:start position:0% hooked onto news channels waiting to 23:03.246 --> 23:05.636 align:start position:0% hooked onto news channels waiting to find<00:24:27.279> out<00:24:27.520> more<00:24:27.840> about<00:24:28.159> a<00:24:28.400> rare<00:24:28.799> visitor<00:24:29.200> from 23:05.636 --> 23:05.646 align:start position:0% find out more about a rare visitor from 23:05.646 --> 23:09.155 align:start position:0% find out more about a rare visitor from deep<00:24:29.919> space.<00:24:31.200> But<00:24:31.679> here's<00:24:32.000> the<00:24:32.159> kicker. 23:09.155 --> 23:09.165 align:start position:0% deep space. But here's the kicker. 23:09.165 --> 23:11.316 align:start position:0% deep space. But here's the kicker. Astronomers<00:24:33.760> now<00:24:34.000> estimate<00:24:34.480> that<00:24:34.799> these 23:11.316 --> 23:11.326 align:start position:0% Astronomers now estimate that these 23:11.326 --> 23:14.596 align:start position:0% Astronomers now estimate that these visitors<00:24:35.919> might<00:24:36.320> not<00:24:36.640> be<00:24:36.880> rare<00:24:37.200> at<00:24:37.440> all.<00:24:38.320> In 23:14.596 --> 23:14.606 align:start position:0% visitors might not be rare at all. In 23:14.606 --> 23:16.756 align:start position:0% visitors might not be rare at all. In fact,<00:24:39.039> calculations<00:24:39.679> suggest<00:24:40.080> that<00:24:40.400> there 23:16.756 --> 23:16.766 align:start position:0% fact, calculations suggest that there 23:16.766 --> 23:19.076 align:start position:0% fact, calculations suggest that there are<00:24:40.880> likely<00:24:41.440> hundreds<00:24:41.840> of<00:24:42.000> them<00:24:42.559> passing 23:19.076 --> 23:19.086 align:start position:0% are likely hundreds of them passing 23:19.086 --> 23:21.316 align:start position:0% are likely hundreds of them passing through<00:24:43.200> our<00:24:43.360> solar<00:24:43.679> system<00:24:44.000> at<00:24:44.400> any<00:24:44.799> given 23:21.316 --> 23:21.326 align:start position:0% through our solar system at any given 23:21.326 --> 23:24.356 align:start position:0% through our solar system at any given moment.<00:24:46.159> We<00:24:46.400> simply<00:24:46.799> don't<00:24:47.039> have<00:24:47.360> the<00:24:47.679> eyes<00:24:48.000> to 23:24.356 --> 23:24.366 align:start position:0% moment. We simply don't have the eyes to 23:24.366 --> 23:27.236 align:start position:0% moment. We simply don't have the eyes to see<00:24:48.480> them.<00:24:49.600> With<00:24:49.840> our<00:24:50.080> detection<00:24:50.480> technology 23:27.236 --> 23:27.246 align:start position:0% see them. With our detection technology 23:27.246 --> 23:29.876 align:start position:0% see them. With our detection technology finally<00:24:51.760> catching<00:24:52.159> up,<00:24:52.799> the<00:24:53.039> data<00:24:53.360> suggests 23:29.876 --> 23:29.886 align:start position:0% finally catching up, the data suggests 23:29.886 --> 23:32.196 align:start position:0% finally catching up, the data suggests we<00:24:54.080> should<00:24:54.320> be<00:24:54.480> spotting<00:24:54.960> a<00:24:55.200> new<00:24:55.520> interstellar 23:32.196 --> 23:32.206 align:start position:0% we should be spotting a new interstellar 23:32.206 --> 23:35.716 align:start position:0% we should be spotting a new interstellar visitor<00:24:56.799> every<00:24:57.279> 1<00:24:57.600> or<00:24:57.840> 2<00:24:58.159> years.<00:24:59.039> It<00:24:59.279> might<00:24:59.440> not 23:35.716 --> 23:35.726 align:start position:0% visitor every 1 or 2 years. It might not 23:35.726 --> 23:37.556 align:start position:0% visitor every 1 or 2 years. It might not be<00:24:59.760> long<00:25:00.000> before<00:25:00.240> I'm<00:25:00.480> back<00:25:00.720> here<00:25:00.960> talking<00:25:01.279> to 23:37.556 --> 23:37.566 align:start position:0% be long before I'm back here talking to 23:37.566 --> 23:40.516 align:start position:0% be long before I'm back here talking to you<00:25:01.760> about<00:25:02.400> four<00:25:02.799> eye. 23:40.516 --> 23:40.526 align:start position:0% you about four eye. 23:40.526 --> 23:42.756 align:start position:0% you about four eye. To<00:25:04.559> the<00:25:04.720> unwitting<00:25:05.279> eye,<00:25:05.600> Three<00:25:06.080> Atlas<00:25:06.480> might 23:42.756 --> 23:42.766 align:start position:0% To the unwitting eye, Three Atlas might 23:42.766 --> 23:45.076 align:start position:0% To the unwitting eye, Three Atlas might just<00:25:06.799> seem<00:25:07.039> like<00:25:07.200> another<00:25:07.600> space<00:25:07.919> rock,<00:25:08.559> and 23:45.076 --> 23:45.086 align:start position:0% just seem like another space rock, and 23:45.086 --> 23:47.316 align:start position:0% just seem like another space rock, and they<00:25:09.279> wouldn't<00:25:09.520> be<00:25:09.679> wrong.<00:25:10.400> But<00:25:10.799> through<00:25:10.960> our 23:47.316 --> 23:47.326 align:start position:0% they wouldn't be wrong. But through our 23:47.326 --> 23:49.556 align:start position:0% they wouldn't be wrong. But through our Atlas<00:25:11.600> is<00:25:11.840> also<00:25:12.159> a<00:25:12.400> relic<00:25:12.720> of<00:25:12.880> a<00:25:13.039> distant 23:49.556 --> 23:49.566 align:start position:0% Atlas is also a relic of a distant 23:49.566 --> 23:52.675 align:start position:0% Atlas is also a relic of a distant world.<00:25:14.159> A<00:25:14.400> fragment<00:25:14.880> that<00:25:15.120> formed<00:25:15.440> in<00:25:15.679> a<00:25:15.840> giant 23:52.675 --> 23:52.685 align:start position:0% world. A fragment that formed in a giant 23:52.685 --> 23:55.155 align:start position:0% world. A fragment that formed in a giant swirling<00:25:17.279> protolanetary<00:25:18.159> disc<00:25:18.400> of<00:25:18.559> a<00:25:18.720> star 23:55.155 --> 23:55.165 align:start position:0% swirling protolanetary disc of a star 23:55.165 --> 23:57.795 align:start position:0% swirling protolanetary disc of a star likely<00:25:19.600> trillions<00:25:20.240> and<00:25:20.559> trillions<00:25:21.039> of<00:25:21.200> kilome 23:57.795 --> 23:57.805 align:start position:0% likely trillions and trillions of kilome 23:57.805 --> 24:00.516 align:start position:0% likely trillions and trillions of kilome away.<00:25:22.559> It<00:25:22.799> is<00:25:22.880> a<00:25:23.120> fragment<00:25:23.440> that<00:25:23.679> was<00:25:24.000> ousted 24:00.516 --> 24:00.526 align:start position:0% away. It is a fragment that was ousted 24:00.526 --> 24:03.236 align:start position:0% away. It is a fragment that was ousted from<00:25:24.559> its<00:25:24.799> home<00:25:25.360> way<00:25:25.760> before<00:25:26.320> anything<00:25:26.799> around 24:03.236 --> 24:03.246 align:start position:0% from its home way before anything around 24:03.246 --> 24:06.116 align:start position:0% from its home way before anything around us,<00:25:27.679> including<00:25:28.159> our<00:25:28.400> own<00:25:28.720> star,<00:25:29.279> had<00:25:29.600> even 24:06.116 --> 24:06.126 align:start position:0% us, including our own star, had even 24:06.126 --> 24:09.236 align:start position:0% us, including our own star, had even begun<00:25:30.320> to<00:25:30.559> exist.<00:25:31.600> And<00:25:31.760> for<00:25:32.000> a<00:25:32.159> brief<00:25:32.559> moment, 24:09.236 --> 24:09.246 align:start position:0% begun to exist. And for a brief moment, 24:09.246 --> 24:11.395 align:start position:0% begun to exist. And for a brief moment, it<00:25:33.360> held<00:25:33.679> the<00:25:33.840> attention<00:25:34.320> of<00:25:34.559> an<00:25:34.799> entire 24:11.395 --> 24:11.405 align:start position:0% it held the attention of an entire 24:11.405 --> 24:14.035 align:start position:0% it held the attention of an entire planet<00:25:36.000> as<00:25:36.240> it<00:25:36.480> rushed<00:25:36.799> past<00:25:37.120> us<00:25:37.440> like<00:25:37.760> a 24:14.035 --> 24:14.045 align:start position:0% planet as it rushed past us like a 24:14.045 --> 24:17.316 align:start position:0% planet as it rushed past us like a cosmic<00:25:38.400> bullet.<00:25:39.679> Three<00:25:40.159> eye<00:25:40.400> atlas<00:25:40.960> is 24:17.316 --> 24:17.326 align:start position:0% cosmic bullet. Three eye atlas is 24:17.326 --> 24:19.876 align:start position:0% cosmic bullet. Three eye atlas is heading<00:25:41.440> back<00:25:41.679> into<00:25:41.919> the<00:25:42.080> dark<00:25:42.400> now,<00:25:43.120> but<00:25:43.440> the 24:19.876 --> 24:19.886 align:start position:0% heading back into the dark now, but the 24:19.886 --> 24:23.076 align:start position:0% heading back into the dark now, but the story<00:25:44.080> it<00:25:44.400> told<00:25:44.640> us<00:25:45.279> may<00:25:45.600> only<00:25:46.000> just<00:25:46.320> be<00:25:46.640> the 24:23.076 --> 24:23.086 align:start position:0% story it told us may only just be the 24:23.086 --> 24:28.116 align:start position:0% story it told us may only just be the beginning. 24:28.116 --> 24:28.126 align:start position:0% 24:28.126 --> 24:30.516 align:start position:0% Patreon<00:25:52.480> members<00:25:52.880> got<00:25:53.200> access<00:25:53.520> to<00:25:53.760> this<00:25:54.000> video 24:30.516 --> 24:30.526 align:start position:0% Patreon members got access to this video 24:30.526 --> 24:33.795 align:start position:0% Patreon members got access to this video adfree<00:25:55.679> and<00:25:55.919> more<00:25:56.240> importantly<00:25:57.120> they<00:25:57.360> keep 24:33.795 --> 24:33.805 align:start position:0% adfree and more importantly they keep 24:33.805 --> 24:35.716 align:start position:0% adfree and more importantly they keep Astramm<00:25:58.159> grounded<00:25:58.640> in<00:25:58.880> a<00:25:59.120> community 24:35.716 --> 24:35.726 align:start position:0% Astramm grounded in a community 24:35.726 --> 24:38.516 align:start position:0% Astramm grounded in a community passionate<00:26:00.159> about<00:26:00.400> space,<00:26:01.279> not<00:26:01.520> just<00:26:01.840> YouTube 24:38.516 --> 24:38.526 align:start position:0% passionate about space, not just YouTube 24:38.526 --> 24:41.476 align:start position:0% passionate about space, not just YouTube AdSense<00:26:02.960> and<00:26:03.200> algorithms.<00:26:04.320> So<00:26:04.720> sign<00:26:04.960> up<00:26:05.120> with 24:41.476 --> 24:41.486 align:start position:0% AdSense and algorithms. So sign up with 24:41.486 --> 24:43.636 align:start position:0% AdSense and algorithms. So sign up with the<00:26:05.520> link<00:26:05.679> in<00:26:05.919> the<00:26:06.080> description.<00:26:07.039> Being<00:26:07.360> a 24:43.636 --> 24:43.646 align:start position:0% the link in the description. Being a 24:43.646 --> 24:45.316 align:start position:0% the link in the description. Being a member<00:26:07.840> means<00:26:08.080> you're<00:26:08.320> part<00:26:08.480> of<00:26:08.640> the<00:26:08.880> reason 24:45.316 --> 24:45.326 align:start position:0% member means you're part of the reason 24:45.326 --> 24:47.636 align:start position:0% member means you're part of the reason Astramm<00:26:09.760> can<00:26:09.919> focus<00:26:10.159> on<00:26:10.320> the<00:26:10.480> kinds<00:26:10.720> of<00:26:10.960> videos 24:47.636 --> 24:47.646 align:start position:0% Astramm can focus on the kinds of videos 24:47.646 --> 24:50.196 align:start position:0% Astramm can focus on the kinds of videos people<00:26:12.000> actually<00:26:12.480> want<00:26:12.720> to<00:26:12.960> watch.<00:26:13.760> It's 24:50.196 --> 24:50.206 align:start position:0% people actually want to watch. It's 24:50.206 --> 24:52.275 align:start position:0% people actually want to watch. It's where<00:26:14.320> our<00:26:14.640> most<00:26:14.799> engaged<00:26:15.279> viewers<00:26:15.600> are. 24:52.275 --> 24:52.285 align:start position:0% where our most engaged viewers are. 24:52.285 --> 24:54.116 align:start position:0% where our most engaged viewers are. People<00:26:16.400> who<00:26:16.640> care<00:26:16.880> about<00:26:17.200> learning, 24:54.116 --> 24:54.126 align:start position:0% People who care about learning, 24:54.126 --> 24:56.915 align:start position:0% People who care about learning, exploring,<00:26:19.039> and<00:26:19.279> seeing<00:26:19.520> what's<00:26:19.840> out<00:26:20.000> there. 24:56.915 --> 24:56.925 align:start position:0% exploring, and seeing what's out there. 24:56.925 --> 24:59.556 align:start position:0% exploring, and seeing what's out there. If<00:26:21.039> that<00:26:21.279> sounds<00:26:21.520> like<00:26:21.840> you,<00:26:22.559> join<00:26:22.799> the<00:26:22.960> Astram 24:59.556 --> 24:59.566 align:start position:0% If that sounds like you, join the Astram 24:59.566 --> 25:02.116 align:start position:0% If that sounds like you, join the Astram Patreon<00:26:23.840> today<00:26:24.320> and<00:26:24.559> be<00:26:24.799> part<00:26:25.120> of<00:26:25.360> where<00:26:25.760> we're 25:02.116 --> 25:02.126 align:start position:0% Patreon today and be part of where we're 25:02.126 --> 25:05.126 align:start position:0% Patreon today and be part of where we're headed.